Caring for the Caregivers: Improving Mental Health among Health Professionals Using the Behavioral Health Professional Workforce Resilience ECHO Program.

Behavioral health professionals are at high risk for burnout and poor mental health. Our objective was to understand the impact of the Behavioral Health Providers Workforce Resiliency (BHPWR) ECHO Program on the resilience and burnout of participating behavioral health professionals. We assessed the first two years (March 2022 to March 2024) of the BHPWR ECHO, a national program operating from the University of New Mexico (N = 1585 attendees), using a mixed-methods design.

Surgical Necrotizing Enterocolitis and Spontaneous Intestinal Perforation Lead to Severe Growth Failure in Infants.

Objective: We aimed to determine the incidence of growth failure in infants with necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) or spontaneous intestinal perforation (SIP) and whether initial laparotomy versus peritoneal drainage (PD) impacted the likelihood of growth failure.

Summary Background Data: Infants with surgical NEC and SIP have high mortality, and most have neurodevelopmental impairment and poor growth. Existing literature on growth outcomes for these infants is limited.

COVID-19 Disease and Chronic Health Outcomes Associated with Nicotine Use in a Great Plains Tribal Community: A Community-Based Study.

Background: The Cheyenne River Sioux Tribe (CRST) is affected by high nicotine use and disease burden. Understanding nicotine exposure is important to recognize what groups may be at higher risk for negative health outcomes, including COVID-19.

Objective: To compare self-reported health outcomes and nicotine use between exclusive electronic cigarette (e-cig) users, users of combustible cigarettes, dual e-cig/cigarette users, and nonusers among adult residents on the CRST.

Predictive Validity of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics/American Society for Parental Nutrition Indicators to Diagnose Malnutrition and the Screening Tool for Risk on Nutritional Status and Growth among Hospitalized Children Relative to Medical Outcomes.

Objective: To evaluate predictive validity of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics/American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition Indicators to diagnose pediatric malnutrition (AAIMp) and the Screening Tool for Risk on Nutritional Status and Growth (STRONGkids) in regard to pediatric patient outcomes in US hospitals.

Study Design: A prospective cohort study (Clinical Trial Registry: NCT03928548) was completed from August 2019 through January 2023 with 27 pediatric hospitals or units from 18 US states and Washington DC.

Results: Three hundred and forty-five children were enrolled in the cohort (n = 188 in the AAIMp validation subgroup).

Bone Health ECHO Case Report: Orbital Inflammation after Zoledronate Infusion.

Prior to the initiation of intravenous bisphosphonate therapy for osteoporosis, the impact on ocular health is not routinely discussed with patients. This is due to the scarcity of data on the association between bisphosphonates and ocular side effects, resulting in lack of provider awareness to effectively counsel patients. Furthermore, there is little consensus among clinicians on the safety of re-challenging with intravenous bisphosphonate treatment following ocular complications.

Decision Regret in Patients with Appendiceal Cancer Undergoing Cytoreductive Surgery and Hyperthermic Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy.

Background: Decision regret is an emerging patient reported outcome. The aim of this study was to assess the incidence of regret in patients with appendiceal cancer (AC) who underwent cytoreductive surgery and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (CRS-HIPEC).

Patients And Methods: An anonymous survey was distributed to patients through the Appendix Cancer and Pseudomyxoma Peritonei (ACPMP) Research Foundation.

Evaluating combined effects of chronic, low-dose exposures of cadmium (CLEC) and hyperglycemia on insulin signaling dysfunction in a hepatocellular model.

The pathophysiological effects of chronic heavy metal exposures on human health remains uncertain. In this study, we developed a novel chronic, low-dose exposure of Cadmium (CLEC) model using the hepatocellular cell lines, HepG2 and HUH7. We modulated cell culture conditions to mimic human normoglycemic (5.

A Multigroup Structural Equation Modeling Approach for Analyzing Differences Among Sexually Diverse Youth.

High rates of negative behavioral health outcomes among sexually diverse (SD) youth are consistently documented, but population-level trends obscure within-group differences. Social dynamics intersect in youths' lives in ways that cannot be accounted for by summing their independent effects. An intersectional perspective is essential to understanding the behavioral health outcomes of SD youth.

Hepatitis C Virus Reinfection Among People Who Inject Drugs: Long-Term Follow-Up of the HERO Study.

Importance: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) reinfection after curative treatment remains a concern for people who inject drugs.

Objective: To assess the incidence of HCV reinfection and associated risk factors.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This cohort study is a secondary analysis of a randomized clinical trial that was conducted across opioid treatment programs and community health centers in the US between September 2016 and August 2018.

Patient Malnutrition Risk or Number of Initial Nutrition Intervention Categories Can Be Used to Develop Registered Dietitian Nutritionist Staffing Models in the Inpatient Adult and Pediatric Hospital Setting: A Cohort Study.

Background: More data are needed to guide evidence-based, inpatient registered dietitian nutritionist (RDN) staffing models.

Objective: Identify relationships between: 1) patient malnutrition risk or intervention categories and estimated total RDN care time ("care time"); and 2) care time and emergency department (ED) visits.

Design: This study was a prospective cohort study with data collection via RDN surveys, patient interviews, and medical record review.

The seasonal distribution of immune thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura is influenced by geography: Epidemiologic findings from a multi-center analysis of 719 disease episodes.

Prior studies have suggested that immune thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (iTTP) may display seasonal variation; however, methodologic limitations and sample sizes have diminished the ability to perform a rigorous assessment. This 5-year retrospective study assessed the epidemiology of iTTP and determined whether it displays a seasonal pattern. Patients with both initial and relapsed iTTP (defined as a disintegrin and metalloprotease with thrombospondin type motifs 13 activity <10%) from 24 tertiary centers in Australia, Canada, France, Greece, Italy, Spain, and the US were included.

Expanding Hepatitis C Virus Treatment in the New Mexico State Prison System: Using the ECHO Model for Provider and Prison Peer Education.

It is critical to address hepatitis C virus (HCV) in carceral settings to achieve worldwide elimination of the virus. We describe New Mexico's (NM) experience expanding HCV treatment in state prisons, supplemented with Project ECHO (ECHO; virtual mentorship through guided practice) and the NM Peer Education Program (NMPEP). We describe how using these programs may be a model for expanding treatment in prisons globally.

HIV knowledge and protective factors among racial-ethnic minority youth: Moderation by Ethnic identity and LGBQ+ identity.

Due to systemic racism and homophobia, Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Queer (LGBQ+) youth of color are disproportionately affected by HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) / AIDS (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome) and viral hepatitis (VH). Innovative approaches that acknowledge strengths such as ethnic identity need to be examined to understand specific protective factors that can support LGBQ+ youth of color. This study aimed to examine the moderating effects of ethnic identity and LGBQ+ identity on indicators of HIV knowledge (i.

Spermidine is essential for fasting-mediated autophagy and longevity.

Caloric restriction and intermittent fasting prolong the lifespan and healthspan of model organisms and improve human health. The natural polyamine spermidine has been similarly linked to autophagy enhancement, geroprotection and reduced incidence of cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases across species borders. Here, we asked whether the cellular and physiological consequences of caloric restriction and fasting depend on polyamine metabolism.

Breaking the mold: Insights into the clinical management and outcomes of rhinocerebral mucormycosis in adults.

Background: Rhinocerebral mucormycosis is a rare, life-threatening fungal infection that affects the sinuses, nasal passages, and brain. Its management remains challenging owing to high mortality rates. Combination antifungal therapy is an area of ongoing research aimed at improving outcomes.

Redundant but essential functions of PARP1 and PARP2 in DNA ligase I-independent DNA replication.

While DNA ligase I (LigI) joins most Okazaki fragments, a backup pathway involving poly(ADP-ribose) synthesis, XRCC1 and DNA ligase IIIα (LigIIIα) functions along with the LigI-dependent pathway and is also capable of supporting DNA replication in the absence of LigI. Here we have addressed for the first time the roles of PARP1 and PARP2 in this pathway using isogenic null derivatives of mouse CH12F3 cells. While single and double null mutants of the parental cell line and single mutants of LIG1 null cells were viable, loss of both PARP1 and PARP2 was synthetically lethal with LigI deficiency.

COVID-19 Diarrhea Is Inflammatory, Caused by Direct Viral Effects Plus Major Role of Virus-induced Cytokines.

Background & Aims: Diarrhea occurs in up to 50% of cases of COVID-19. Nonetheless, the pathophysiologic mechanism(s) have not been determined.

Methods: This was examined using normal human enteroid monolayers exposed apically to live SARS-CoV-2 or non-replicating virus-like particles (VLPs) bearing the 4 SARS-CoV-2 structural proteins or irradiated virus, all of which bound and entered enterocytes.

Promise and Perils of Primary HPV Testing.

Cervical cancer screening has reduced morbidity and mortality in many countries, but efforts to optimize screening modalities and schedules are ongoing. Using data from a randomized trial conducted in British Columbia, Canada, in conjunction with a provincial screening registry, Gottschlich and colleagues demonstrated that the estimated risk for precancerous disease (cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grades 2 or worse) at 8 years following a negative human papillomavirus (HPV) test was similar to the current standard of care (Pap testing after 3 years). The study supports extending screening intervals for those with a negative HPV test beyond currently recommended 5-year intervals.

Regulation of Mitochondria-Derived Immune Activation by 'Antiviral' TRIM Proteins.

Mitochondria are key orchestrators of antiviral responses that serve as platforms for the assembly and activation of innate immune-signaling complexes. In response to viral infection, mitochondria can be triggered to release immune-stimulatory molecules that can boost interferon production. These same molecules can be released by damaged mitochondria to induce pathogenic, antiviral-like immune responses in the absence of infection.

Multidrug-resistant Shigella flexneri outbreak associated with a high-mortality spillover event into nonhuman primates.

Shigellosis is a gastrointestinal infection caused by species of . A large outbreak of serotype 2a occurred in Albuquerque, New Mexico (NM) between May 2021 and November 2023 that involved humans and nonhuman primates (NHP) from a local zoo. We analyzed the genomes of 202 New Mexico isolates as well as 15 closely related isolates from other states, and four from NHP.