Mind the gap in kidney care: Translating what we know into what we do.

Historically, it takes an average of 17 years to move new treatments from clinical evidence to daily practice. Given the highly effective treatments now available to prevent or delay kidney disease onset and progression, this is far too long. The time is now to narrow the gap between what we know and what we do.

Patient Perspectives on the Psychosocial Impact of Chronic Pelvic Pain and Implications for Integrated Behavioral Care Approaches.

Chronic pelvic pain (CPP) is a medically complex, multifaceted gynecological condition associated with psychological comorbidities and sexual trauma among women. Low rates of positive treatment outcomes underscore the need to better understand complex relationships between CPP, trauma exposure, and the psychosocial context of patients' lives. We conducted a secondary analysis of English and Spanish qualitative interviews with female-identity patients (N = 48) about CPP's impact on psychosocial well-being.

Tip-to-base bark cross-sectional areas contribute to understanding the drivers of carbon allocation to bark and the functional roles of bark tissues.

Along their lengths, stems experience different functional demands. Because bark and wood traits are usually studied at single points on stems, it remains unclear how carbon allocation changes along tip-to-base trajectories across species. We examined bark vs wood allocation by measuring cross-sectional areas of outer and inner bark (OB and IB), IB regions (secondary phloem, cortex, and phelloderm), and wood from stem tips to bases of 35 woody angiosperm species of diverse phylogenetic lineages, climates, fire regimes, and bark morphologies.

Rural Surgery Experiences in General Surgery Residency Training-The Current State an ACGME Sponsored Survey of General Surgery Program Directors.

Objective: Nationwide there is a significant shortage of surgeons in rural communities, which has led to a growing interest in training more general surgeons specifically for entry into rural practice. Despite noble intentions, exactly how this training should be performed is unclear, and highly variable across programs. The Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) Surgery Residency Review Committee (RRC) sought to better understand the current state of rural focused training options in general surgery residencies.

Prediction of cccDNA dynamics in hepatitis B patients by a combination of serum surrogate markers.

Quantification of intrahepatic covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA) is a key for evaluating an elimination of hepatitis B virus (HBV) in infected patients. However, quantifying cccDNA requires invasive methods such as a liver biopsy, which makes it impractical to access the dynamics of cccDNA in patients. Although HBV RNA and HBV core-related antigens (HBcrAg) have been proposed as surrogate markers for evaluating cccDNA activity, they do not necessarily estimate the amount of cccDNA.

Parallel gene expansions drive rapid dietary adaptation in herbivorous woodrats.

How mammalian herbivores evolve to feed on chemically defended plants remains poorly understood. In this study, we investigated the adaptation of two species of woodrats ( and ) to creosote bush (), a toxic shrub that expanded across the southwestern United States after the Last Glacial Maximum. We found that creosote-adapted woodrats have elevated gene dosage across multiple biotransformation enzyme families.

Tissue histology and depuration of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) from dairy cattle with lifetime exposures to PFAS-contaminated drinking water and feed.

Plasma, milk and tissue samples were collected from 30 dairy cattle (0.4 to 8.9 years of age) with lifetime exposures to perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) removed from a PFAS-contaminated farm and provided PFAS-free feed and water.

Community characteristics and substance-free activity and service access predict membership in alcohol use disorder risk profiles.

Objective: Community characteristics (e.g., alcohol access, poverty) are associated with alcohol use disorder (AUD) at the population level, and person-level AUD severity indicators (e.

Thinking beyond substances: Why behavioral "addiction" research must move past substance use disorder paradigms.

In this viewpoint article, the authors contend that behavioral addiction (BA) research must move past substance use disorder paradigms. Under the most liberal definitions of BA, activities such as eating, exercise, work, smartphone use, and a litany of others could all become addictions. Abundant clinical evidence shows that people may frequently engage in behaviors in ways that become impairing.

Pain Coping Skills Training for Patients Receiving Hemodialysis: The HOPE Consortium Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Chronic pain is common among individuals with dialysis-dependent kidney failure.

Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of pain coping skills training (PCST), a cognitive behavioral intervention, on pain interference.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This multicenter randomized clinical trial of PCST vs usual care was conducted across 16 academic centers and 103 outpatient dialysis facilities in the US.

Characterization of Radionuclide Resuspension via Aeolian Processes at a Uranium Mill Tailings Site.

A former uranium recovery facility located in northwestern New Mexico currently serves as a uranium mill tailings site undergoing reclamation and decommissioning. High velocity winds are common in the area, causing soil erosion via aeolian processes. Strong winds may carry soil for several kilometers, which is redeposited downwind.

Autonomous Reef Monitoring Structures (ARMS) as a tool to uncover neglected marine biodiversity: two new Solenogastres (Mollusca, Aplacophora) from the Gulf of Mexico.

Solenogastres is a group of mollusks with evolutionary and ecological importance. Nevertheless, their diversity is underestimated and knowledge about the distribution of the approximately 300 formally described species is limited. Factors that contribute to this include their small size and frequent misidentification by non-specialists.

Evaluation of Theta EEG Neurofeedback Procedure for Cognitive Training Using Simultaneous fMRI in Counterbalanced Active-Sham Study Design.

Evaluation of mechanisms of action of EEG neurofeedback (EEG-nf) using simultaneous fMRI is highly desirable to ensure its effective application for clinical rehabilitation and therapy. Counterbalancing training runs with active neurofeedback and sham (neuro)feedback for each participant is a promising approach to demonstrate specificity of training effects to the active neurofeedback. We report the first study in which EEG-nf procedure is both evaluated using simultaneous fMRI and controlled via the counterbalanced active-sham study design.

Statistical methods to adjust for the effects on intervention compliance in randomized clinical trials where precision treatment rules are being developed.

Background: Heterogeneity of treatment effects (HTEs) can occur because of either differential treatment compliance or differential treatment effectiveness. This distinction is important, as it has action implications, but it is unclear how to distinguish these two possibilities statistically in precision treatment analysis given that compliance is not observed until after randomization. We review available statistical methods and illustrate a recommended method in secondary analysis in a trial focused on HTE.

One-quarter of freshwater fauna threatened with extinction.

Freshwater ecosystems are highly biodiverse and important for livelihoods and economic development, but are under substantial stress. To date, comprehensive global assessments of extinction risk have not included any speciose groups primarily living in freshwaters. Consequently, data from predominantly terrestrial tetrapods are used to guide environmental policy and conservation prioritization, whereas recent proposals for target setting in freshwaters use abiotic factors.

Bone Health ECHO Case Report: Rare Cases of Hypophosphatemia and Low-Traumatic Fractures in Patients with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus.

Bone Health ECHO (Extension of Community Healthcare Outcomes) is a virtual community of practice that has been connecting healthcare professionals online once weekly for the past 10 years. A key component of each ECHO session is presentation and discussion of patient cases with diagnostic and treatment dilemmas. Here we present two wheelchair-bound female patients aged 47 years (Patient 1) and 34 years (Patient 2), both with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM).

 (Boraginaceae), a distinctive new taxon of series .

In the process of studying the species and its varieties, we discovered a unique taxon of the genus that resembles but differs in having a mostly densely white-strigose stem vestiture (sometimes with spreading trichomes) and tuberculate to muricate nutlets with often whitish tubercles that are, in comparison with typical , larger, with a wider base and more pointed apex, and more densely spaced. We believe this form to be different enough to describe as a new species, . This new species occurs in southwestern North America: in California and Arizona of the United States and in northern Baja California, Mexico.

Modeling of randomized hepatitis C vaccine trials: Bridging the gap between controlled human infection models and real-word testing.

Global elimination of chronic hepatitis C (CHC) remains difficult without an effective vaccine. Since injection drug use is the leading cause of hepatitis C virus (HCV) transmission in Western Europe and North America, people who inject drugs (PWID) are an important population for testing HCV vaccine effectiveness in randomized-clinical trials (RCTs). However, RCTs in PWID are inherently challenging.

Geology and climate drive alpine plant compositional variation among peaks in the Cascade Range of Washington.

Alpine areas are host to diverse plant communities that support ecosystems through structural and floral resources and persist through specialized adaptations to harsh high-elevation conditions. An ongoing question in these plant communities is whether composition is shaped by stochastic processes (e.g.

An emerging fungal disease is spreading across the globe and affecting the blueberry industry.

Powdery mildew is an economically important disease caused by c. 1000 different fungal species. Erysiphe vaccinii is an emerging powdery mildew species that is impacting the blueberry industry.

Evaluating racial disparities in cancer patient-provider communication about cannabis in a state without a legal cannabis marketplace.

Purpose: Cancer survivors in a state with no legal access to cannabis may be hesitant to discuss their cannabis use with providers, particularly in light of legal consequences which disproportionately affect certain racial groups. This study examined potential racial disparities in the relationship of cannabis use status with patient-provider discussions of and attitudes toward cannabis in a state where there is no legal cannabis marketplace.

Methods: Survivors of cancer (N = 1003, M = 62.

Optimal virtual monoenergy for the detection of pancreatic adenocarcinoma during the pancreatic parenchymal phase on photon counting CT.

Purpose: As the pancreas is a low contrast visibility organ, pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma detection is challenging due to subtle attenuation differences between tumor and pancreatic parenchyma. Photon counting CT (PCCT) has superior iodine contrast-to-noise ratio than conventional CT and also affords the creation of low keV virtual monoenergetic images, both of which increase adenocarcinoma conspicuity. The purpose therefore was to identify the optimal virtual monoenergy for visualizing PDAC during the pancreatic parenchymal phase of enhancement at PCCT using both quantitative and qualitative analyses.

Rabin8 phosphorylated by NDR2/STK38L, the canine early retinal degeneration (erd) gene product, directs rhodopsin Golgi-to-cilia trafficking.

The Rab11-Rabin8-Rab8 ciliogenesis complex regulates the expansion of cilia-derived light-sensing organelles, the rod outer segments, via post-Golgi rhodopsin transport carriers (RTCs). Rabin8, an effector of Rab11 and a nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) for Rab8, is phosphorylated at S272 by NDR2 kinase (aka STK38L), a canine erd gene product linked to the human ciliopathy Leber congenital amaurosis (LCA). Here, we define the step at which NDR2 phosphorylated Rabin8 regulates Rab11-Rab8 succession in X.