General practice chlamydia testing: qualitative study of staff approaches using behavioural change theory.

Background: Chlamydia is the most diagnosed bacterial sexually transmitted infection in England, but opportunistic testing remains low in general practice despite high prevalence among young people. Attempts to increase testing have been met with little success; therefore, there is a need to explore why rates remain low and how this may be improved.

Aim: To explore general practice staff perceptions of opportunistic chlamydia testing, including barriers, facilitators, interventions, and policies, using the Behaviour Change Wheel (BCW).

Description and phylogenetic implications of a de novo mitochondrial genome of Rhinichthys atratulus (Teleostei: Leuciscidae) from Connecticut.

We present a de novo mitogenome assembly from a specimen of Rhinichthys atratulus, the Eastern Blacknose Dace, collected in the Connecticut River drainage. R. atratulus is a fish species widely distributed across Atlantic slope drainages from Nova Scotia, Canada to the Roanoke River Drainage, Virginia, United States.

Territory Sizes and Patterns of Habitat Use by Forest Birds Over Five Decades: Ideal Free or Ideal Despotic?

Relations among territoriality, abundance and habitat suitability are fundamental to the ecology of many animal populations. Theory suggests two classes of possible responses to increasing abundance in territorial species: (1) the ideal free distribution (IFD), which predicts smaller territory sizes and decreased fitness as individuals adaptively pack into suitable habitats, and (2) the ideal despotic distribution (IDD), which predicts stable territory sizes and fitness in preferred habitats for dominant individuals and increased use of marginal habitats, reduced fitness and changes in territory sizes for subordinate individuals. We analysed the territory sizes and locations of seven migratory songbird species occupying a 10-ha plot in the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest, New Hampshire, USA over a 52-year period.

A prediction approach to COVID-19 time series with LSTM integrated attention mechanism and transfer learning.

Background: The prediction of coronavirus disease in 2019 (COVID-19) in broader regions has been widely researched, but for specific areas such as urban areas the predictive models were rarely studied. It may be inaccurate to apply predictive models from a broad region directly to a small area. This paper builds a prediction approach for small size COVID-19 time series in a city.

The psychometric properties of the EQ-HWB and EQ-HWB-S in patients with breast cancer: a comparative analysis with EQ-5D-5L, FACT-8D and SWEMWBS.

Objectives: The EQ Health and Well Being is a new generic measure that captures constructs beyond health-related quality of life, with a 25-item long form (EQ-HWB) and a shorter 9-item version (EQ-HWB-S). This study aims to assess the psychometric performance of both versions in breast cancer, which is the most prevalent cancer globally, and compare them to other instruments.

Methods: A longitudinal survey in Indonesia (2023-24) with 300 female patients used the EQ-HWB, EQ-5D-5L, Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-General (FACT-G, from which FACT-8D was derived), Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Wellbeing Scale (WEMWBS, from which SWEMWBS was derived).

Evaluating AI Capabilities in Bariatric Surgery: A Study on ChatGPT-4 and DALL·E 3's Recognition and Illustration Accuracy.

Background: With the rise of artificial intelligence (AI) in medical education, tools like OpenAI's ChatGPT-4 and DALL·E 3 have potential applications in enhancing learning materials. This study aims to evaluate ChatGPT-4o's proficiency in recognizing bariatric surgical procedures from illustrations and assess DALL·E 3's effectiveness in generating accurate surgical illustrations.

Methods: Illustrations of six bariatric surgical procedures (One Anastomosis Gastric Bypass, Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass, Single Anastomosis Duodeno-Ileal Bypass with Sleeve Gastrectomy, Sleeve Gastrectomy, Biliopancreatic Diversion, and Adjustable Gastric Banding) were sourced from the IFSO Atlas of Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery.

Impact of Beta-Alanine, Caffeine, and Their Combination on Intraocular Pressure and Ocular Perfusion Pressure at Rest and After Resistance Training.

This study aimed to determine the impact of caffeine (200 mg), beta-alanine (3 g), and their combination on intraocular pressure (IOP), ocular perfusion pressure (OPP), and mean arterial pressure (MAP) at rest and after resistance training. Twenty young men (age = 23.4 ± 4.

Science of Learning Strategy Series: Article 6, Elaboration.

The science of learning (learning science) is an interprofessional field that concerns itself with how the brain learns and remembers important information. Learning science has compiled a set of evidence-based strategies, such as distributed practice, retrieval practice, and interleaving, which are quite relevant to continuing professional development. Spreading out study and practice separated by cognitive breaks (distributed practice), testing oneself to check mastery and memory of previously learned information (retrieval practice), and mixing the learning of separate but associated information (interleaving) represent strategies that are underutilized in continuing professional development.

Current state of APPE-readiness assessments in schools or colleges of pharmacy.

Objective: To determine components and assessments included in Advanced Pharmacy Practice Experience (APPE) readiness plans in United States Doctor of Pharmacy (PharmD) programs.

Methods: An electronic survey was emailed to the American Association of Colleges of Pharmacy Laboratory Instructors Special Interest Group. Survey items included demographic information about the program, APPE-readiness plan implementation status and components.

Efficacy of Extranasal Neurostimulation for Patients With Neuropathic Corneal Pain: A Pilot Study.

Purpose: Neuropathic corneal pain (NCP) has been recognized as a distinct disease, yet treatment options remain limited. The aim of this pilot study was to explore the effectiveness of extranasal neurostimulation (EXNS) as a potential pain relief strategy for individuals with the peripheral component of NCP.

Methods: A retrospective study was performed to identify patients who were diagnosed with refractory peripheral or mixed NCP and subsequently underwent a single session of EXNS.

Implementing digital respiratory technologies for people with respiratory conditions: A protocol for a scoping review.

The value of 'data-enabled', digital healthcare is evolving rapidly, as demonstrated in the COVID-19 pandemic, and its successful implementation remains complex and challenging. Harmonisation (within/between healthcare systems) of infrastructure and implementation strategies has the potential to promote safe, equitable and accessible digital healthcare, but guidance for implementation is lacking. Using respiratory technologies as an example, our scoping review process will capture and review the published research between 12th December 2013 to 12th December 2023.

Epidemiology and Molecular Characterisation of Multidrug-Resistant Isolated from Cow Milk.

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a growing global concern and poses a significant threat to public health. The emergence of multidrug-resistant organisms, including , also presents a risk of transmission to humans through the food chain, including milk. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of in raw milk in the Chattogram metropolitan area (CMA) of Bangladesh and their phenotypic and genotypic antimicrobial resistance patterns.

The 2024 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine: microRNA Takes Center Stage.

The Journal Editorial Board Members would like to congratulate Victor Ambros and Gary Ruvkun, who were jointly awarded the 2024 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for their groundbreaking discovery of microRNAs and the role of microRNAs in post-transcriptional gene regulation, uncovering a previously unknown layer of gene control in eukaryotes [...

The Impact of Cancer Status on Anxiety in Prostate Cancer Patients: A Network Analysis.

Prostate cancer (PCa) patients often also suffer from comorbid anxiety, which can impede treatment efficacy as well as be intrinsically unpleasant. Identification of the associations between particular symptoms of anxiety that are most likely to occur at different points in the PCa diagnosis-treatment journey can inform anxiety treatment choices and potentially influence their overall treatment outcomes. Although simple correlational analyses and ANOVA models of data analysis have been used to address this issue, the possibility of confounds due to the inter-relationships between other anxiety symptoms argues for the use of network analysis, which calculates each symptom-symptom connection while also taking into account the entire range of symptom relationships.

In vitro erythropoiesis: the emerging potential of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs).

Due to global blood shortages and restricted donor blood storage, the focus has switched to the in vitro synthesis of red blood cells (RBCs) from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) as a potential solution. Many processes are required to synthesize RBCs from iPSCs, including the production of iPSCs from human or animal cells, differentiation of iPSCs into hematopoietic stem cells, culturing, and maturation of the hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) to make functional erythrocytes. Previous investigations on the in vitro production of erythrocytes have shown conflicting results.

Case report: hibernoma, a rare male breast mass.

Hibernomas are rare, benign neoplasms characterized by the presence of brown adipose tissue. Although these tumors may arise in any region of brown fat, they predominantly occur in the thigh, shoulder, back, and neck. Hibernomas are rarely found in mammary tissue, with a higher prevalence in females than males.

Characteristics and Outcomes of Over a Million Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease in Seven Countries: Multinational Cohort Study and Open Data Resource.

Background And Aims: Observational healthcare data are an important tool for delineating patients' inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) journey in real-world settings. However, studies that characterize IBD cohorts typically rely on a single resource, apply diverse eligibility criteria, and extract variable sets of attributes, making comparison between cohorts challenging. We aim to longitudinally describe and compare IBD patient cohorts across multiple geographic regions, employing unified data and analysis framework.

Cross-sectional analysis of soft drinks consumption patterns post-taxation in Saudi Arabia.

Background: Sweetened soft drinks consumption contributes to the increasing prevalence of obesity in Saudi Arabia. In 2017, Saudi Arabia began imposing tax on sugar-sweetened drinks to combat obesity.

Aim: To investigate the determinants of soft drinks consumption patterns among adults in Saudi Arabia 5 years after consumer tax implementation.

Ambulatory care utilization in the first 24 months' postpartum by rurality and pregnancy-related conditions: A prospective cohort study from Maine.

Purpose: To estimate the rate of ambulatory care use among postpartum persons by rurality of residence and pregnancy-related conditions.

Methods: We used Maine Health Data Organization's All Payer Claims Data for persons who delivered between 2007 and 2019 (N = 121,905). We estimated rates of ambulatory care (nonemergency department outpatient health care) utilization during the first 24 months' postpartum by level of rurality (urban, large rural, small rural, and isolated rural) and by pregnancy-related conditions (prenatal depression, hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, and gestational diabetes).

Mycoplasma ovipneumoniae identified as the main aetiological agent of respiratory disease in goats from a case-control study in Savannakhet province of Lao PDR.

Clinical signs of respiratory disease are common in Lao goats. To identify the causative agents involved in this clinical syndrome, a matched case-control study was conducted across 70 smallholder goat holdings in Savannakhet province. Fifty paired nasal swab samples were collected from goats with respiratory signs (cases) and unaffected (control) goats from 27 goat holdings.

Erratum: Visualization of endogenous p27 and Ki67 reveals the importance of a c-Myc-driven metabolic switch in promoting survival of quiescent cancer cells: Erratum.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.7150/thno.63763.

Diagnostic yield of upper gastrointestinal tract endoscopy and colonoscopy in patients with iron deficiency anaemia while on direct oral anticoagulants.

Background: Iron deficiency anaemia (IDA) related to occult gastrointestinal tract (GIT) blood loss is associated with high rates of GIT malignancies. Major society guidelines recommend bidirectional endoscopic evaluation for all men and post-menopausal women with newly diagnosed, unexplained IDA. However, in patients prescribed direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs), the endoscopic yield, specifically the rate of high-risk findings, including colorectal cancers (CRCs) and advanced adenomas (AAs), is unknown.

Estimation of the spatial variability of the New England Mud Patch geoacoustic properties using a distributed array of hydrophones and deep learninga).

This article presents a spatial environmental inversion scheme using broadband impulse signals with deep learning (DL) to model a single spatially-varying sediment layer over a fixed basement. The method is applied to data from the Seabed Characterization Experiment 2022 (SBCEX22) in the New England Mud-Patch (NEMP). Signal Underwater Sound (SUS) explosive charges generated impulsive signals recorded by a distributed array of bottom-moored hydrophones.

Korean adolescents' experiences studying abroad and subsequent readjustment to life after returning.

Introduction: This qualitative study explored the socio-cultural adjustment and re-adjustment experiences of South Korean adolescents who studied in English-speaking countries and later returned to South Korea.

Methods: The study interviewed 12 adolescents (6 males, 6 females) aged 12-16 who studied in countries such as the U.S.