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University of North Carolina (UNC) Scho... Publications | LitMetric

43 results match your criteria: "University of North Carolina (UNC) School of Medicine[Affiliation]"

Global view of haematolymphoid tumor classifications and their application in low- and middle-income countries.

Histopathology

January 2025

Assistance-Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Université Paris Cité and Onco-Hematology Laboratory, Necker-Enfants Malades Hospital, Paris, France.

The accurate diagnosis of haematolymphoid malignancies is crucial for effective cancer care, but major obstacles to diagnosis exist in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). This article explores the global applicability of current haematolymphoid classification systems, which are predominantly derived from data generated in high-income countries (HICs). Although disproportionately burdened with poor cancer outcomes, LMICs are generally faced with limited diagnostic resources, suboptimal access to therapeutics, and inadequate healthcare infrastructure.

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Recruitment of Residents to Rural Programs: Early Outcomes From Cohort 1 of the Rural Residency Planning and Development Grants Program.

J Grad Med Educ

August 2024

is Professor, Department of Family Medicine, UNC School of Medicine, and Associate Professor of Clinical Education, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA.

To address rural physician workforce shortages, the Health Resources and Services Administration funded multiple Rural Residency Planning and Development (RRPD) awards, beginning in 2019, to develop rural residency programs in needed specialties. To describe early resident recruitment outcomes of the RRPD grants program. A cross-sectional survey of program directors or administrators of these 25 new rural residency training programs across the United States was administered at RRPD award conclusion in 2022.

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Native American myopathy (NAM, also known as STAC3 disorder) (OMIM 255995) is an ultra-rare genetic disease impacting multiple body systems. The quality of life and caregiver burden associated with this condition remain poorly characterized. In this study, the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory and a survey comprised of de novo questions concerning genetic testing, counseling, and caregiver burden were employed to investigate the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in patients and caregivers with NAM.

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Article Synopsis
  • - The text discusses a patient who has both X-Linked Hypophosphatemia (XLH) and an inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (IMT) in the bladder.
  • - This case raises questions about the potential connection between XLH and IMT, exploring whether the two conditions can be explained by a single underlying cause (Occam's Razor) or if they are coincidental occurrences (Hickam's Dictum).
  • - The situation encourages further investigation into the relationship between these two medical conditions.
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N6-Methyladenosine (m6A) is the most abundant posttranscriptional modification, and its contribution to cancer evolution has recently been appreciated. Renal cancer is the most common adult genitourinary cancer, approximately 85% of which is accounted for by the clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) subtype characterized by VHL loss. However, it is unclear whether VHL loss in ccRCC affects m6A patterns.

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Introduction/background: Phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) genomic deletions and transmembrane protease, serine 2/v-ets avian erthyroblastosis virus E26 oncogene homolog (ERG) rearrangements are two of the most common genetic abnormalities associated with prostate cancer. Prior studies have demonstrated these alterations portend worse clinical outcomes. Our objective is to evaluate the impact of biopsy-determined PTEN losses and TMPRSS2-ERG fusion on biochemical progression-free survival (bPFS) and overall survival (OS) in patients who receive SBRT for localized prostate cancer.

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A histone deacetylase network regulates epigenetic reprogramming and viral silencing in HIV-infected cells.

Cell Chem Biol

December 2023

Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina (UNC) School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27514, USA; University of North Carolina HIV Cure Center, Institute of Global Health and Infectious Diseases, Chapel Hill, NC 27514, USA. Electronic address:

A long-lived latent reservoir of HIV-1-infected CD4 T cells persists with antiretroviral therapy and prevents cure. We report that the emergence of latently infected primary CD4 T cells requires the activity of histone deacetylase enzymes HDAC1/2 and HDAC3. Data from targeted HDAC molecules, an HDAC3-directed PROTAC, and CRISPR-Cas9 knockout experiments converge on a model where either HDAC1/2 or HDAC3 targeting can prevent latency, whereas all three enzymes must be targeted to achieve latency reversal.

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Risk of disease transmission to patients from "contaminated" surgical instruments and immediate use steam sterilization.

Am J Infect Control

November 2023

Statewide Program for Infection Control and Epidemiology, University of North Carolina (UNC) School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC; Division of Infectious Diseases, UNC School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC; Infection Prevention, University of North Carolina Medical Center, Chapel Hill, NC.

Background: There are several sources of pathogens that cause surgical site infections (SSI) to include the patients endogenous microflora and exogenous sources (e.g., air, surfaces, staff, surgical equipment).

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Disinfection and sterilization: New technologies.

Am J Infect Control

November 2023

Statewide Program for Infection Control and Epidemiology, University of North Carolina (UNC) School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC; Division of Infectious Diseases, UNC School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC; Infection Prevention, University of North Carolina Medical Center, Chapel Hill, NC.

Background: Adherence to professional guidelines and/or manufacturer's instructions for use regarding proper disinfection and sterilization of medical devices is crucial to preventing cross transmission of pathogens between patients. Emerging pathogens (e.g.

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Article Synopsis
  • Scientists found special cells called stem/progenitors in pigs and humans that help the liver and pancreas heal after birth.
  • These cells are mostly located in certain areas, like Brunner's Glands and pancreatic ducts, and have unique traits that show they can turn into different types of cells.
  • Pigs are good for research because their stem/progenitors can be used in studies to help with liver and pancreas problems in humans.
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Background: Accelerometry has been used to evaluate activity in dogs with osteoarthritis (OA) pain, especially in relation to effect of treatment; however no studies have compared accelerometry-measured activity in dogs with OA-pain and healthy dogs. The aims of this study were to (1) compare activity output from the PetPace collar with the validated Actical monitor and (2) determine if PetPace collar outputs (overall activity, activity levels, body position, and vital signs) differed between healthy dogs and dogs with OA-pain.

Methods: This was an observational, non-interventional study in healthy dogs and dogs with OA-pain.

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Pain management for cats with degenerative joint disease (DJD) remains a critical unmet need. Recent work has shown promise for a feline-specific anti-nerve growth factor monoclonal antibody (frunevetmab) to deliver safe and effective pain management. Our objectives were to evaluate the efficacy and safety of frunevetmab administered twice using two administration routes (subcutaneous and intravenous) compared to placebo.

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Cultivating Healthy Governance in Rural Programs.

J Grad Med Educ

April 2021

is Executive Dean and William B. Aycock Distinguished Professor, Department of Family Medicine, UNC School of Medicine.

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Purpose: A common denial trend that occurs with "outpatient medical benefit drugs" (ie, medications covered by a medical benefit plan and administered in an outpatient visit) is payers not requiring or permitting prior authorization (PA) proactively, yet denying the drug after administration for medical necessity. In this situation, a preemptive strategy of complying with payer-mandated requirements is critical for revenue protection. To address this need, our institution incorporated a medical necessity review into its existing closed-loop, pharmacy-managed precertification and denials management program.

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Hospital readmissions are common and often preventable, leading to unnecessary burden on patients, families, and the health care system. The purpose of this descriptive communication is to share the impact of an interdisciplinary, outpatient clinic-based care transition intervention on clinical, organizational, and financial outcomes. Compared to usual care, the care transition intervention decreased the median time to Internal Medicine Clinic (IMC) or any clinic follow-up visit by 5 and 4 days, respectively.

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Background: Dialysis care often focuses on outcomes that are of lesser importance to patients than to clinicians. There is growing international interest in individualizing care based on patient priorities, but evidence-based approaches are lacking. The objective of this study was to develop a person-centered dialysis care planning program.

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A Financial Model for Team-Based Opioid Use Disorder Treatment.

J Am Board Fam Med

April 2021

From the Mountain Area Health Education Center (MAHEC), Asheville, NC (MF, ZW, SH); University of North Carolina (UNC) School of Medicine Chapel Hill, NC (SH, EBF, CGW); Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Foundation, Atlanta, GA (EBF); UNC Health Sciences at MAHEC Asheville, NC (EBF, CGW); UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, Chapel Hill, NC (CGW).

Introduction: Opioid use disorder (OUD) affects 2 million Americans, yet many patients do not receive treatment. Lack of team-based care is a common barrier for office-based opioid treatment (OBOT). In 2015, we started OBOT in a family medicine practice.

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Background: Despite international recommendations, coverage of syphilis testing in pregnant women and treatment of those found seropositive remains limited in sub-Saharan Africa. We assessed whether combining the provision of supplies with a behavioural intervention was more effective than providing supplies only, to improve syphilis screening and treatment during antenatal care.

Methods: In this 18-month, cluster randomised controlled trial, we randomly assigned (1:1) 26 urban antenatal care clinics in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo, and Lusaka, Zambia, to receive a behavioural intervention (opinion leader selection, academic detailing visits, reminders, audits and feedback, and supportive supervision) plus supplies for syphilis testing and treatment (intervention group) or to receive supplies only (control group).

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Patient-reported outcome measures in urology.

Curr Opin Urol

July 2017

aDepartment of Urology, University of North Carolina (UNC) School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina bDepartment of Urology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA cDepartment of Urology, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada dUNC Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, Chapel Hill, North Carolina eVeterans Affairs Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, California fOlive View-UCLA Medical Center, Sylmar, California gDepartment of Family Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA.

Purpose Of Review: Many urologic treatments have similar clinical outcomes, necessitating alternative methods to discriminate between options. Patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) have become the new standard for evaluating the patient experience, and their use has drastically increased over the past decade. The purpose of this review is to discuss the status of PROMs in urology, highlight commonly used tools and address their future direction.

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Genomic profiles of low-grade murine gliomas evolve during progression to glioblastoma.

Neuro Oncol

September 2017

Curriculum in Genetics and Molecular Biology, Pathobiology and Translational Science Graduate Program, Division of Neuropathology, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Carolina Institute for Developmental Disabilities and Department of Genetics, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, Neurosciences Center, and Department of Neurology, University of North Carolina (UNC) School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina;Cancer & Cell Biology Division, Translational Genomics Institute (TGen), Phoenix, Arizona.

Background: Gliomas are diverse neoplasms with multiple molecular subtypes. How tumor-initiating mutations relate to molecular subtypes as these tumors evolve during malignant progression remains unclear.

Methods: We used genetically engineered mouse models, histopathology, genetic lineage tracing, expression profiling, and copy number analyses to examine how genomic tumor diversity evolves during the course of malignant progression from low- to high-grade disease.

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Combination therapy with potent PI3K and MAPK inhibitors overcomes adaptive kinome resistance to single agents in preclinical models of glioblastoma.

Neuro Oncol

October 2017

Pathobiology and Translational Science Graduate Program, Departments of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Biology, Pharmacology, Genetics, Medicine, and Neurology, Divisions of Neuropathology and Hematology/Oncology, Curriculum in Genetics and Molecular Biology, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, Proteomics Core Facility, Neurosciences Center, Carolina Institute for Developmental Disabilities, and Biological and Biomedical Sciences Program, University of North Carolina (UNC) School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; Cancer & Cell Biology Division, TGen, Phoenix, Arizona; Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota; Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.

Background: Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common and aggressive primary brain tumor. Prognosis remains poor despite multimodal therapy. Developing alternative treatments is essential.

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Graduates' Perceptions of Learning Affordances in Longitudinal Integrated Clerkships: A Dual-Institution, Mixed-Methods Study.

Acad Med

September 2017

R.A. Latessa is director and assistant dean, University of North Carolina (UNC) School of Medicine-Asheville Longitudinal Integrated Clerkships Program, Asheville, North Carolina, and professor of family medicine, UNC School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina. R.A. Swendiman is a general surgery resident, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. A.B. Parlier is a research project coordinator, Center for Research at Mountain Area Health Education Center, Asheville, North Carolina. S.L. Galvin is director of research, Center for Research at Mountain Area Health Education Center, Asheville, North Carolina, and adjunct assistant professor, Department of Obstetrics/Gynecology, UNC School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina. D.A. Hirsh is director, Harvard Medical School Cambridge Integrated Clerkship, Cambridge Health Alliance, Cambridge, Massachusetts, director, Harvard Medical School Academy Medical Education Fellowship, and associate professor of medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.

Purpose: The authors explored affordances that contribute to participants' successful learning in longitudinal integrated clerkships (LICs).

Method: This dual-institutional, mixed-methods study included electronic surveys and semistructured interviews of LIC graduates who completed their core clinical (third) year of medical school. These LIC graduates took part in LICs at Harvard Medical School from 2004 to 2013 and the University of North Carolina School of Medicine-Asheville campus from 2009 to 2013.

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