Development and sex affect respiratory responses to temperature and dissolved oxygen in the air-breathing fishes Betta splendens and Trichopodus trichopterus.

Ventilation frequencies of the gills (f) and the air-breathing organ (f) were measured in juveniles and adults of the air-breathing betta (Betta splendens) and the blue gourami (Trichopodus trichopterus) in response to temperature and hypoxia. Ventilatory rates were evaluated after 1 h of exposure to 27 °C (control), 23 and 31 °C (PO = 21.0 kPa), after acute temperature changes (ATC) from 23 to 27, and 27 to 31 °C, and under progressive hypoxia (PH; PO =  ~ 21 to 2.

Exploring CRISPR-Cas9 HNH-Domain-Catalyzed DNA Cleavage Using Accelerated Quantum Mechanical Molecular Mechanical Free Energy Simulation.

The target DNA (tDNA) cleavage catalyzed by the CRISPR Cas9 enzyme is a critical step in the Cas9-based genome editing technologies. Previously, the tDNA cleavage from an active SpyCas9 enzyme conformation was modeled by Palermo and co-workers (Nierzwicki et al., , 912) using ab initio quantum mechanical molecular mechanical (ai-QM/MM) free energy simulations, where the free energy barrier was found to be more favorable than that from a pseudoactive enzyme conformation.

Influence of occupational stress on breast cancer incidence in the Women's Health Initiative.

Objective: Psychological stress has long been posited as a potential risk factor for breast cancer. We aimed to examine the relationship between occupational stress and the incidence of invasive breast cancer among postmenopausal women from the Women's Health Initiative Observational Study.

Method: Occupational stress was characterized through linkage of Standard Occupational Classification codes for participants' jobs to the Occupational Information Network.

Beyond the Pain Management Clinic: The Role of AI-Integrated Remote Patient Monitoring in Chronic Disease Management - A Narrative Review.

Remote Patient Monitoring (RPM) stands as a pivotal advancement in patient-centered care, offering substantial improvements in the diagnosis, management, and outcomes of chronic conditions. Through the utilization of advanced digital technologies, RPM facilitates the real-time collection and transmission of critical health data, enabling clinicians to make prompt, informed decisions that enhance patient safety and care, particularly within home environments. This narrative review synthesizes evidence from peer-reviewed studies to evaluate the transformative role of RPM, particularly its integration with Artificial Intelligence (AI), in managing chronic conditions such as heart failure, diabetes, and chronic pain.

Development and initial validation of the implicit internalized sexual orientation stigma affect misattribution procedure.

Introduction: This article describes the development and initial validation of a measure of implicit internalized stigma among queer people, the Implicit Internalized Sexual Orientation Stigma Affect Misattribution Procedure (Internal-SOS-AMP), a computer-administered sequential priming procedure.

Methods: The creation of the Internal-SOS-AMP involved a mixed-methods approach, including a literature review, expert interviews, stimuli selection and pilot testing, data collection from a large sample, reliability testing, correlational analyses, and confirmatory factor analysis. Psychometric testing was conducted with a national sample of 500 queer adults who completed two waves of data collection.

Predictive and Interpretable Machine Learning of Economic Burden: The Role of Chronic Conditions Among Elderly Patients with Incident Primary Merkel Cell Carcinoma (MCC).

Objective: To evaluate chronic conditions as leading predictors of economic burden over time among older adults with incident primary Merkel Cell Carcinoma (MCC) using machine learning methods.

Methods: We used a retrospective cohort of older adults (age ≥ 67 years) diagnosed with MCC between 2009 and 2019. For these elderly MCC patients, we derived three phases (pre-diagnosis, during-treatment, and post-treatment) anchored around cancer diagnosis date.

Essential genes encoded by the mating-type locus of the human fungal pathogen .

Fungal sexual reproduction is controlled by the mating-type () locus. In contrast to a majority of species in the phylum Basidiomycota that have tetrapolar mating-type systems, the opportunistic human pathogen employs a bipolar mating-type system, with two mating types ( and α) determined by a single locus that is unusually large (~120 kb) and contains more than 20 genes. While several genes are associated with mating and sexual development, others control conserved cellular processes (e.

Entomological surveillance during a major CHIKV outbreak in northwestern São Paulo: insights from São José do Rio Preto.

Background: Brazil is considered an epicenter for emerging and re-emerging arboviruses that significantly impact public health. The mid-sized city of São José do Rio Preto (SJdRP) in northwestern São Paulo state is considered hyperendemic for arboviral diseases, with case numbers climbing each year. Only 45 cases of chikungunya (CHIKV) were reported in the city from 2015 to 2022, indicating cryptic circulation of this virus, but cases in the state increased notably in 2023.

The Role of Shyness and Fear of Negative Evaluation in Predicting the Mental Health of Academic Staff: A Cross-Sectional Study.

This study aimed to predict mental health based on shyness and fear of negative evaluation in academic staff. The research employed an applied methodology, utilizing quantitative and descriptive (correlational) methods for data collection. The study's temporal framework is cross-sectional.

Validation of an instrument to assess student pharmacist self-authorship.

Introduction: Self-authorship is the creation of one's own perspective by contextually evaluating evidence, constructing independent beliefs, and maintaining capacity to consider outside perspectives. Transitioning between cognitive self-authorship stages is common during higher education. Despite correlation to several co-curricular subdomains, instruments to measure self-authorship are limited, however, one such instrument has been developed within medical education and would benefit use within pharmacy education.

Development and evaluation of a decision aid for HPV vaccination among adults aged 27-45 years old in the United States.

Objective: To design, develop, and field test the HPV Decide decision tool to facilitate shared clinical decision-making recommendation for mid-adult HPV vaccination.

Methods: The 'HPV Decide' online tool was developed through a 6-step process, involving community and provider advisory boards, usability testing with 10 end users (unvaccinated adults aged 27-45), field testing interviews with another 10, and interviews with 18 healthcare providers. The process incorporated both inductive and deductive qualitative data analyses.

Conceptual modeling of structural malalignments and ankle joint contact forces during walking.

Background: Structural malalignments, such as talar malalignments and hindfoot varus, are hypothesized to contribute to early ankle joint degeneration by altering joint contact force (JCF). These malalignments, common in individuals with chronic ankle instability (CAI), can modify the articular geometry of the ankle joint, potentially leading to abnormal joint loading patterns. This study leverages musculoskeletal modeling and simulation to conceptualize the effects of increasing severity of these malalignments on ankle JCF during walking.

Justification, margin values, and analysis populations for oncologic noninferiority and equivalence trials: a meta-epidemiological study.

Background: Noninferiority (NI) and equivalence trials evaluate whether an experimental therapy's effect on the primary endpoint (PEP) is contained within an acceptable margin compared to standard-of-care. The reliability and impact of this conclusion, however, is largely dependent on the justification for this design, the choice of margin, and the analysis population used.

Methods: A meta-epidemiological study was performed of phase 3 randomized NI and equivalence oncologic trials registered at ClinicalTrials.

New Approaches to Respiratory Syncytial Virus Prevention and Treatment.

There have been several recent advances in the prevention of lower respiratory tract disease (LRTD) due to respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection in older adults and young children. Three different vaccines are now approved for use in older adults; one of these vaccines is also approved for use in pregnant individuals for the prevention of LRTD due to RSV in their infants. In addition, a new monoclonal antibody is available to prevent RSV LRTD in infants born during or entering their first RSV season and in children up to 24 months of age who remain vulnerable to severe RSV disease through their second RSV season.

Association between Locoregional Failure and NFE2L2/KEAP1/CUL3 Mutations in NRG/RTOG 9512: A Randomized Trial of Radiation Fractionation in T2N0 Glottic Cancer.

Purpose: NFE2L2/KEAP1/CUL3 mutations have been validated for radiation resistance in cell-based assays and animal models. However, clinical validation of these biomarkers has been challenging due to multimodality treatment regimens. This study aims to investigate the association between NFE2L2/KEAP1/CUL3 mutations and patient outcomes, including local failure (LF), locoregional failures (LRF), disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS), using samples from a phase III trial in which patients were treated with radiation monotherapy at 2 controlled doses.

Long-Term Safety and Effectiveness of Dimethyl Fumarate in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis Treated in Routine Medical Practice: Final Analysis of the ESTEEM Study.

Introduction: Dimethyl fumarate (DMF) has demonstrated a favorable benefit-risk profile in patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) in clinical and real-world studies. The ESTEEM study (NCT02047097) was conducted to assess the long-term safety and effectiveness of delayed-release DMF in patients with relapsing forms of MS in routine clinical practice. We report final outcomes from ESTEEM with up to 6.

Evaluating a Child Presenting with Symptoms Concerning for Sjögren Disease: A Clinical Tool for Practice.

Background/purpose: Childhood Sjögren disease (cSjD) is a rare disease. There are no widely accepted diagnostic or classification criteria for cSjD. To fill this gap, members from CARRA Sjogren Workgroup and the International cSjD Workgroup created a clinical diagnostic algorithm.

Intestinal Epithelial Serotonin as a Novel Target for Treating Disorders of Gut-Brain Interaction and Mood.

Background & Aims: Mood disorders and disorders of gut-brain interaction (DGBI) are highly prevalent, commonly comorbid, and lack fully effective therapies. Although selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are first-line pharmacological treatments for these disorders, they may impart adverse effects, including anxiety, anhedonia, dysmotility, and, in children exposed in utero, an increased risk of cognitive, mood, and gastrointestinal disorders. SSRIs act systemically to block the serotonin reuptake transporter and enhance serotonergic signaling in the brain, intestinal epithelium, and enteric neurons.