Baseline characteristics for phase II of the Kinshasa Malaria Cohort Study: cohort profile.

Purpose: The Democratic Republic of Congo has one of the highest burdens of malaria in the world, accounting for 12.3% of malaria cases and 11.6% of malaria deaths.

Association of food insecurity with mental health status, mental health services utilisation and general healthcare utilisation among US adults.

Background: Food insecurity poses a substantial threat to mental health. However, there is limited understanding of how food-insecure adults experience mental health challenges and access necessary health services. We examined the association of food insecurity with mental health status, mental health service utilisation and general healthcare utilisation among US adults.

Impact of white matter hyperintensity volume on cognition among US Mexican American adults.

Objective: Higher white matter hyperintensity (WMH) volume is a marker of cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. CVD risk factors increase risk for Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRD). Mexican Americans (MA) and individuals of other Hispanic/Latino heritages have higher risk for CVD and ADRD.

Examination of Sex Differences in Energy Availability, Disordered Eating, and Compulsive Exercise Among Male and Female Adolescent Athletes.

Objective: The primary aim of this study was to examine sex differences in energy availability (EA) and its relationships with disordered eating, compulsive exercise, and body mass index (BMI) among adolescent athletes.

Design: Cross-sectional study.

Setting: University hospital pediatric sports medicine center.

Effect of an abdominal binder on postoperative outcomes after ventral hernia repair: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Introduction: Abdominal binders consist of a wide compression belt that encircles the abdomen, theoretically supporting the abdominal wall. However, their use after ventral hernia repair is debated. Therefore, this meta-analysis evaluates their efficacy.

Innovating Diabetes Care in Pregnancy: Do group care models improve outcomes and equity?

Shared medical appointments (SMAs) for diabetes and group prenatal care (GPC) for pregnant patients, have emerged as innovative care delivery models. They have the potential to transform diabetes care by overcoming many of the time limitations of traditional one-on-one clinical visits. There is compelling evidence that SMAs improve glycemic control for non-pregnant patients with diabetes, GPC reduces Black/White health disparities in preterm birth, and Diabetes Group Prenatal Care increase postpartum glucose tolerance test uptake among patients with gestational diabetes mellitus.

Engagement in a virtual group-based walking intervention for persons with schizophrenia: a qualitative study.

Background: Exercise is beneficial for persons with schizophrenia; however, high dropout rates limit the impact of interventions. Virtual exercise programs have the potential to improve engagement; however, few intervention studies of virtual programs have been conducted in this population.

Methods: This study examined qualitative data from 15 adults with schizophrenia who participated in a pilot randomized controlled trial of Virtual PACE-Life, a live, video-delivered group walking intervention guided by self-determination theory.

Systematic Review of Obstetric and Child Outcomes of Prenatal Exposure to Inhalants in the Context of a Use Disorder.

Objectives: Inhalants are often used for their psychoactive effects, producing feelings of euphoria. Inhalant and solvent use is a serious public health concern, yet little is known about their effects on perinatal, fetal, and child outcomes. The aim of our review is to evaluate the impact of inhalant use by pregnant people on maternal, fetal, neonatal, and early childhood outcomes.

P300 Modulates Endothelial Mechanotransduction of Fluid Shear Stress.

Purpose: P300 is a lysine acetyltransferase that plays a significant role in regulating transcription and the nuclear acetylome. While P300 has been shown to be required for the transcription of certain early flow responsive genes, relatively little is known about its role in the endothelial response to hemodynamic fluid stress. Here we sought to define the role of P300 in mechanotransduction of fluid shear stress in the vascular endothelium.

Usage of Spaced Repetition Flashcards to Improve Educational Outcomes in Microbiology.

: Spaced repetition flashcards and other instructor-made resources are beneficial tools for students in content-dense introductory courses, particularly in the sciences. This study seeks to evaluate whether instructor-made, spaced repetition flashcards affect students' performance on the exams and their self-concept as it pertains to a newly introduced discipline (microbiology). : Students enrolled in a bachelor's level introductory microbiology course utilized a spaced repetition flashcard software to scaffold their review of course material productively.

General Surgery Versus Integrated Surgical Sub-specialties: Predictors for Residency Match and Interview Invites Among Surgical Candidates.

Objective: The goal of this study was to assess predictive factors for receiving interviews and matching in general surgery (GS), cardiothoracic surgery (TS), vascular surgery (VS), and plastic surgery (PS).

Design: The Texas Seeking Transparency in Applications to Residency (STAR) survey was analyzed for match years 2018-2023. Chi-Square Tests of Independence were used to assess differences among participants who received ≥16 vs <16 interviews and, separately, participants who matched vs went unmatched.

COVID-19 and Female Genital Mutilation/Cutting and child marriage: An online multi-country cross sectional survey.

Female Genital Mutilation/Cutting (FGM/C) and child marriage are prevalent in many countries in Asia and Africa. These practices are a violation of human rights and have significant impacts on the physical and mental well-being of those affected. COVID-19 restrictions such as lockdowns and closure of schools may have influenced the occurrence of FGM/C and child marriage.

The humanistic burden of immunoglobulin A nephropathy on patients and care-partners in the United States.

Purpose: This cross-sectional survey study quantified the humanistic burden of immunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgAN), in terms of physical and mental health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and work productivity, among adults with primary IgAN and their care-partners.

Methods: HRQoL was assessed (01/31/22 - 05/31/23) with validated tools including the KDQoL-36 (with SF-12), GAD-7 (anxiety), PHQ-9 (depression), and WPAI: SHP (work productivity). Participant characteristics and total/domain scores were summarized; selected outcomes were compared to an external, kidney disease-free cohort.

Immunohistochemical Expression of Immune Regulatory Proteins in Interface Dermatoses.

Cutaneous immune-related adverse events (irAEs) of immunotherapies, such as anti-programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1), suggest that immune checkpoint factors may contribute to the pathobiology of lichenoid interface dermatitis in immunotherapy-naïve patients. Our study aimed to describe innate and adaptive immune markers via immunohistochemical (IHC) staining of lichenoid interface dermatoses. We studied the staining patterns of PD-L1, STING, IL-36 gamma, CD8, PD-1, and LAG-3 in five interface dermatoses: oral lichen planus (LP) (n = 10), cutaneous LP (n = 10), chronic cutaneous lupus erythematosus (CLE) (n = 11), erythema multiforme (EM) (n = 11), and toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) (n = 13), by immunohistochemistry (IHC) analysis.

Preferences for oral and injectable PrEP among qualitative sub-study participants in HPTN 084.

Background: HPTN 084 compared the safety and efficacy of long-acting injectable cabotegravir (CAB) to daily oral TDF/FTC for prevention of HIV-1 in uninfected African women. Like a similar trial in MSM/TGW (HPTN 083), the trial was stopped early for efficacy, expediting the need to consider introduction strategies for different populations. We examine survey and qualitative data from a four-country sub-study to examine oral and injectable PrEP acceptability and considerations for CAB access among African women.