475 results match your criteria: "University of New Haven[Affiliation]"

This study investigates the impact of recent Artificial Intelligence (AI)-driven technological innovations on carbon prices across different quantiles, assessing the influence of AI stock prices on energy prices based on European carbon allowances while controlling for other macroeconomic factors. Using robust methods such as quantile-on-quantile regression, wavelet analysis, and transfer entropy, the research quantifies the information flow between the AI market and carbon allowances. Using daily data with four alternative AI stock prices from September 14, 2016, to December 29, 2023, the findings reveal a strong effect of AI returns on carbon prices, with significant fluctuations across price quantiles and consistent long-term average growth in market returns.

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Folic acid (FA) supplementation is widely regarded as a key nutritional intervention during pregnancy due to its protective effect against neural tube defects. Recent research has reported FA supplementation outcomes on offspring's health, with increased incidences of allergy/respiratory problems. This study evaluates if increased levels of 5-methyltetrahydrofolate (5-MTHF) are associated with DNA modification, leading to disruption of cell proliferation in fetal lung cells and increasing susceptibility to asthma.

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Thermally Initiated Formation of Criegee Intermediate CHOO in the Oxidation of Ethane.

J Phys Chem Lett

December 2024

Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States.

Criegee intermediates (CIs) play an important role in atmospheric chemistry as a transient source of the OH radical through their formation by the ozonolysis of unsaturated organic compounds. Here, we report thermally initiated formation of the smallest CI (CHOO) in the oxidation of ethane (CHCH) that may be relevant to combustion and flames. The SiO/SiC oxidation microreactor is heated to 1800 K and has a short residence time of ∼100 μs.

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Students can play an influential role in the assessment process of dental hygiene programs; however, little is known about how students contribute to program improvements. The purpose of this study was to explore the correlations between dental hygiene students' participation in program assessments and program improvements. The adapted National Institute Learning Outcomes Assessment questionnaire survey was distributed via email to 325 dental hygiene program administrators in the United States identified from the Commission on Dental Accreditation database.

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Objectives: Cancer drug resistance is a multifaceted phenomenon. The present review article aims to comprehensively analyze the cellular and molecular aspects of drug resistance in cancer and the strategies employed to overcome it.

Evidence Acquisition: A systematic search of relevant literature was conducted using electronic databases such as PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science using appropriate key words.

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Telehealth services have potential to enhance access to quality healthcare, reduce costs, and increase satisfaction for both patients and providers. As a disruptive healthcare innovation, telehealth disorders old systems and creates a new hybrid model of care that delivers significant value to stakeholders. However, the failure rate of innovation implementation in healthcare ranges from 30% to 90%, depending on the complexity involved.

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Article Synopsis
  • The study focuses on the health challenges faced by clergy in the United Methodist Church (UMC) in North Carolina, revealing that they experience higher rates of various non-communicable diseases (NCDs) compared to the general population.
  • Data from 2008 to 2021 shows persistent issues such as obesity, hypertension, and asthma among UMC clergy, even after adjusting for age, sex, and race.
  • The study highlights the need for further research into the underlying risk factors contributing to these health disparities and the influence of clergy on the health of their communities.
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Background: Although US research agencies have instituted peer review processes to require participant diversity in clinical trials before funding decisions are made, the underrepresentation of certain populations (eg, racial and ethnic minorities) in clinical trials remains a persistent challenge in biomedical research. This issue has the potential to affect the generalizability of findings and impede efforts to ensure the provision of high-quality healthcare across all populations. In this study, we examined barriers to the recruitment and retention of underrepresented populations in cancer clinical trials from the perspective of research coordinating staff.

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The effect of handedness and biological sex on fingermark ridge height and volume as examined by 3D imaging.

J Forensic Sci

October 2024

Henry C. Lee College of Criminal Justice and Forensic Science, Forensic Science Department, University of New Haven, West Haven, Connecticut, USA.

For decades, detectives and forensic scientists have relied on friction ridge skin comparisons to identify individuals in criminal investigations. This method involves examining (latent) fingermarks, typically captured as two-dimensional (2D) images, and comparing them with known inked impressions or scans. The comparisons focus on general patterns, the location and orientation of minutiae, and additional characteristics like scars or pores.

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To examine the association between clinical personnel's general attitudes towards new interventions and implementation outcomes related to an evidence-based individualized, culturally tailored, computerized decision aid (DA) for the management of lupus. To assess attitudes, the validated Evidence-Based Practice Attitudes Scale (EBPAS) survey was emailed to personnel in 15 rheumatology clinics across the U.S.

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Identification of semen traces at a crime scene through Raman spectroscopy and machine learning.

Sci Rep

October 2024

Laboratory of Laser Molecular Imaging and Machine Learning (LM&ML), Tomsk State University, 36 Lenina Ave., Tomsk, 634050, Russian Federation.

Biological fluid stains can be instrumental in solving crimes. Identification of semen can help reconstruct events in sexual assault cases and identify suspects via DNA profiling. Current methods for semen identification suffer from limitations, including destruction of the sample and potential false positives.

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Home visiting programs for new parents have a broad range of goals, including improvements in maternal and child health, reductions in child maltreatment, and improvements in child development. Before 2020, few home visits were conducted through phone or video encounters, i.e.

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Advances in synthetic biology.

SLAS Technol

October 2024

Department of Chemistry, Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, University of New Haven, West Haven, USA. Electronic address:

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Evidence for the Presence of Biofilm in Infected Mouse Heart Tissues.

Microorganisms

August 2024

Lyme Disease Research Group, Department of Biology and Environmental Science, University of New Haven, 300 Boston Post Road, West Haven, CT 06516, USA.

Article Synopsis
  • The bacterium responsible for Lyme disease is capable of forming antimicrobial-tolerant biofilms, which help it survive harsh conditions and contribute to severe inflammation, particularly in the heart (Lyme carditis).
  • Researchers used advanced techniques like immunohistochemistry and microscopy to study heart tissues from infected mice, discovering the presence of biofilms and inflammatory markers.
  • The study found that these biofilms not only aggregate in mouse heart tissues but also provoke inflammation, indicating that mice can serve as an effective model for further research on biofilms related to Lyme disease.
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Technology is increasingly shaping human life, particularly in healthcare, where recent advancements have revolutionized patient care. Despite these advances, the World Health Organization's (WHO) definition of health remains rooted in traditional notions, raising questions about its adequacy in light of technological progress. This paper explores the conceptual and practical limitations of the current definition and argues for its revision to encompass the role of technology in health.

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Oregano essential oil-infused mucin microneedle patch for the treatment of hypertrophic scar.

Int J Pharm

November 2024

Department of Pharmaceutics and Key Laboratory of Targeting Therapy and Diagnosis for Critical Diseases of Henan Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, PR China. Electronic address:

Hypertrophic scar (HS) manifests as abnormal dermal myofibroblast proliferation and excessive collagen deposition, leading to raised scars and significant physical, psychological, and financial burdens for patients. HS is difficult to cure in the clinic and current therapies lead to recurrence, pain, and side effects. In this study, a natural amphiphilic polymer mucin is used to prepare a dissolving microneedle (muMN) that is loaded with oregano essential oil (OEO) for HS therapy.

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In a May 2023 advisory, the US Surgeon General raised concerns about the effects of social media use on well-being. One implied strategy to reduce its impact is abstaining from digital media use. This state-of-the-art review summarizes the most recent studies on reducing or abstaining from digital media use, including social media (ie, "digital detox") and its effect on well-being to inform parents, educators, schools, policymakers, and the public when taking action.

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Dynamics of HCN, HNC, and HNCO Formation in the 193 nm Photodissociation of Formamide.

J Phys Chem A

September 2024

Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States.

Formamide (NHCHO) is the simplest molecule containing a peptide linkage [-NH-C(═O)-], and it plays an essential role in the study of prebiotic chemistry. Exposure to UV irradiation allows formamide to decompose and act as a prebiotic feedstock in the formation of nucleobases and other necessary starting materials. The photodissociation mechanism of gaseous formamide at 193 nm is studied using (a) chirped-pulse Fourier transform millimeter-wave spectroscopy in the 260-290 GHz spectral region in a room-temperature flow-tube reactor at 1 μbar pressure, (b) a combination of electronic structure theory, transition state theory, and quasiclassical trajectories, and (c) the Active Thermochemical Tables.

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Background: Unhealthy weight control behaviors (UWCBs) involve weight control strategies to reduce or maintain weight, such as fasting, taking diet pills, and vomiting or taking laxatives. UWCBs in teenagers can escalate into severe health issues such as eating disorders. Understanding the trends of UWCBs and their association with risk behaviors in teenagers is crucial, as early intervention and prevention strategies are pivotal.

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In this article, we describe curricular materials developed to engage undergraduate students in evolutionary thinking around antibiotic resistance using the MEGA-plate experiment (Microbial Evolution and Growth Arena). This elegant and visual experiment, developed by the Kishony Lab, shows the development of antibiotic resistance on the timescale of hours and days. It not only provides important biological insights but also captures students' attention, making it a very useful tool for education.

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Editorial: The evolution in RNA: 2023.

Front Genet

July 2024

Department of Biology and Environmental Science, University of New Haven, West Haven, CT, United States.

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Oral habits among preschool Indian children at Durg-Bhilai city.

Bioinformation

May 2024

Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Kalinga Institute of Dental Sciences, KIIT Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India.

Article Synopsis
  • The study investigates the prevalence of oral habits among preschoolers in Durg-Bhilai, Chhattisgarh, India, highlighting its role in causing malocclusion and negatively affecting orofacial complexes.
  • Researchers used a cluster sampling method to select four schools and gathered data from 400 LKG and UKG students along with their mothers or caregivers.
  • Statistical analysis was conducted using the Chi-square test, revealing a high prevalence of oral habits among preschoolers in the area.
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There is increasing evidence that therapy and intervention services delivered by telehealth are effective at reducing a variety of mental health symptoms. Limited studies have indicated online services can reduce intimate partner violence (IPV), but none have tested in-person compared to telehealth-delivered interventions for men who have used IPV. Clinical outcome data from 311 parents (192 fathers and 119 linked coparent mothers) engaged in the Fathers for Change (F4C) intervention following referral by child protective services for IPV were examined to determine if in-person delivery of the intervention differed in terms of client treatment engagement and retention or outcomes.

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A plasma peptidomic signature reveals extracellular matrix remodeling and predicts prognosis in alcohol-associated hepatitis.

Hepatol Commun

August 2024

Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.

Article Synopsis
  • Alcohol-associated hepatitis (AH) has a high mortality rate and challenges in identifying patients at risk, prompting research into the extracellular matrix as a potential predictor for mortality.
  • Plasma samples from 62 AH patients revealed over 1600 peptide features linked to significant proteins, with notable changes corresponding to disease severity and associated with specific proteases.
  • Three peptides showed strong links to 90-day mortality, leading to a promising noninvasive method for predicting outcomes in AH patients that could enhance current prognostic tools.
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