55,780 results match your criteria: "University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill[Affiliation]"
Diabet Med
December 2024
Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA.
Aims: We explored the prevalence of disordered eating behaviours (DEBs) and attitudes among older adults with type 1 diabetes (T1D) and associations with demographic and clinical variables.
Methods: Adults aged ≥65 years with T1D from a university-affiliated hospital system completed an electronic survey (September to November 2023) including the Diabetes Eating Problem Survey-Revised (DEPS-R). Clinical data were extracted from medical records.
Amyotroph Lateral Scler Frontotemporal Degener
December 2024
Department of Neurology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.
ALSUntangled reviews alternate and off-label treatments prompted by patient interest. Here, we review psilocybin, a chemical derived from mushrooms and belonging in the category of drugs known as psychedelics. Psilocybin has plausible mechanisms for slowing ALS progression because of its ability to cross the blood brain barrier and effect neurogenesis and inflammation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCell Rep
December 2024
Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Curriculum in Genetics and Molecular Biology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA. Electronic address:
The molecular underpinnings of high-grade endometrial carcinoma (HGEC) metastatic growth and survival are poorly understood. Here, we show that ascites-derived and primary tumor HGEC cell lines in 3D spheroid culture faithfully recapitulate key features of malignant peritoneal effusion and exhibit fundamentally distinct transcriptomic, proteomic, and metabolomic landscapes compared with conventional 2D monolayers. Using a genetic screening platform, we identify MAPK14 (which encodes the protein kinase p38α) as a specific requirement for HGEC in spheroid culture.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGenetics
December 2024
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA.
Acetaldehyde is the primary metabolite of alcohol and is present in many environmental sources including tobacco smoke. Acetaldehyde is genotoxic, whereby it can form DNA adducts and lead to mutagenesis. Individuals with defects in acetaldehyde clearance pathways have increased susceptibility to alcohol-associated cancers.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBipolar Disord
December 2024
Institute for Mental and Behavioral Health Research, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Division of Child and Family Psychiatry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA.
Nutr Metab (Lond)
December 2024
Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajii-Cho, Kawaramachi-Hirokoji, Kamigyo-Ku, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan.
Background: This study aimed to explore the relationship between ultra-processed foods (UPFs) consumption and gut microbiota in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D).
Methods: This cross-sectional study included 362 participants with T2D. UPFs consumption was assessed using a brief-type self-administered diet history questionnaire, quantified as the density of UPFs intake (g/1000 kcal).
BMC Health Serv Res
December 2024
Department of Population Health Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA.
Background: After release from incarceration, individuals are rarely connected to primary care or to social services despite bearing a disproportionate burden of poor health (e.g., chronic illness) and structural determinants of health (e.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBMC Health Serv Res
December 2024
Department of Family Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
Despite a growing awareness that primary care is essential to an accessible, equitable, high-quality, cost-effective health care system, family medicine research remains woefully underdeveloped. The increased focus of both state and federal policy makers on primary care payment and care delivery models presents an opportunity for family medicine to redefine itself as an academically rigorous discipline at the forefront of generating evidence that improves patient care and population health while reducing costs. In a critical review of the literature, we identified five themes-leadership, funding, resources, team science, and departmental culture-that are integral to family medicine departments seeking to grow and expand their research capacity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBMC Pregnancy Childbirth
December 2024
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
Background: Respectful, equitable, and supportive health care team interactions with patients and their companions are a key part of quality health care services. Despite the importance of communication and other aspects of engagement during inpatient postpartum care, little is known about how care is experienced during this period from families' perspectives.
Methods: This study collected video and audio data with 15 birthing families (n = 9 English-speaking and n = 6 Spanish-speaking) and their health care team members during inpatient postpartum care in a southeastern United States academic medical center.
Behav Brain Res
December 2024
Department of Psychology & Neuroscience, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599. Electronic address:
Affective processing is important for guiding behavior and its dysfunction can lead to several psychiatric illnesses, including depression and substance use disorders. Conditioned taste aversion (CTA) is used to study learned shifts in affect, and taste reactivity (TR) can effectively track the hedonic properties of appetitive and aversive tastants before and after CTA. While the infralimbic cortex (IL) and its projections to the nucleus accumbens (NAc) shell play a key role in learned negative affect, this role is unique to males.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnn Thorac Surg
December 2024
Ascension Saint Thomas Hospital, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Division of Thoracic Surgery, Nashville, TN.
Objective: With robotic technology's rapid growth and integration, an urgent need to bridge the educational gap in thoracic surgical training has emerged. This document, a result of consensus among a group of experts in the practice and training of robotic surgery from the Society of Thoracic Surgeons (STS), aims to provide a framework for a standardized national robotic curriculum for thoracic surgery trainees.
Methods: The STS Task Force on Robotic Thoracic Surgery and Workforce on E-learning and Educational Innovation assembled an expert group with the input of the Thoracic Surgery Director's Association (TSDA).
Ann Oncol
December 2024
Lineberger Comprehensive Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA; Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA. Electronic address:
Background: In HER2+ early breast cancer (EBC), we investigated tumor and immune changes during neoadjuvant treatment and their impact on residual disease (RD) biology and prognostic implications across 4 neoadjuvant studies of trastuzumab with or without lapatinib, and with or without chemotherapy: CALGB 40601, PAMELA, NeoALTTO and NSABP B-41.
Patients And Methods: We compared tumor and immune gene expression changes during neoadjuvant treatment and their association with with event-free survival (EFS) by uni- and multivariable Cox regression models in different cohorts and timepoints: 452 RD samples at baseline including 169 with a paired RD, and biomarker changes during neoadjuvant therapy, evaluating model performance via the c-index.
Results: Analysis of 169 paired tumor samples revealed a shift in intrinsic subtype proportions from HER2-Enriched at baseline (50.
Environ Int
December 2024
Center on the Early Life Origins of Disease, Department of Population, Family and Reproductive Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA. Electronic address:
Background: Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are a class of widespread persistent chemicals, which may have obesogenic effects during the fetal period. This study investigated the long-term association of maternal plasma PFAS concentrations at delivery and their mixture with child body mass index (BMI) and the risk of Overweight or Obesity (OWO) at the age of 2-18 years.
Methods: The study included 1189 mother-child dyads from the prospective Boston Birth Cohort.
Epidemics
December 2024
Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
Background: The prevention and control of infectious disease outbreaks in carceral settings face unique challenges. Transmission modeling is a powerful tool for understanding and addressing these challenges, but reviews of modeling work in this context pre-date the proliferation of outbreaks in jails and prisons during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. We conducted a systematic review of studies using transmission models of respiratory infections in carceral settings before and during the pandemic.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJCO Oncol Pract
December 2024
Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY.
Purpose: Financial toxicity (FT) is increasingly recognized as a major issue in cancer care. We evaluated the prevalence and risk factors for FT in patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) and FT associations with treatment adherence and quality of life (QOL).
Methods: A screening questionnaire based on the Comprehensive Score for Financial Toxicity (COST) was implemented at our National Cancer Institute-designated comprehensive cancer center.
JMIR Cancer
December 2024
Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States.
Background: Young adults (ages 18-39 years) with cancer face unique risks for negative psychosocial outcomes. These risks could be lessened with positive psychology interventions adapted for social media if intervention messages encourage intentions to do the activities and positive message reactions and if young adults with cancer perceive few downsides.
Objective: This study aimed to assess whether social media messages from evidence-based positive psychology interventions encouraged intentions to do the intervention activities and intended positive message reactions, overall and among sociodemographic or cancer characteristic subgroups.
Sci Adv
December 2024
The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT, USA.
Deep learning algorithms can extract meaningful diagnostic features from biomedical images, promising improved patient care in digital pathology. Vision Transformer (ViT) models capture long-range spatial relationships and offer robust prediction power and better interpretability for image classification tasks than convolutional neural network models. However, limited annotated biomedical imaging datasets can cause ViT models to overfit, leading to false predictions due to random noise.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFProc Natl Acad Sci U S A
December 2024
Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599.
Adaptor protein complex-3 (AP-3) mediates cargo sorting from endosomes to lysosomes and lysosome-related organelles. Recently, it was shown that AP-3 adopts a constitutively open conformation compared to the related AP-1 and AP-2 coat complexes, which are inactive until undergoing large conformational changes upon membrane recruitment. How AP-3 is regulated is therefore an open question.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPLoS One
December 2024
Department of Cell Biology & Physiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States of America.
Atherosclerotic disease is the leading cause of death world-wide. Our goal was to explore the effect of phytocannabinoids on the molecular mechanisms triggering the development of the atheromatous lesion. Three cannabis sativa extracts of different chemotypes were chemically characterized by UPLC-DAD.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJAMA Netw Open
December 2024
Pet Poison Helpline/SafetyCall International LLC, Bloomington, Minnesota.
Bioconjug Chem
December 2024
Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States.
mRNA lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) are a powerful technology that are actively being investigated for their ability to prevent, treat, and study disease. However, a major limitation remains: achieving extrahepatic mRNA expression. The development of new carriers could enable the expression of mRNA in non-liver targets, thus expanding the utility of mRNA-based medicines.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Org Chem
December 2024
Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290, United States.
An acid-promoted dearomative rearrangement of -arylhydroxylamines affords 2-aminocyclohexadien-1-ones, which can in turn be reductively quenched for the synthesis of -aminoalcohols on a cyclohexadiene core. This method serves as an efficient entry to the pharmaceutically relevant 1-arylcyclohexylamine scaffold in two steps (one purification) from commercially available or readily prepared 2-arylphenols.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFChem Res Toxicol
December 2024
Curriculum in Toxicology & Environmental Medicine, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States of America.
Macrophages are professional phagocytic immune cells that, following activation, polarize on a spectrum between the proinflammatory M1 and the proresolution M2 states. Macrophages have further been demonstrated to retain plasticity, allowing for the reprogramming of their polarization states following exposure to new stimuli. Particulate matter (PM) has been repeatedly shown to modify macrophage function and polarization while also inducing worsening respiratory infection morbidity and mortality.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJCI Insight
December 2024
Center for Vaccine Innovation, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, California, USA.
T cells are involved in protective immunity against numerous viral infections. Data regarding functional roles of human T cells in SARS-CoV-2 (SARS2) viral clearance in primary COVID-19 are limited. To address this knowledge gap, we assessed samples for associations between SARS2 upper respiratory tract viral RNA levels and early virus-specific adaptive immune responses for 95 unvaccinated clinical trial participants with acute primary COVID-19 aged 18-86 years old, approximately half of whom were considered at high risk for progression to severe COVID-19.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMol Ther Methods Clin Dev
December 2024
Clinical Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27607, USA.
Non-infectious uveitis (NIU) is a painful recurrent disease affecting 2%-5% of horses. Current treatments require frequent administration with associated adverse events. In a previous study, intravitreal (IVT) adeno-associated virus (AAV) harboring equine interleukin-10 (eqIL-10) cDNA inhibited experimental uveitis in rats.
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