Physical Activity Is Associated with Improved Overall Survival among Patients with Metastatic Colorectal Cancer.

Regular physical activity (PA) is associated with improved overall survival (OS) in stage I-III colorectal cancer (CRC) patients. This association is less defined in patients with metastatic CRC (mCRC). We therefore conducted a study in mCRC patients participating in the Prospective Dutch Colorectal Cancer cohort.

Early Productive Vocabulary Composition as Precursor of Dyslexia.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to gain more insight into the linguistic characterization of dyslexia by investigating vocabulary acquisition. In a previous study, vocabulary at 17 months of age appeared to be related to familial risk (FR) of dyslexia. The aim of this study was to investigate how the differences in lexical composition further develop up to 3 years (35 months) of age and, more importantly, to what extent these differences can be considered specific precursors of dyslexia later on.

Real-time diagnostic accuracy of blue light imaging, linked color imaging and white-light endoscopy for colorectal polyp characterization.

Fujifilm has developed a novel ELUXEO 7000 endoscope system that employs light-emitting diodes (LEDs) at four different wavelengths as light sources that enable blue light imaging (BLI), linked color imaging (LCI), and high-definition white-light endoscopy (HD-WLE). The aim of this study was to address the diagnostic accuracy of real-time polyp characterization using BLI, LCI and HD-WLE (ELUXEO 7000 endoscopy system). This is a prespecified post-hoc analysis of a prospective study in which 22 experienced endoscopists (> 2,000 colonoscopies) from eight international centers participated.

Pyronaridine-artesunate or dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine combined with single low-dose primaquine to prevent malaria transmission in Ouélessébougou, Mali: a four-arm, single-blind, phase 2/3, randomised trial.

Background: Pyronaridine-artesunate is the most recently licensed artemisinin-based combination therapy. WHO has recommended that a single low dose of primaquine could be added to artemisinin-based combination therapies to reduce transmission in areas aiming for elimination of malaria or areas facing artemisinin resistance. We aimed to determine the efficacy of pyronaridine-artesunate and dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine with and without single low-dose primaquine for reducing gametocyte density and transmission to mosquitoes.

Medical Specialists' Perspectives on the Influence of Electronic Medical Record Use on the Quality of Hospital Care: Semistructured Interview Study.

Background: Numerous publications show that electronic medical records (EMRs) may make an important contribution to increasing the quality of care. There are indications that particularly the medical specialist plays an important role in the use of EMRs in hospitals.

Objective: The aim of this study was to examine how, and by which aspects, the relationship between EMR use and the quality of care in hospitals is influenced according to medical specialists.

Trajectories of health-related quality of life and psychological distress in patients with colorectal cancer: A population-based study.

Background: The aim of this nationwide cohort study was to examine the course of symptoms and trajectories of health-related quality of life (HR-QoL) and psychological distress during follow-up and to identify vulnerable patients.

Methods: Patients with pathological stage I-III colorectal cancer (CRC) between 2013 and 2018 were included. Baseline characteristics were collected from the Netherlands Cancer Registry, and patients completed the European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer QLQ-C30/CR29, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale and low anterior resection syndrome (LARS) questionnaires at the baseline and subsequently at 3, 6, 12, 18 and 24 months.

Dye-Based Chromoendoscopy in Patients With Lynch Syndrome: An Individual Patient Data Meta-Analysis of Randomized Trials.

Introduction: The additional diagnostic value of dye-based chromoendosocpy (CE) for surveillance of patients with Lynch syndrome is subject of debate.

Methods: To clarify this debate, we performed an individual patient data meta-analysis of randomized studies that compared CE with WLE for the detection of adenomas in patients with Lynch syndrome.

Results: Three randomized studies comprising 533 patients were included.

Guidance for setting easy-to-adopt competence criteria for optical diagnosis of diminutive colorectal polyps: a simulation approach.

Background And Aims: One reason the optical diagnosis strategy for diminutive colorectal polyps has not yet been implemented is that the current competence criteria (Preservation and Incorporation of Valuable Endoscopic Innovation [PIVI] initiative) are difficult to use in daily practice. To provide guidance for setting alternative easy-to-adopt competence criteria, we determined the lowest proportion of diminutive polyps that should have a correct optical diagnosis to meet the PIVI.

Methods: For this simulation study, we used datasets from 2 prospectively collected cohorts of patients who underwent colonoscopy in either a primary colonoscopy or fecal immunochemical test (FIT) screening setting.

Persistent High Rate of Positive Margins and Postoperative Complications After Surgery for cT4 Rectal Cancer at a National Level.

Background: A more extensive resection is often required in locally advanced rectal cancer, depending on preoperative neoadjuvant treatment response.

Objective: Circumferential margin involvement and postoperative outcomes after total mesorectal excision and multivisceral resection were assessed in patients with clinical locally advanced (cT4) rectal cancer at a national level.

Design: This is a population-based study.

The impact of anti-mould prophylaxis on Aspergillus PCR blood testing for the diagnosis of invasive aspergillosis.

Background: The performance of the galactomannan enzyme immunoassay (GM-EIA) is impaired in patients receiving mould-active antifungal therapy. The impact of mould-active antifungal therapy on Aspergillus PCR testing needs to be determined.

Objectives: To determine the influence of anti-mould prophylaxis (AMP) on the performance of PCR blood testing to aid the diagnosis of proven/probable invasive aspergillosis (IA).

Design of a health-economic Markov model to assess cost-effectiveness and budget impact of the prevention and treatment of depressive disorder.

: To describe the design of 'DepMod,' a health-economic Markov model for assessing cost-effectiveness and budget impact of user-defined preventive interventions and treatments in depressive disorders.: DepMod has an epidemiological layer describing how a cohort of people can transition between health states (sub-threshold depression, first episode of mild, moderate or severe depression (partial) remission, recurrence, death). Superimposed on the epidemiological layer, DepMod has an intervention layer consisting of a reference scenario and alternative scenario comparing the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of a user-defined package of preventive interventions and psychological and pharmacological treatments of depression.

Quantitative tooth wear analysis of index teeth compared to complete dentition.

Objectives: Recent software advancements have facilitated quantification of erosive tooth wear progression using intraoral scans. This paper investigated if wear on commonly affected surfaces (central incisors and first molars) was representative of wear on the full arch.

Methods: Bimaxillary digital intraoral scans (True Definition, 3 M, USA) of patients (n = 30) from the monitoring arm of the Radboud Tooth Wear Project, were taken at baseline and at 3 years (+/-10months).

Possible Lightest Ξ Hypernucleus with Modern ΞN Interactions.

Experimental evidence exists that the Ξ-nucleus interaction is attractive. We search for NNΞ and NNNΞ bound systems on the basis of the AV8 NN potential combined with either a phenomenological Nijmegen ΞN potential or a first principles HAL QCD ΞN potential. The binding energies of the three-body and four-body systems (below the d+Ξ and ^{3}H/^{3}He+Ξ thresholds, respectively) are calculated by a high precision variational approach, the Gaussian expansion method.

Stress Exposure and the Course of ADHD from Childhood to Young Adulthood: Comorbid Severe Emotion Dysregulation or Mood and Anxiety Problems.

Background: Compared to typically developing individuals, individuals with attention-deficit-hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are on average more often exposed to stressful conditions (e.g., school failure, family conflicts, financial problems).

How Substitutional Point Defects in Two-Dimensional WS Induce Charge Localization, Spin-Orbit Splitting, and Strain.

Control of impurity concentrations in semiconducting materials is essential to device technology. Because of their intrinsic confinement, the properties of two-dimensional semiconductors such as transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) are more sensitive to defects than traditional bulk materials. The technological adoption of TMDs is dependent on the mitigation of deleterious defects and guided incorporation of functional foreign atoms.

The Personalized Parkinson Project: examining disease progression through broad biomarkers in early Parkinson's disease.

Background: Our understanding of the etiology, pathophysiology, phenotypic diversity, and progression of Parkinson's disease has stagnated. Consequently, patients do not receive the best care, leading to unnecessary disability, and to mounting costs for society. The Personalized Parkinson Project (PPP) proposes an unbiased approach to biomarker development with multiple biomarkers measured longitudinally.

Omics analyses of potato plant materials using an improved one-class classification tool to identify aberrant compositional profiles in risk assessment procedures.

The objective of this study was to quantitatively assess potato omics profiles of new varieties for meaningful differences from analogous profiles of commercial varieties through the SIMCA one-class classification model. Analytical profiles of nine commercial potato varieties, eleven experimental potato varieties, one GM potato variety that had acquired Phytophtora resistance based on a single insert with potato-derived DNA sequences, and its non-GM commercial counterpart were generated. The ten conventional varieties were used to construct the one-class model.

Fabrication of Self-Propelled Micro- and Nanomotors Based on Janus Structures.

Delicate molecular and biological motors are tiny machines capable of achieving numerous vital tasks in biological processes. To gain a deeper understanding of their mechanism of motion, researchers from multiple backgrounds have designed and fabricated artificial micro- and nanomotors. These nano-/microscale motors can self-propel in solution by exploiting different sources of energy; thus showing tremendous potential in widespread applications.

Structural Distortion of Cycloalkynes Influences Cycloaddition Rates both by Strain and Interaction Energies.

The reactivities of 2-butyne, cycloheptyne, cyclooctyne, and cyclononyne in the 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reaction with methyl azide were evaluated through DFT calculations at the M06-2X/6-311++G(d)//M06-2X/6-31+G(d) level of theory. Computed activation free energies for the cycloadditions of cycloalkynes are 16.5-22.

Magnetic resonance imaging in patients with cardiac implantable electronic devices.

In recent years the prevalence of implantation of a cardiac implantable electronic device (CIED) has increased due to expanding implantation indications and prolonged life expectancy. Diagnostic strategies increasingly employ magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to aid therapeutic strategies. In earlier guidelines, MRI was contra-indicated in patients with CIEDs, mainly due to previous reports of severe complications.

Is Human Auditory Cortex Organization Compatible With the Monkey Model? Contrary Evidence From Ultra-High-Field Functional and Structural MRI.

It is commonly assumed that the human auditory cortex is organized similarly to that of macaque monkeys, where the primary region, or "core," is elongated parallel to the tonotopic axis (main direction of tonotopic gradients), and subdivided across this axis into up to 3 distinct areas (A1, R, and RT), with separate, mirror-symmetric tonotopic gradients. This assumption, however, has not been tested until now. Here, we used high-resolution ultra-high-field (7 T) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to delineate the human core and map tonotopy in 24 individual hemispheres.

Association of Apathy With Risk of Incident Dementia: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Importance: Fear of dementia is pervasive in older people with cognitive concerns. Much research is devoted to finding prognostic markers for dementia risk. Studies suggest apathy in older people may be prodromal to dementia and could be a relevant, easily measurable predictor of increased dementia risk.

Synchronization of mother-infant feeding behavior.

In the weaning period, infants are introduced to solid food after being fed solely on milk, which involves a deliberate reorganization of the infant-caregiver feeding interaction. This multiple case study, involving 5 dyads with 10 repeated observations, analyzed its dynamical structure using Cross-Recurrence Quantification Analysis. The results showed that an optimal interaction occurs when the caregiver is leading by roughly 1-2 seconds.