Electronic Heart (ECG) Monitoring at Birth and Newborn Resuscitation.

Background: Approximately 10% of newborns require assistance at delivery, and heart rate (HR) is the primary vital sign providers use to guide resuscitation methods. In 2016, the American Heart Association (AHA) suggested electrocardiogram in the delivery room (DR-ECG) to measure heart rate during resuscitation. This study aimed to compare the frequency of resuscitation methods used before and after implementation of the AHA recommendations.

Patient-Reported Outcomes, Tumor Markers, and Survival Outcomes in Advanced GI Cancer.

Importance: Patient-reported outcomes (PROs), such as quality of life (QOL) and symptoms, are often associated with clinical outcomes in patients with cancer. In practice, oncologists use serum tumor markers (TMs) (ie, carcinoembryonic antigen [CEA] and carbohydrate antigen 19-9 [CA 19-9]) and imaging to monitor clinical outcomes in patients with gastrointestinal cancer.

Objective: To examine associations of 1-month changes in PROs and TMs with treatment response and survival among patients with gastrointestinal cancer.

Laryngeal Mask Airway (LMA) Placement in a Neonatal Patient Simulator Using a Non-Inflatable Supraglottic Airway (SGA).

The effective delivery of positive pressure ventilation (PPV) can be challenging during neonatal resuscitation. Achieving a patent airway through an appropriate interface during neonatal resuscitation is critical for avoiding airway obstruction and leakage and optimizing access to PPV. Due to the complexity of face mask ventilation, providers have explored corrective steps.

Laryngeal Mask Ventilation during Neonatal Resuscitation: A Case Series.

Positive pressure ventilation via a facemask is a critical step in neonatal resuscitation but may be a difficult skill for frontline providers or trainees to master. A laryngeal mask is an alternative to endotracheal intubation for some newborns who require an advanced airway. We present the first case series in the United States in which a laryngeal mask was successfully utilized during resuscitation of newborns greater than or equal to 34 weeks' gestation following an interdisciplinary quality improvement collaborative and focused training program.

Ethical priority of the most actionable system of biomolecules: the metabolome.

The metabolome is a system of small biomolecules (metabolites) and a direct result of human bioculture. Consequently, metabolomics is well poised to impact anthropological and biomedical research for the foreseeable future. Overall, we provide a perspective on the ethical, legal, and social implications (ELSI) of metabolomics, which we argue are often more alarming than those of genomics.

Identifying opportunities to improve medication management in transitions of care.

Purpose: The types and causes of medication discrepancies during the transition from inpatient to ambulatory care were investigated.

Methods: A descriptive study was conducted at an academic outpatient group practice affiliated with a private nonacademic hospital to (1) describe discrepancies between inpatient discharge summaries and patient-reported medication lists, (2) identify patient and system factors related to breakdowns in medication documentation, and (3) determine reasons for medication discrepancies. During a four-month period, 17 patients at high risk for medication misadventures while transitioning from hospital care to outpatient follow-up were contacted by telephone soon after discharge and asked to provide information on all medications they were taking.

The impact of case definition on attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder prevalence estimates in community-based samples of school-aged children.

Objective: To determine the impact of varying attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) diagnostic criteria, including new DSM-5 criteria, on prevalence estimates.

Method: Parent and teacher reports identified high- and low-screen children with ADHD from elementary schools in 2 states that produced a diverse overall sample. The parent interview stage included the Diagnostic Interview Schedule for Children-IV (DISC-IV), and up to 4 additional follow-up interviews.

Pseudohyperphosphatemia in children treated with liposomal amphotericin B.

Purpose: The results of a study to determine the frequency of pseudohyperphosphatemia in a sample of pediatric patients treated with i.v. liposomal amphotericin B are reported.