Adapting a two-stage water load test to measure gastric sensitivity over time.

Van Dyck et al. [8] developed a two-stage protocol to estimate interoceptive (gastric) sensitivity independently of stomach volume. They provided no foreknowledge of the second stage (reaching stomach fullness), following the initial stage (drinking until satiated), therefore preventing longitudinal research.

Association Between High-Need Education-Based Funding and School Suspension Rates for Autistic Students in New Zealand.

Importance: Autistic students often experience poor educational outcomes that have implications for later life, including unemployment, interactions with the criminal justice system, increased risk for substance abuse, and low socioeconomic status. Improving educational outcomes is critical for ensuring that autistic young people can reach their potential.

Objective: To quantify differences in suspension rates between autistic and nonautistic students and to assess whether high-need education-based funding for autistic students is associated with reduced rates of school suspension.

Using the MUSIC Inventory to Evaluate Pathology Courses: an Exploratory Study.

Background: The MUSIC Inventory evaluates student's academic motivation across five constructs. We aimed to examine its use in undergraduate medical pathology courses.

Activity: Students from three pathology courses completed questions for three factors of the MUSIC Inventory plus one open-ended question.

Interventions to improve access to care for abnormal uterine bleeding: A systematic scoping review.

Background: Women with abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) experience barriers to accessing healthcare services.

Objectives: To identify and describe the evidence on interventions to improve healthcare access of women with AUB.

Search Strategy: A systematic search of databases including Medline, CINAHL, EMBASE, Scopus, and Cochrane register for clinical trials on February 26, 2021.

Hearing the patient voice: a qualitative interview study exploring the patient experience of a nurse-led initiative to integrate and enhance primary and secondary healthcare pathways.

Objective: The Transitional Care Nursing Service was a 2-year proof-of-concept trial exploring local health system readiness for incorporating integrated, person-centred models of care into existing health service structures within a provincial New Zealand context. Improved patient experience remains a priority in international and local healthcare policy directives. This qualitative study aimed to investigate patient experience by exploring the effectiveness of this integrated care person-centred service from the patients' perspective.

Capacity and decision making.

Pickering 's paper argues that the capacity of the decision-maker is the sole consideration in whether a decision should stand, and that the risk of the decision should not be considered. This argument ignores the existence of the player who is of the view that a decision is not wise. This paper argues that patient autonomy is not the sole determinant of whether a person is able to make an unwise decision, particularly in healthcare where there are always others affected by the patient decision.

Residential mobility and potentially avoidable hospitalisations in a population-based cohort of New Zealand children.

Background: Residential moves are common in early childhood and associations have been found between residential mobility and adverse child health and well-being outcomes. Although there are studies on potentially avoidable hospitalisations (PAH) in children, few have examined PAH in relation to residential mobility. Our aim, therefore, was to investigate residential mobility and PAH in a population-based cohort of New Zealand children.

The effect of do-it-yourself real-time continuous glucose monitoring on psychological and glycemic variables in children with type 1 diabetes: A randomized crossover trial.

Background: Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) decreases fear of hypoglycemia (FOH) and improves glycemic control among those affected by type 1 diabetes (T1D). No studies to date have examined the impact of using do-it-yourself real-time continuous glucose monitoring (DIY RT-CGM) on psychological and glycemic outcomes.

Methods: Child-parent dyads were recruited for a multicentre randomized crossover trial.

The minor allele of the CREBRF rs373863828 p.R457Q coding variant is associated with reduced levels of myostatin in males: Implications for body composition.

Objective: The minor allele (A) of the rs373863828 variant (p.Arg457Gln) in CREBRF is restricted to indigenous peoples of the Pacific islands (including New Zealand Māori and peoples of Polynesia), with a frequency of up to 25% in these populations. This allele associates with a large increase in body mass index (BMI) but with significantly lower risk of type-2 diabetes (T2D).

COVID-19 Pandemic Lockdown and Wellbeing: Experiences from Aotearoa New Zealand in 2020.

In 2020, in the first COVID-19 pandemic lockdown, Aotearoa New Zealand consistently maintained stringent public health measures including stay-at-home lockdowns and distancing responses. Considering the widespread disruption to social functioning caused by the pandemic, this paper aimed to explore environmental and social factors that influenced the wellbeing of individuals during the first lockdown in Aotearoa New Zealand. Our mixed-methods study involved a survey (n = 1010) and semi-structured interviews of a subset of surveyed individuals undertaken at the tail end of the first 2020 lockdown.

Is repeat serum urate testing superior to a single test to predict incident gout over time?

Elevated serum urate is the most important causal risk factor for developing gout. However, in longitudinal cohort studies, a small proportion of people with normal urate levels develop gout and the majority of those with high urate levels do not. These observations may be due to subsequent variations in serum urate over time.

The impact of ethnicity on stroke care access and patient outcomes: a New Zealand nationwide observational study.

Background: Ethnic inequities in stroke care access have been reported internationally but the impact on outcomes remains unclear. In New Zealand, data on ethnic stroke inequities and resultant effects on outcomes are generally limited and conflicting.

Methods: In a prospective, nationwide, multi-centre observational study, we recruited consecutive adult patients with confirmed stroke from 28 hospitals between 1 May and 31 October 2018.

Impact of war on veteran life span: natural experiment involving combat versus non-combat exposed military personnel.

Introduction: There is still uncertainty around the impact of combat exposure on the life span of war veterans. Therefore we made use of a natural experiment to study the impact on veteran life span of combat versus non-combat exposure in World War II (WW2).

Methods: The combat-exposed military personnel were derived from a random (10%) sample of the military roll of the 28th (Māori) Battalion from New Zealand.

Keeping it going: the importance of delivering interprofessional education during the COVID-19 pandemic.

BACKGROUND AND CONTEXT Globally, the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has highlighted the need for better interprofessional collaboration and teamwork. When disciplines have worked together to undertake testing, deliver care and administer vaccines, progress against COVID-19 has been made. Yet, teamwork has often not happened, wasting precious resources and stretching health-care workforces.

Relevance of Otago University postgraduate programmes in women's health to general practice: a case study.

INTRODUCTION There are important changes in the health care needs of women presenting to general practice in New Zealand, which prompted an evaluation of postgraduate training needs of general practitioners (GPs) who care for women in the community. AIM To evaluate the perceived relevance of the curriculum of Otago University postgraduate programmes in women's health to GPs' work profile to identify any need for curricular change. This study was also performed to investigate the need for refresher courses or a Master's degree in obstetrics, gynaecology and women's health.

Where is emotional feeling felt in the body? An integrative review.

Contemporary research on "embodied emotion" emphasizes the role of the body in emotional feeling. The evidence base on interoception, arguably the most prominent strand of embodied emotion research, places emphasis on the cardiac, respiratory and gastrointestinal systems. In turn, interoception has evidence-based links with improved emotion regulation.

Prescribing Smartphone Apps for Physical Activity Promotion in Primary Care: Modeling Study of Health Gain and Cost Savings.

Background: Inadequate physical activity is a substantial cause of health loss worldwide, and this loss is attributable to diseases such as coronary heart disease, diabetes, stroke, and certain forms of cancer.

Objective: This study aims to assess the potential impact of the prescription of smartphone apps in primary care settings on physical activity levels, health gains (in quality-adjusted life years [QALYs]), and health system costs in New Zealand (NZ).

Methods: A proportional multistate lifetable model was used to estimate the change in physical activity levels and predict the resultant health gains in QALYs and health system costs over the remaining life span of the NZ population alive in 2011 at a 3% discount rate.

Treatment of glioblastoma with re-purposed renin-angiotensin system modulators: Results of a phase I clinical trial.

Glioblastoma is the most common and most aggressive primary brain cancer in adults. Standard treatment of glioblastoma consisting of maximal safe resection, adjuvant radiotherapy and chemotherapy with temozolomide, results in an overall median survival of 14.6 months.

Hemoglobin is a key determinant of quality of life before and during azacitidine-based therapy for myelodysplasia and low blast count acute myeloid leukemia.

Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) have a major impact on quality of life (QoL). We performed a analysis of two multicenter trials of azacitidine-based disease-modifying therapy for patients with MDS and low blast count acute myeloid leukemia (AML), to identify factors associated with QoL. 231 patients were included (median age 70 years).

Use of intermittently scanned continuous glucose monitoring in young people with high-risk type 1 diabetes-Extension phase outcomes following a 6-month randomized control trial.

Aims: To describe the impact of a 12-month intervention using intermittently scanned continuous glucose monitoring (isCGM) on glycaemic control and glucose test frequency in adolescents and young adults with type 1 diabetes (T1D) and high-risk glycaemic control (HbA ≥75 mmol/mol [≥9.0%]).

Methods: In total, 64 young people (aged 13-20 years, 16.

Rates of Māori women receiving surgical treatment for urinary incontinence and pelvic organ prolapse in Southern District Health Board.

Aims: Pelvic organ prolapse (POP) and urinary incontinence (UI) are common gynaecological conditions that are amenable to surgical management. The prevalence of these conditions has not been well studied in the New Zealand population, but limited evidence suggests that Māori women are likely to have a higher prevalence of POP and UI than non-Māori women. The aim of this study was to formally document the rate of access to these surgical procedures for Māori and non-Māori women in the area served by Southern District Health Board (SDHB).