Evolution of Treatment Modalities for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: Top 100 Cited Articles From 1990 to 2020.

Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is seen in a substantial proportion of individuals experiencing trauma. The last few decades have been significant in terms of PTSD-related research; however, a quantitative charting of the evolution in evidence-based treatment modalities for PTSD is lacking. The objective of this study was to conduct a bibliometric analysis to bridge this gap in knowledge.

Incidental Coronary Artery Calcification and the Risk of Major Adverse Cardiovascular Outcomes.

Background Incidental findings of coronary artery calcifications (CACs) are not consistently reported, and the clinical significance relating to cardiovascular outcomes remains to be established. In this single-center cross-sectional study, we assessed the association between incidental coronary artery calcification documented on formal chest CT reports and the incidence of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE). Methods A MACE was defined as the occurrence of stroke or transient ischemic attack or ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction, non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction, or undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting.

Combining rare and common genetic variants improves population risk stratification for breast cancer.

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the performance of different genetic screening approaches to identify women at high risk of breast cancer in the general population.

Methods: We retrospectively studied 25,591 women with available electronic health records and genetic data, participants in the Healthy Nevada Project.

Results: Family history of breast cancer was ascertained on or after the record of breast cancer for 78% of women with both, indicating that this risk assessment method is not being properly utilized for early screening.

repeat expansion creates the unstable folate-sensitive fragile site FRA9A.

The hyper-unstable Chr9p21 locus, harbouring the interferon gene cluster, oncogenes and , is linked to multiple diseases. (GGGGCC)n expansions (Exp) are associated with incompletely penetrant amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, frontotemporal dementia and autoimmune disorders. Exp patients display hyperactive cGAS-STING-linked interferon immune and DNA damage responses, but the source of immunostimulatory or damaged DNA is unknown.

Tuning the physical properties of inorganic novel perovskite materials CaPX (X=I, Br and Cl): Density function theory.

In photovoltaic technology, inorganic perovskite solar cells formed from halide have developed into a noteworthy prospect, primarily attributable to their exceptional efficiency, cost-effectiveness, and straightforward manufacturing techniques. Lead-free ABX inorganic perovskites have generated significant attention within the environmentally friendly solar industry thanks to their extraordinary characteristics encompassing thermoelectricity, optoelectronics, and elasticity. This research focuses on the attributes of the structural, electrical, and optical inorganic halide perovskites CaPX (X = I, Br, and Cl) using the first-principles density-functional theory (FP-DFT).

Sociodemographic and Smoking Characteristics Associated With Low Perceived Harm of "Organic" and "Additive-Free" Tobacco Products Among US Adults.

Introduction: This study describes the prevalence and correlates of beliefs that "organic" and "additive-free" tobacco products are less harmful than conventional tobacco products among US adults, stratified by smoking status and preference for Natural American Spirit (NAS), a brand that uses "organic" and historically used "additive-free."

Methods: We analyzed Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health Study Wave 6 data (n = 29 516) for adults aged 18+ years and generated weighted prevalence estimates. We used weighted logistic regressions to model the odds of believing organic/additive-free tobacco products are "less harmful" versus "about the same" or "more harmful.

Accumulation, translocation and transformation of artificial sweeteners in plants: A critical review.

Artificial sweeteners (ASs) have become an increasingly significant concern as an emerging contaminant. The widespread utilization has given rise to environmental consequences that are progressively harder to disregard. ASs infiltrate both aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems through the discharge of wastewater effluents and the application of manure and biosolids.

Validity of a Classification System for the Levels of Maternal Care.

Objective: To assess the content validity of the classification of maternal level of care of the American Hospital Association Database for research use.

Methods: This was a secondary data analysis where we classified the maternal level of care in the 2018 American Hospital Association Database and linked this to birth hospitalizations from five states in the 2016 and 2017 State Inpatient Databases: Delaware, Florida, Kentucky, Maryland, and Washington. We compared maternal level of care classification with birth volume quartiles, hospital size quartiles, and teaching status to predict the birth hospital for women with high OCI (Obstetric Comorbidity Index) scores and hospital-to-hospital transfers.

Testing bipolarity.

Many psychological dimensions seem bipolar (e.g., happy-sad, optimism-pessimism, and introversion-extraversion).

Color Stability of Different Restorative Approaches for the Masking of Silver Diamine Fluoride after Thermal Aging.

Aim: The present study aims to evaluate the color stability of different masking modalities of silver diamine fluoride (SDF) on extracted carious teeth after thermal aging.

Methods And Results: One hundred and eight recently extracted carious permanent teeth were used. All sample teeth had SDF applied over the carious lesion.

Retinal fluid quantification using a novel deep learning algorithm in patients treated with faricimab in the TRUCKEE study.

Background: Investigate retinal fluid changes via a novel deep-learning algorithm in real-world patients receiving faricimab for the treatment of neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD).

Methods: Multicenter, retrospective chart review and optical coherence tomography (OCT) image upload from participating sites was conducted on patients treated with faricimab for nAMD from February 2022 to January 2024. The Notal OCT Analyzer (NOA) algorithm provided intraretinal, subretinal and total retinal fluid for each scan.

SAGES guidelines for the management of comorbidities relevant to metabolic and bariatric surgery.

Background: Patients who are under consideration for or have undergone metabolic and bariatric surgery frequently have comorbid medical conditions that may make their perioperative care more complex. These recommendations address routine intraoperative cholangiography in patients with bypass-type anatomy, the management of reflux disease after sleeve gastrectomy, and the optimal bariatric procedure for patients with comorbid inflammatory bowel disease.

Methods: A systematic review was conducted including studies published from 1990 to 2022 to address these questions.

Social network reductions are associated with negative symptoms in schizophrenia.

Background: A recent environmental systems theory of negative symptoms in schizophrenia (SZ) proposes a role for reductions in social networks that exist within microsystems (i.e., the contexts in which social interactions occur).

Research Priorities for Autonomous Sensory Meridian Response: An Interdisciplinary Delphi Study.

Autonomous Sensory Meridian Response (ASMR) is a multisensory experience most often associated with feelings of relaxation and altered consciousness, elicited by stimuli which include whispering, repetitive movements, and close personal attention. Since 2015, ASMR research has grown rapidly, spanning disciplines from neuroscience to media studies but lacking a collaborative or interdisciplinary approach. To build a cohesive and connected structure for ASMR research moving forwards, a modified Delphi study was conducted with ASMR experts, practitioners, community members, and researchers from various disciplines.

Update on the Structure and Regulated Biosynthesis of the Apoplastic Polymers Cutin and Suberin.

The plant lipid polymers cutin and suberin play a critical role in many aspects of plant growth and development, and physiology. The mechanisms of cutin and suberin biosynthesis are relatively well understood thanks to just over two decades of work with primarily Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) mutants. Recent advances in our understanding of cutin and suberin structure have arisen through the application of novel chemistries targeted at quantitative comprehension of intermolecular linkages, isolating intact suberins and cutins, and the application of advanced analytical techniques.

Olfactory function is reduced in a subset of former elite American football players with traumatic encephalopathy syndrome.

Former American football players are at risk for developing traumatic encephalopathy syndrome (TES), the clinical disorder associated with neuropathologically diagnosed chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE). The objective of this study was to determine whether hyposmia is present in traumatic encephalopathy syndrome. The study included 119 former professional American football players, 60 former college football players, and 58 same-age asymptomatic unexposed men from the DIAGNOSE CTE Research Project.

Effects of Diabetes and Attentional Focus on Learning of a Novel Balance Task.

Background And Purpose: Chronic diabetes is a prevalent systemic disease that impairs neuromotor functioning and often leads to increased risk of falls. Adopting an external focus of attention during motor skill practice has been shown to improve learning outcomes; however, it has not been examined in this population. We examined how attentional focus instructions (internal vs external) affect balance performance and learning in older adults with and without diabetes.

Subretinal Gene Therapy for Treatment of Retinal and Choroidal Vascular Diseases.

Objective: This review article discusses investigational subretinal gene therapies for retinal vascular diseases, including AVA-101, an adeno-associated viral (AAV) 2 vector expressing soluble vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) receptor 1, ABBV-RGX-314, an AAV8 vector expressing an anti-VEGF-A antibody fragment, and EXG102-031, an AAV8 vector expressing a recombinant protein that blocks VEGF family members and angiopoietin 2.

Design: Review article CONCLUSION: Subretinal injection is a commonly used delivery route for investigational gene therapy agents which is theorized to provide relative immune privilege, thereby reducing the risk of inflammation, while providing high transgene expression in photoreceptors and retinal pigment epithelium. Subretinal injection of AVA-101 demonstrated safety and tolerability in Phase I and IIa trials, but failed to maintain visual acuity and control exudation.

Prevalence and etiology of strabismus in Down syndrome: A systematic review and meta-analysis with a focus on ethnic differences in the esotropia/exotropia ratio.

Purpose: We sought to determine the prevalence of strabismus and the esotropia/exotropia ratio in Down syndrome. Wide ranges of an increased strabismus prevalence have been reported and it is unclear by how much esotropia exceeds exotropia in people with Down syndrome.

Methods: We compiled in a systematic review and meta-analysis the results of over 100 studies that report the strabismus prevalence and ratio of esotropia/exotropia in cohorts of Down syndrome.

Repeated fuel treatments fall short of fire-adapted regeneration objectives in a Sierra Nevada mixed conifer forest, USA.

Fire exclusion over the last two centuries has driven a significant fire deficit in the forests of western North America, leading to widespread changes in the composition and structure of these historically fire-adapted ecosystems. Fuel treatments have been increasingly applied over the last few decades to mitigate fire hazard, yet it is unclear whether these fuel-focused treatments restore the fire-adapted conditions and species that will allow forests to persist into the future. A vital prerequisite of restoring fire-adaptedness is ongoing establishment of fire-tolerant tree species, and both the type and reoccurrence of fuel treatments are likely to strongly influence stand trajectories.

Sex-related differences in patients with acute myocardial infarction complicated by cardiogenic shock: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: This review aims to analyze sex-related differences in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) complicated by cardiogenic shock (CS).

Methods: 10 studies were retrieved from PubMed and Embase comparing outcomes between men and women admitted with AMI complicated by CS. Pooled log odds ratios (OR) were calculated for binary outcomes using the Mantel-Haenszel method, and Hedges' g with the inverse-variance method was used for continuous outcomes.

A scoping review and hypothetical framework about the interplay between oxytocin and eating disorders.

Introduction: Despite emerging evidence on oxytocin's role in eating disorders,there is a need for a comprehensive review to integrate findings across neurobiological, genetic, hormonal, and therapeutic dimensions. This scoping review synthesizes existing literature on OXT's role in EDs and proposes a new theoretical perspective based on diverse research findings.

Methods: In accordance with PRISMA guidelines, we systematically synthesized all peer-reviewed articles indexed on PubMed which focused on both OXT and EDs as of December 2023 (k = 32 studies, n = 1942 participants).

Effectiveness of intermittent theta burst stimulation (iTBS) for managing post-stroke dysphagia: systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Post-Stroke Dysphagia (PSD) is a common complication that significantly affects the quality of life and health outcomes of stroke survivors. Traditional treatments often have limitations, necessitating the exploration of new therapeutic approaches. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the efficacy of intermittent Theta Burst Stimulation (iTBS) as an innovative treatment for PSD.

Assessing the basis for regulatory crediting of virus LRVs for secondary biological wastewater treatment: A systematic review.

Regulatory frameworks for potable reuse often include stringent log reduction value (LRV) targets to ensure public health protection against exposure to viruses and protozoa. To achieve overall LRV targets and reduce associated capital and operational costs, it is important to maximize LRV credits awarded to each unit process in a potable reuse treatment train. This may include processes that are historically uncredited or undercredited, such as secondary biological wastewater treatment incorporating activated sludge and secondary clarification.