Proactive therapeutic drug monitoring of biologic drugs in patients with inflammatory bowel disease, inflammatory arthritis, and psoriasis: systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: To address the efficacy and safety of proactive therapeutic drug monitoring of biologic drugs for patients with inflammatory bowel disease, inflammatory arthritis, and psoriasis.

Design: Systematic review and meta-analysis.

Data Sources: Medline, Embase, Central, and CINAHL, from database inception to 23 May 2024.

'If you've lost your personality, there's no point in changing the valve'-a qualitative study of older adults' attitudes towards treatment of aortic stenosis with comorbid dementia.

Objectives: Due to prognostic uncertainty and limited decision-making capacity, the choice to perform transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) in patients with severe aortic stenosis (AS) and comorbid dementia is challenging. This study explores older adults' perspectives on complex decision-making preceding TAVI in the hypothetical setting of comorbid dementia.

Design: Qualitative study entailing semistructured interviews.

Basic self-disturbance in adolescents at risk of psychosis: temporal stability investigated by the experience sampling method in a mixed method study.

Background: Basic self-disturbance (BSD), also called anomalous self-experiences (ASEs), are core phenotypic markers for schizophrenia spectrum disorders and a prepsychotic vulnerability marker considered to be temporally stable (trait-phenomenon). Studies of BSD in children and adolescents are lacking.

Objective: To be clinically useful, we need to know more about the characteristics and temporal development of BSD in prepsychotic phases.

A cost-effectiveness analysis of sentinel lymph node biopsy compared with lymphadenectomy in intermediate- and high-risk endometrial carcinoma.

Background: Sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLN) is increasingly used for surgical staging of endometrial carcinoma.

Objective: To estimate the effect and cost-effectiveness of the implementation of an SLN algorithm for surgical staging in patients with intermediate- and high-risk endometrial carcinoma compared with lymphadenectomy.

Methods: We performed a model-based, cost-effectiveness analysis using primary data from a tertiary referral hospital that included 829 patients with endometrial carcinoma undergoing surgical staging.

Effect of the Green Cross method on patient safety culture in a postanaesthesia care unit: a longitudinal quasi-experimental study.

Background: Hospitals should adopt multiple methods to monitor incidents for a comprehensive review of the types of incidents that occur. Contrary to traditional incident reporting systems, the Green Cross (GC) method is a simple visual method to recognise incidents based on teamwork and safety briefings. Its longitudinal effect on patient safety culture has not been previously assessed.

Occupational exposure and new-onset asthma in the population-based Telemark study: a 5-year follow-up.

Objectives: This study aimed to estimate the incidence of asthma and assess the association between job exposure matrix (N-JEM) assigned occupational exposure, self-reported occupational exposure to vapour, gas, dust and fumes (VGDF), mould, damages from moisture and cold, and new-onset asthma. We also aimed to assess the corresponding population attributable fraction (PAF) for ever exposure to VGDF.

Design: Longitudinal population-based respiratory health study.

Preventing retraumatisation in torture survivors during surgical care: results of a guideline-development project and qualitative study exploring healthcare providers' experiences.

Objectives: Insufficient training and the absence of guidelines increase the risk of retraumatisation in torture survivors during surgical procedures. This study aims to develop guidelines to mitigate this risk and gather healthcare professionals' experiences treating torture survivors and insights on the guideline's feasibility and acceptability.

Design: The study was conducted in two phases.

Systolic blood pressure at age 40 and 30-year stroke risk in men and women.

Background: American and European guidelines define hypertension differently and are sex agnostic. Our aim was to assess the impact of different hypertension thresholds at the age of 40 on 30-year stroke risk and to examine sex differences.

Methods: We included 2608 stroke-free individuals from the Akershus Cardiac Examination 1950 Study, a Norwegian regional study conducted in 2012-2015 of the 1950 birth cohort, who had previously participated in the Age 40 Program, a nationwide health examination study conducted in 1990-1993.

What do patients with heart failure disclose about medication adherence at home to their hospital and primary care doctors? Exploratory interaction-based observational cohort study.

Objectives: The main objective of this study was twofold: to investigate what kind of information patients with heart failure (HF) tell their doctors about their medication adherence at home, and how often such information is provided in consultations where medication reconciliation is recommended. To meet these objectives, we developed an analysis to recognise, define, and count (1) patient utterances including medication adherence disclosures in clinical interactions (MADICI), (2) MADICI including red-flags for non-adherence, and (3) MADICI initiated by patients without prompts from their doctor.

Design: Exploratory interaction-based observational cohort study.

Living happily alone in Plato's cave? On loneliness, technology and the metaphysics of presence.

In a lot of research on loneliness and technology, there is an underlying premise that actual, physical presence is more real than 'virtual' presence. This premise is rarely explicit, yet it implies a hierarchy of reality, where the 'here and now' is always on top. In this theoretical paper, we examine this latent hierarchy and the understandings of presence and mediation it implies.

Moral distress among physicians in Norway: a longitudinal study.

Objectives: To explore and compare physicians' reported moral distress in 2004 and 2021 and identify factors that could be related to these responses.

Design: Longitudinal survey.

Setting: Data were gathered from the Norwegian Physician Panel Study, a representative sample of Norwegian physicians, conducted in 2004 and 2021.

Potato Consumption and All-Cause and Cardiovascular Disease Mortality - A Long-Term Follow-Up of a Norwegian Cohort.

Background: Potatoes are a staple food in many traditional cuisines, yet their impact on long-term risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and mortality is unclear, hampering evidence-based dietary guidelines.

Objectives: This study aimed to examine the association between potato consumption and all-cause and CVD-specific death over a substantial follow-up period within a cohort predominantly consuming boiled potatoes.

Methods: Adults from 3 Norwegian counties were invited to 3 health screenings in 1974-1988 (>80% attendance).

Bacterial growth in patients with low back pain and Modic changes: protocol of a multicentre, case-control biopsy study.

Introduction: Bacterial infection and Modic changes (MCs) as causes of low back pain (LBP) are debated. Results diverged between two randomised controlled trials examining the effect of amoxicillin with and without clavulanic acid versus placebo on patients with chronic LBP (cLBP) and MCs. Previous biopsy studies have been criticised with regard to methods, few patients and controls, and insufficient measures to minimise perioperative contamination.

2023 EULAR recommendations on imaging in diagnosis and management of crystal-induced arthropathies in clinical practice.

Objective: To formulate evidence-based recommendations and overarching principles on the use of imaging in the clinical management of crystal-induced arthropathies (CiAs).

Methods: An international task force of 25 rheumatologists, radiologists, methodologists, healthcare professionals and patient research partners from 11 countries was formed according to the EULAR standard operating procedures. Fourteen key questions on the role of imaging in the most common forms of CiA were generated.

Non-operative versus operative treatment of suprasyndesmotic ankle fractures: protocol for a prospective, multicentre, randomised controlled trial.

Introduction: Surgery is widely recognised as the treatment of choice for suprasyndesmotic ankle fractures, because of the assumption that these injuries yield instability of the ankle joint. Stability assessment of ankle fractures using weightbearing radiographs is now used regularly to guide the treatment of transsyndesmotic and infrasyndesmotic ankle fractures. Patients with a congruent ankle joint on weightbearing radiographs can be treated non-operatively with excellent results.

Benzene exposure and risk of lung cancer in the Norwegian Offshore Petroleum Worker cohort: a prospective case-cohort study.

Objective: The objective of our study was to examine whether occupational exposure to benzene is associated with lung cancer among males in the Norwegian Offshore Petroleum Workers cohort.

Methods: Among 25 347 male offshore workers employed during 1965-1998, we conducted a case-cohort study with 399 lung cancer cases diagnosed between 1999 and 2021, and 2035 non-cases sampled randomly by 5-year birth cohorts. Individual work histories were coupled to study-specific job-exposure matrices for benzene and other known lung carcinogens.

Interpretation and use of a decision support tool for multiple treatment options: a combined randomised controlled trial and survey of medical students.

Objectives: To investigate medical students' ability to interpret evidence, as well as their self-assessed understandability, perceived usefulness and preferences for design alternatives in an interactive decision support tool, displaying GRADE evidence summaries for multiple treatment options (Making Alternative Treatment CHoices Intuitive and Trustworthy, MATCH-IT).

Design: A combined randomised controlled trial and survey. Participants were presented with a clinical scenario and randomised to one of two versions of the MATCH-IT tool (A/B), instructed to explore the evidence and decide on a recommendation.

Standardizing Randomized Controlled Trials in Celiac Disease: An International Multidisciplinary Appropriateness Study.

Background & Aims: There is a need to develop safe and effective pharmacologic options for the treatment of celiac disease (CeD); however, consensus on the appropriate design and configuration of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in this population is lacking.

Methods: A 2-round modified Research and Development/University of California Los Angeles Appropriateness Method study was conducted. Eighteen gastroenterologists (adult and pediatric) and gastrointestinal pathologists voted on statements pertaining to the configuration of CeD RCTs, inclusion and exclusion criteria, gluten challenge, and trial outcomes.

International Olympic Committee (IOC) consensus paper on sports-related ophthalmology issues in elite sports.

Vision plays an important role in an athletes' success. In sports, nearly 80% of perceptual input is visual, and eye health and sports medicine are closely intertwined fields of utmost importance to athletes. The physical nature of sports activities renders individuals more prone to various eye injuries than the general population.

Does the clot burden as assessed by the Mean Bilateral Proximal Extension of the Clot score reflect mortality and adverse outcome after pulmonary embolism?

Background: Rapid diagnosis and risk stratification are important to reduce the risk of adverse clinical events and mortality in acute pulmonary embolism (PE). Although clot burden has not been consistently shown to correlate with disease outcomes, proximally located PE is generally perceived as more severe.

Purpose: To explore the ability of the Mean Bilateral Proximal Extension of the Clot (MBPEC) score to predict mortality and adverse outcome.

Digital health and human rights of young adults in Ghana, Kenya and Vietnam: a qualitative participatory action research study.

Introduction: Digital health offers the potential to strengthen health systems in low- and middle-income countries. However, experts have warned about threats to human rights.

Methods: We used qualitative methods to investigate how young adults in Ghana, Kenya and Vietnam use their mobile phones to access online health information and peer support, and what they see as the effect on their human rights.