Gaps in Drug Dosing for Obese Children: A Systematic Review of Commonly Prescribed Emergency Care Medications.

Purpose: Approximately 1 of 6 children in the United States is obese. This has important implications for drug dosing and safety because pharmacokinetic (PK) changes are known to occur in obesity due to altered body composition and physiologic mechanisms. Inappropriate drug dosing in an emergency setting can limit therapeutic efficacy and increase drug-related toxic effects for obese children.

Inherited genetic variants associated with occurrence of multiple primary melanoma.

Recent studies, including genome-wide association studies, have identified several putative low-penetrance susceptibility loci for melanoma. We sought to determine their generalizability to genetic predisposition for multiple primary melanoma in the international population-based Genes, Environment, and Melanoma (GEM) Study. GEM is a case-control study of 1,206 incident cases of multiple primary melanoma and 2,469 incident first primary melanoma participants as the control group.

The SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth study: rationale, findings, and future directions.

The SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth (SEARCH) study was initiated in 2000, with funding from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and support from the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, to address major knowledge gaps in the understanding of childhood diabetes. SEARCH is being conducted at five sites across the U.S.

Review of multicenter studies by multiple institutional review boards: characteristics and outcomes for perinatal studies implemented by a multicenter network.

Objective: The objective of the study was to describe characteristics and outcomes of a review of multisite perinatal studies by individual institutional review boards (IRBs) and identify barriers and opportunities for streamlined IRB review.

Study Design: We compared the review of 5 collaborative protocols by individual IRBs at National Perinatal Research Consortium centers from 2007 through 2012. Three randomized trials, 1 observational study, and 1 follow-up study of a trial were selected.

Trends in incidence of type 1 diabetes among non-Hispanic white youth in the U.S., 2002-2009.

The SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth Study prospectively identified youth aged <20 years with physician-diagnosed diabetes. Annual type 1 diabetes (T1D) incidence per 100,000 person-years (95% CI) overall, by age-group, and by sex were calculated for at-risk non-Hispanic white (NHW) youth from 2002 through 2009. Joinpoint and Poisson regression models were used to test for temporal trends.

Vitamin D status and recurrent preterm birth: a nested case-control study in high-risk women.

Objective: To determine whether vitamin D status is associated with recurrent preterm birth, and any interactions between vitamin D levels and fish consumption.

Design: A nested case-control study, using data from a randomised trial of omega-3 fatty acid supplementation to prevent recurrent preterm birth.

Setting: Fourteen academic health centres in the USA.

The genome architecture of the Collaborative Cross mouse genetic reference population.

The Collaborative Cross Consortium reports here on the development of a unique genetic resource population. The Collaborative Cross (CC) is a multiparental recombinant inbred panel derived from eight laboratory mouse inbred strains. Breeding of the CC lines was initiated at multiple international sites using mice from The Jackson Laboratory.

A conceptual framework for future research on mode of delivery.

Our goal was to develop a comprehensive conceptual research framework on mode of delivery and to identify research priorities in this topic area through a Delphi process. We convened a multidisciplinary team of 16 experts (North Carolina Collaborative on Mode of Delivery) representing the fields of obstetrics and gynecology, neonatology, midwifery, epidemiology, psychometrics, decision sciences, bioethics, health care engineering, health economics, health disparities, and women's studies. We finalized the conceptual framework after multiple iterations, including revisions during a one-day in-person conference.