Neonatal Morbidities, Neurodevelopmental Impairments, and Positive Health among Children Surviving Birth before 32 Weeks of Gestation.

Objectives: To evaluate positive health outcomes among children born at < 32 weeks of gestation and to determine whether children with three common neonatal morbidities and 2 neurodevelopmental impairments would have similar positive health outcomes to children and adolescents without these exposures and impairments.

Study Design: In this secondary analysis of prospectively acquired data derived from 3 multicenter cohorts of children born very preterm (the Extremely Low Gestational Age Newborn cohort [birth years 2001 to 2004], the Neurobehavior And Outcomes in Very Preterm Infants cohort [birth years 2014 to 2016], and the Developmental Impact of Neurobehavior And Outcomes in Very Preterm Infants Exposures cohort [birth years 2010 to 2020]), we examined associations between the 3 common neonatal morbidities (bronchopulmonary dysplasia, necrotizing enterocolitis, and intraventricular hemorrhage, diagnosed before hospital discharge), 2 neurodevelopmental impairments (developmental delays and cerebral palsy, diagnosed at preschool age follow-up), and perceptions of physical, mental, and social well-being (in either early childhood or adolescence), using the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System scales for positive health.

Results: After adjusting for confounders, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, intraventricular hemorrhage, and cerebral palsy were associated with lower positive health scores, reported by parent-proxy during early childhood.

AAIM Recommendations for the 2020-2021 Internal Medicine Residency Application Cycle in Response to the COVID-19 Pandemic.

This statement was released in June 2020 by the Alliance for Academic Internal Medicine to provide guidance for the 2020-2021 residency application cycle in light of the COVID-19 pandemic. While many of the recommendations are specific to this cycle, others, such as the Department Summary Letter of Evaluation, are meant to be an enduring change to the internal medicine residency application process. AAIM realizes that some schools may not yet have the tools or resources to implement the template fully this cycle and look toward collaboration within the internal medicine education community to facilitate adoption in the cycles to come.

MIST1, an Inductive Signal for Salivary Amylase in Mesenchymal Stem Cells.

Sjögren's syndrome (SjS) is an autoimmune disease that destroys the salivary glands and results in severe dry mouth. Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) transplantation has been recently proposed as a promising therapy for restoring cells in multiple degenerative diseases. We have recently utilized advanced proteomics biochemical assays to identify the key molecules involved in the mesenchymal-epithelial transition (MET) of co-cultured mouse bone-marrow-derived MSCs mMSCs with primary salivary gland cells.

Improvements in lung function with umeclidinium/vilanterol versus fluticasone propionate/salmeterol in patients with moderate-to-severe COPD and infrequent exacerbations.

Background: Umeclidinium (UMEC; long-acting muscarinic antagonist [LAMA])/vilanterol (VI; long-acting beta2-agonist [LABA]) and fluticasone propionate/salmeterol (FP/SAL) (inhaled corticosteroid/LABA) are approved maintenance therapies for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Two studies compared efficacy and safety of UMEC/VI with FP/SAL in patients with moderate-to-severe COPD with no exacerbations in the previous year.

Methods: In these 12-week, multicenter, double-blind, parallel-group, double-dummy trials, randomized (1:1) patients received once-daily UMEC/VI 62.

Erlotinib in African Americans with advanced non-small cell lung cancer: a prospective randomized study with genetic and pharmacokinetic analyses.

Prospective studies on epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibitors in African Americans with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) have not previously been performed. In this phase II randomized study, 55 African Americans with NSCLC received 150 mg/day erlotinib or a body weight-adjusted dose with subsequent escalations to the maximum-allowable dose, 200 mg/day, to achieve rash. Erlotinib and OSI-420 exposures were lower than those observed in previous studies, consistent with CYP3A pharmacogenetics implying higher metabolic activity.

Efficacy and safety of once-daily umeclidinium/vilanterol 62.5/25 mcg in COPD.

Study Objective: To examine the efficacy and safety of the once-daily, inhaled, long-acting muscarinic antagonist/β2-agonist combination umeclidinium/vilanterol (UMEC/VI) compared with UMEC and VI monotherapies in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).

Methods: In this 24-week, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group study (ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT01313650) eligible patients were randomised 3:3:3:2 to treatment with UMEC/VI 62.

A randomized, double-blind dose-ranging study of the novel LAMA GSK573719 in patients with COPD.

Background: This study evaluated the dose-response and dosing interval of the novel long-acting muscarinic receptor antagonist (LAMA) GSK573719 in patients with COPD.

Methods: This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, 3-way cross-over, incomplete block study evaluated 5 once-daily doses of GSK573719 (62.5-1000 μg), 3 twice-daily doses (62.