Socioeconomic inequality in cervical cancer screening uptake among women in sub-Saharan Africa: a decomposition analysis of Demographic and Health Survey data.

Objective: To examine socioeconomic inequalities in the use of cervical cancer screening among women in sub-Saharan Africa.

Design: Secondary data from the Demographic and Health Survey data in sub-Saharan Africa.

Setting: Sub-Saharan Africa.

Management of central sleep apnoea: a review of non-hypercapnic causes.

Central sleep apnoea (CSA) is characterised by recurrent episodes of airway cessation or reduction in the absence of respiratory effort. Although CSA is less common than obstructive sleep apnoea, it shares similar symptoms. CSA can be secondary to various medical conditions, high altitude and medication exposure.

Preferences of people with chronic kidney disease regarding digital health interventions that promote healthy lifestyle: qualitative systematic review with meta-ethnography.

Objectives: Diet and physical activity are crucial for people with chronic kidney disease (CKD) to maintain good health. Digital health interventions can increase access to lifestyle services. However, consumers' perspectives are unclear, which may reduce the capacity to develop interventions that align with specific needs and preferences.

The impact of delayed diagnosis and treatment due to COVID-19 on Australian thyroid cancer patients: a qualitative interview study.

Objectives: The study aims to investigate the perceptions of patients with thyroid cancer on the potential impact of diagnosis and treatment delays during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Design: This study involved qualitative semi-structured telephone interviews. The interviews were transcribed verbatim, analysed using the thematic framework analysis method and reported using the Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research.

'. Dissemination and evaluation of a global health systems strengthening roadmap for musculoskeletal health - insights and future directions.

Actions towards the health-related Sustainable Development Goal 3.4 typically focus on non-communicable diseases (NCDs) associated with premature mortality, with less emphasis on NCDs associated with disability, such as musculoskeletal conditions-the leading contributor to the global burden of disability. A 'roadmap' for strengthening global health systems for improved musculoskeletal health was launched in 2021.

Changing landscape of paediatric refugee health in South Western Sydney, Australia: a retrospective observational study.

Objectives: To examine the changing health needs of refugee children and young people (CYP) entering Australia, in relation to key government policy changes.

Study Design: Retrospective analysis of health service use data over 11 years.

Setting: Paediatric refugee clinics in South Western Sydney (SWS), the Australian region with the largest annual resettlement of refugees.

Association of urinary sex hormones with mood and behavior changes in a community adolescent cohort.

Objective: To examine the contribution of variation in sex hormone excretion to mood and behavioral changes in adolescent females and males.

Design: Prospective, longitudinal observational cohort study.

Methods: Participants were 342 volunteers aged 10-12 years living in rural Australia.

Live vaccines following intravenous immunoglobulin for Kawasaki disease: Are we vaccinating appropriately?

Aim: Australian and New Zealand guidelines recommend that live vaccines be postponed for 11 months after treatment of Kawasaki disease (KD) with intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG). We aimed to describe patterns of live-vaccine administration after KD treatment, focusing on the measles-mumps-rubella/measles-mumps-rubella-varicella (MMR/MMRV) vaccines, and to compare real-world practice with current recommendations.

Methods: We combined data from inpatient Electronic Health Records and the Australian Immunisation Register for all children who received IVIG for the treatment of KD under the age of 5 years at two Australian tertiary children's hospitals over a 12-year period.

Absolute cardiovascular risk assessment by Australian early-career general practitioners: a cross-sectional study.

Objective: To determine the prevalence and associations of general practice registrars' performing absolute cardio-vascular risk (ACVR) assessment (ACVRa).

Design: A cross-sectional study employing data (2017-2018) from the Registrar Clinical Encounters in Training project, an ongoing inception cohort study of Australian GP registrars. The outcome measure was whether an ACVRa was performed.

Integrated virtual medical consultations versus traditional clinic care in a public and a private outpatient service.

Objectives: The iConnect Care programme provided integrated 'virtual care' (VC) for patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) in the South Eastern Sydney Local Health District. VC is an alternative to outpatient care which expedites time to specialists' opinions and is safe. Comparing different outpatient care models is important to understand the role of telehealth and integrated care, especially following the COVID-19 pandemic.

Beliefs around help-Seeking and Support for Dementia in the Australian Arabic Speaking Community.

Background: The number of people with dementia in multicultural Australia is rapidly increasing. Despite its culturally diverse population, there is limited research about how people from ethnic minority groups understand and approach help-seeking and support for dementia. The aim of this study is to understand the perceptions of dementia symptoms, help-seeking and support in the Australian Arabic-speaking community.

Registry randomised trials: a methodological perspective.

Registry randomised clinical trials (RRCTs) have the potential to provide pragmatic answers to important clinical questions. RRCTs can be embedded into large population-based registries or smaller single site registries to provide timely answers at a reduced cost compared with traditional randomised controlled trials. RRCTs can take a number of forms in addition to the traditional individual-level randomised trial, including parallel group trials, platform or adaptive trials, cluster randomised trials and cluster randomised stepped-wedge trials.

Two siblings with non-classic P450scc deficiency resulted from a novel mutation in gene misdiagnosed as familial glucocorticoid deficiency.

P450scc deficiency due to gene mutations is a rare cause of primary adrenal insufficiency (PAI) in children. We reported two young siblings with PAI presented with hyperpigmentation. They were referred to our clinic with a diagnosis of familial glucocorticoid deficiency (FGD), another rare cause of PAI.

Patient uptake and outcomes following pharmacist-initiated referrals to general practitioners for asthma review.

Uptake and outcomes of pharmacist-initiated general practitioner (GP) referrals for patients with poorly controlled asthma were investigated. Pharmacists referred at-risk patients for GP assessment. Patients were categorized as action takers (consulted their GP on pharmacist's advice) or action avoiders (did not action the referral).

Hyperammonaemia syndrome in disseminated infection.

Hyperammonaemia syndrome secondary to spp. infection is well documented in the post-lung transplant population. We report a case of a man in his fifties with hyperammonaemia syndrome secondary to disseminated infection.

Factors influencing the translation of shared cancer follow-up care into clinical practice: a systematic review.

Background: The increasing incidence of cancer, coupled with improved survivorship, has increased demand for cancer follow-up care and the need to find alternative models of care. Shared cancer follow-up care in general practice is a safe option in terms of quality of life and cancer recurrence; however, there are barriers to translating this into practice. This review aimed to identify factors that influence the translation of shared cancer follow-up care into clinical practice.

Examining the discourse regarding the delivery of occupational infection prevention and control training to healthcare workers: a scoping review of pandemic plans of 23 countries.

Background: Over the years, countries reformed their pandemic plans but still healthcare systems were unprepared to handle the COVID-19 pandemic. Throughout the COVID-19 pandemic, healthcare workers (HCWs) raised issues around shortage of personal protective equipment (PPE), inadequate occupational infection prevention and control (IPC) training, lack of guidance regarding reuse/extended use of PPE and absence of HCWs.

Objective: The objective of this scoping review was to compare national and transnational pandemic plans and COVID-19 guidelines for the inclusion of recommendations regarding pandemic-specific occupational IPC training for HCWs, as well as strategies for managing the surge in PPE needs and staffing.

Impact of a standardised rapid response system on clinical outcomes of female patients: an interrupted time series approach.

Background: This study aimed to assess the impact of a standardised rapid response systems (the Between the Flags (BTF)) implemented across New South Wales (NSW), Australia, among female patients.

Methods: We conducted an interrupted time series (2007-2013) population-based linkage study including 5 114 170 female patient (≥18 years old) admissions in all 232 public hospitals in NSW. We studied changes in levels and trends of patient outcomes after BTF implementation among four age groups of female patients.

Rethinking Blood Testing in Pediatric Cancer Patients: A Quality Improvement Approach.

Introduction: The overuse of blood tests burdens the healthcare system and can detrimentally impact patient care. Risks of frequent blood sampling include infection and clinician-induced anemia, which can negatively impact patients and their families. Pediatric cancer patients are particularly vulnerable as they are immunocompromised with a small blood volume.