Considering multi-scale built environment in modeling severity of traffic violations by elderly drivers: An interpretable machine learning framework.

The causes of traffic violations by elderly drivers are different from those of other age groups. To reduce serious traffic violations that are more likely to cause serious traffic crashes, this study divided the severity of traffic violations into three levels (i.e.

Gait Training Interventions for Individuals with Chronic Ankle Instability: A Systematic Review & Meta-Analysis.

Objective: This review aimed to determine if gait training interventions influence lower extremity biomechanics during walking in individuals with chronic ankle instability (CAI).

Methods: A literature search was conducted in PubMed, CINAHL, SPORTDiscus, and MEDLINE to identify English-language studies from inception through September 2022. Eligible studies included randomized control trials, repeated measures design, and descriptive laboratory studies measuring the effects during or following a gait training intervention on biomechanical outcomes (kinematics, kinetics, electromyography) during walking in individuals with CAI.

Promoting vigorous intermittent lifestyle physical activity (vilpa) in middle-aged adults: an evaluation of the movsnax mobile app.

Background: Most adults fail to meet the moderate to vigorous physical activity-based recommendations needed to maintain or improve health. Vigorous Intermittent Lifestyle Physical Activity (VILPA) refers to short (1-2 min) high-intensity activities that are integrated into activities of daily living. VILPA has shown strong potential to improve health and addresses commonly reported barriers to physical activity.

Nerve Regeneration Using Compartmentalized System in CIPN Model.

The analysis of nerve regeneration in the chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) model can be achieved using the compartmentalized culture system. This system enables us to isolate the cell body from the axon physically and fluidically, therefore allowing for the independent manipulation of the cell body and axons. Compartmentalized chambers mimic the human body conditions, and can be used to study axonal degeneration, disease modeling, and drug screening.

Residues 2 to 7 of α-synuclein regulate amyloid formation via lipid-dependent and lipid-independent pathways.

Amyloid formation by α-synuclein (αSyn) occurs in Parkinson's disease, multiple system atrophy, and dementia with Lewy bodies. Deciphering the residues that regulate αSyn amyloid fibril formation will not only provide mechanistic insight but may also reveal targets to prevent and treat disease. Previous investigations have identified several regions of αSyn to be important in the regulation of amyloid formation, including the non-amyloid-β component (NAC), P1 region (residues 36 to 42), and residues in the C-terminal domain.

Changes in Left Ventricular Function and Outcomes After Trancatheter Edge-to-Edge Repair for Secondary Mitral Regurgitation.

Background: Transcatheter edge-to-edge repair (TEER) improved outcomes in patients with heart failure (HF) and severe secondary mitral regurgitation (SMR) compared with guideline-directed medical therapy (GDMT) alone regardless of the severity of baseline left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF). The study aimed to evaluate the effect of early changes in LVEF after TEER and GDMT alone in patients with HF and severe SMR.

Methods: Within the COAPT trial, we evaluated outcomes according to changes in LVEF from baseline to 30 days.

Intravascular Ultrasound Use in Peripheral Arterial and Deep Venous Interventions: Multidisciplinary Expert Opinion From SCAI/AVF/AVLS/SIR/SVM/SVS.

Percutaneous revascularization is the primary strategy for treating lower extremity venous and arterial disease. Angiography is limited by its ability to accurately size vessels, precisely determine the degree of stenosis and length of lesions, characterize lesion morphology, or correctly diagnose postintervention complications. These limitations are overcome with use of intravascular ultrasound (IVUS).

Clinical Outcomes of a Novel Hybrid Transtibial Technique for Femoral Tunnel Drilling in Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction: A Large Single-Center Case Series With a Minimum 2-Year Follow-up.

Background: A novel hybrid transtibial (HTT) approach to femoral tunnel drilling in anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) has been developed that circumvents the need for knee hyperflexion and orients the graft in the most anatomic position without sacrificing the tunnel length or aperture.

Hypothesis: Patients who underwent ACLR utilizing the HTT technique would achieve excellent patient-reported outcome scores and experience low rates of graft failure and reoperations.

Study Design: Case series; Level of evidence, 4.

Birthing Parent Experiences of Postpartum at-Home Blood Pressure Monitoring Versus Office-Based Follow up After Diagnosis of Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy.

Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy are a leading cause of pregnancy-related morbidity and mortality. The primary objective of this study was to compare the frequency of documentation of postpartum blood pressure through remote blood pressure monitoring with text-message delivered reminders versus office-based follow-up 7-10 days postpartum. The secondary objective was to examine barriers and facilitators of both care strategies from the perspectives of individuals who experienced a hypertensive disorder of pregnancy.

Twitter (X) in Medicine: Friend or Foe to the Field of Interventional Cardiology?

Twitter, which recently changed its name to "X," is a popular social media platform that is used widely across the world due to its easy accessibility through the internet. Due to more public familiarity, we referred to this social media platform as "Twitter (X)" in this article. Users can create posts, also called as "tweets" with a limitation of 280 characters and can add images, videos, and weblinks.

Hemoplasmas in wild rodents and marsupials from the Caatinga Biome, Brazil.

A total of 231 blood samples from wild mammals belonging to the orders Rodentia (n = 142) and Didelphimorphia (n = 89) were screened by real-time PCR assay (qPCR), being six Rhipidomys sp., 118 Thrichomys laurentius, nine Rattus rattus, four Kerodon rupestris, five Necromys lasiurus, 42 Didelphis albiventris and 47 Monodelphis domestica. Results using qPCR showed that 32 of the total 231 (13.

Community-Based Participatory Research with Sexual and Gender Minority Trauma Survivors: Challenges, Solutions, and Recommendations for Future Research.

Research on sexual and gender minority (SGM) and domestic violence/sexual assault (DV/SA) is needed given that SGM people are at elevated risk of experiencing DV/SA and accessing inclusive and affirming services from DV/SA community agencies poses challenges for SGM survivors. Community-based participatory research (CBPR) is emerging as a valuable methodological tool in this area, yet few CBPR studies focus on DV/SA among SGM people. In the current paper, we present a case study of a CBPR study conducted in collaboration with SGM survivors of DV/SA, as well as community stakeholders (i.

The Effect of Neurocognitive Training on Biomechanical Risk Factors Related to Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury in Athletes: A Narrative Review.

Context: The best current evidence supports the effectiveness of neuromuscular training in reducing the risk of injury; however, the rate of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries is still high. Neurocognitive training (NT) has successfully improved biomechanical risk factors, but they have been considered in only a few studies.

Objective: To review the literature to determine the effect of NT on biomechanical risk factors related to ACL injury in athletes.

Demographics, Utilization, Workflow, and Outcomes Based on Observational Data From the RSNA-ACR 3D Printing Registry.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to report data from the first 3 years of operation of the RSNA-ACR 3D Printing Registry.

Methods: Data from June 2020 to June 2023 were extracted, including demographics, indications, workflow, and user assessments. Clinical indications were stratified by 12 organ systems.

Planned Dental Extractions After Radiation Therapy.

Importance: Nonrestorable teeth are recommended to be extracted prior to radiation therapy (RT). Occasionally, preradiation extractions introduce unacceptable delays in treatment initiation. Planned dental extractions immediately postradiation presents an alternative strategy, though outcomes are uncertain.

Mouse adaptation of human inflammatory bowel diseases microbiota enhances colonization efficiency and alters microbiome aggressiveness depending on the recipient colonic inflammatory environment.

Background: Understanding the cause vs consequence relationship of gut inflammation and microbial dysbiosis in inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) requires a reproducible mouse model of human-microbiota-driven experimental colitis.

Results: Our study demonstrated that human fecal microbiota transplant (FMT) transfer efficiency is an underappreciated source of experimental variability in human microbiota-associated (HMA) mice. Pooled human IBD patient fecal microbiota engrafted germ-free (GF) mice with low amplicon sequence variant (ASV)-level transfer efficiency, resulting in high recipient-to-recipient variation of microbiota composition and colitis severity in HMA Il-10 mice.

Distinct regulation of ATM signaling by DNA single-strand breaks and APE1.

In response to DNA double-strand breaks or oxidative stress, ATM-dependent DNA damage response (DDR) is activated to maintain genome integrity. However, it remains elusive whether and how DNA single-strand breaks (SSBs) activate ATM. Here, we provide direct evidence in Xenopus egg extracts that ATM-mediated DDR is activated by a defined SSB structure.

Advances and ongoing challenges in eosinophilic gastrointestinal disorders presented at the CEGIR/TIGERs Symposium at the 2024 American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology meeting.

The Consortium of Eosinophilic Gastrointestinal disease Researchers (CEGIR) and The International Gastrointestinal Eosinophil Researchers (TIGERs) organized a daylong symposium at the 2024 annual meeting of the American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology. The symposium featured new discoveries in basic and translational research as well as debates on the mechanisms and management of eosinophilic gastrointestinal diseases. Updates on recent clinical trials and consensus guidelines were also presented.

A Mixed-Methods Study to Understand Community Health Worker Integration With Health Care Teams.

Two models employed to integrate community health workers (CHWs) in health care settings are community-clinical linkages and employment within health care. Our objective was to understand the variability in how these models are implemented. We conducted a mixed-methods study across a large health system that included CHW focus groups and electronic health record data on patients referred to the teams.

Translational Diffusion and Self-Association of an Intrinsically Disordered Protein κ-Casein Using NMR with Ultra-High Pulsed-Field Gradient and Time-Resolved FRET.

Much attention has been given to studying the translational diffusion of globular proteins, whereas the translational diffusion of intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs) is less studied. In this study, we investigate the translational diffusion and how it is affected by the self-association of an IDP, κ-casein, using pulsed-field gradient nuclear magnetic resonance and time-resolved Förster resonance energy transfer. Using the analysis of the shape of diffusion attenuation and the concentration dependence of κ-casein diffusion coefficients and intermolecular interactions, we demonstrate that κ-casein exhibits continuous self-association.