PAF1-mediated transcriptional reprogramming confers docetaxel resistance in advanced prostate cancer.

Advanced prostate cancer (PCa) remains a significant clinical challenge, and docetaxel plays a significant role in disease management. Despite the efficacy of docetaxel as a first-line chemotherapy, resistance often develops. We developed three clinically relevant in vitro PCa cell models and transcriptomic analysis identified that the Paf1/RNA polymerase II complex component (PAF1)-associated pluripotent-transcription factor (TF), SOX2, plays a crucial role in docetaxel resistance.

Optical Genome Mapping for Detection of -Another Tool in Our Toolbox.

fusion is mostly derived from a reciprocal translocation t(9;22)(q34.1;q11.2) and is rarely caused by insertion.

Remodeling of the Intracardiac Ganglia During the Development of Cardiovascular Autonomic Dysfunction in Type 2 Diabetes: Molecular Mechanisms and Therapeutics.

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is one of the most significant health issues worldwide, with associated healthcare costs estimated to surpass USD 1054 billion by 2045. The leading cause of death in T2DM patients is the development of cardiovascular disease (CVD). In the early stages of T2DM, patients develop cardiovascular autonomic dysfunction due to the withdrawal of cardiac parasympathetic activity.

Adipose Tissues Have Been Overlooked as Players in Prostate Cancer Progression.

Obesity is a common risk factor in multiple tumor types, including prostate cancer. Obesity has been associated with driving metastasis, therapeutic resistance, and increased mortality. The effect of adipose tissue on the tumor microenvironment is still poorly understood.

Efficacy of Praziquantel in Treating Infection Among Ethiopian Children.

: Praziquantel is a cornerstone of schistosomiasis control and elimination efforts. Continued surveillance of praziquantel efficacy is needed to monitor for the development of resistance, as well as to help public health officials gauge the effect of mass praziquantel administration on schistosomiasis control in communities, since it is the only drug used in schistosomiasis control programs. The objective of this study was to assess the praziquantel cure rate and egg reduction rate against urogenital schistosomiasis.

Enhancing Survival Outcome Predictions in Metastatic Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Through PET Radiomics Analysis.

(1) Background: Advanced-stage lung cancer poses significant management challenges. The goal of this study was to identify crucial clinical and PET radiomics features that enable prognostic stratification for predicting outcomes. (2) Methods: PET radiomics features of the primary lung lesions were extracted from 99 patients with stage IVB NSCLC, and the robustness of these PET radiomics features was evaluated against uncertainties stemming from extraction parameters and contour variation.

Effects of Supervised Exercise Therapy on Muscle Function During Walking in Patients with Peripheral Artery Disease.

Background: Although supervised exercise therapy (SET) is a primary treatment for peripheral artery disease (PAD), the current literature is limited regarding the mechanisms contributing to increased walking distances, including how lower extremity muscle function is altered after SET. This study aimed to investigate the effects of SET on lower extremity muscle function during walking in patients with PAD.

Methods: Twelve patients with PAD participated in a 6-month SET program consisting of three weekly exercise sessions (a total of 72 sessions) and adhered to the American College of Sports Medicine's (ACSM) recommendations.

Advancing implementation science in community settings: the implementation strategies applied in communities (ISAC) compilation.

Background: Implementation strategies have predominantly been operationalized and studied in clinical settings. Implementation strategies are also needed to improve evidence-based intervention (EBI) integration in community settings, but there is a lack of systematic characterization of their use, which limits generalizability of findings. The goals of this study were to determine which implementation strategies are most used to deliver primary prevention EBIs in community settings, develop a compilation and pragmatic strategy selection process with accompanying guidance tools, and understand practitioners' preferences for dissemination.

Alcohol induces α2-6sialo mucin O-glycans that kill U937 macrophages mediated by sialic acid-binding immunoglobulin-like lectin 7 (Siglec 7).

Alcohol misuse increases infections and cancer fatalities, but mechanisms underlying its toxicity are ill-defined. We show that alcohol treatment of human tracheobronchial epithelial cells leads to inactivation of giantin-mediated Golgi targeting of glycosylation enzymes. Loss of core 2 N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase 1, which uses only giantin for Golgi targeting, coupled with shifted targeting of other glycosylation enzymes to Golgi matrix protein 130-Golgi reassembly stacking protein 65, the site normally used by core 1 enzyme, results in loss of sialyl Lewis x and increase of sialyl Lewis a and α2-6sialo mucin O-glycans.

Clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential is associated with increased risk of immune checkpoint inhibitor myocarditis in a prospective study of a cardio-oncology cohort.

Background: Clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential (CHIP) has been shown to increase all-cause mortality and risk of cardiomyopathy in patients with solid malignancies. CHIP has also been shown to increase T cell activation in heart failure patients. It is unclear whether CHIP can affect the risk of immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) myocarditis in patients with cancer treated with immunotherapy.

Navigating diagnostic dilemmas: a rare presentation of extramedullary T-lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma with chronic myeloid leukemia.

Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) typically presents in the chronic phase. The blast crisis phase in CML predominantly comprises the myeloid phenotype, while B-cell lymphoblastic crisis is common among the lymphoid lineages. Presentation as a T-lymphoblastic crisis is exceptionally rare.

Differential Effects of Extracellular Vesicles from Two Different Glioblastomas on Normal Human Brain Cells.

Glioblastomas (GBMs) are dreadful brain tumors with abysmal survival outcomes. GBM extracellular vesicles (EVs) dramatically affect normal brain cells (largely astrocytes) constituting the tumor microenvironment (TME). We asked if EVs from different GBM patient-derived spheroid lines would differentially alter recipient brain cell phenotypes.

Not Just an Oxymoron: The Utilitarian's Guide to Antimicrobial Stewardship in Transplant Infectious Diseases.

Solid organ transplant and hematopoietic cell transplant patients face an increased risk of infectious diseases, greater exposure to antibiotics, and heightened risk of multidrug-resistant organisms (MDROs) due to their immunosuppressed state. Antimicrobial stewardship programs (ASP) are essential in reducing the incidence of MDRO by conserving antimicrobial use, minimizing treatment durations, and improving the appropriate use of diagnostic testing. However, the role of ASP in transplant infectious diseases (TID) is still evolving, necessitating greater collaboration between ASP and transplant programs.

Exacerbated mitochondrial dynamic abnormalities without evident tau pathology in rapidly progressive Alzheimer's disease.

Background: Rapidly progressive Alzheimer's disease (rpAD) is a clinical subtype distinguished by its rapid cognitive decline and shorter disease duration. rpAD, like typical AD (tAD), is characterized by underlying neuropathology of amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles. There is early evidence that the composition of amyloid plaques could vary between the rpAD and tAD.

Granulocyte-Colony Stimulating Factor Improves Neurological and Functional Outcomes in Patients With Traumatic Incomplete Spinal Cord Injuries: A Systematic Review With Meta-Analyses.

Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a cause for significant morbidity, often resulting in long-term disability. We compared outcomes after administration of granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) versus controls. MEDLINE, Embase, and Cochrane Library database searches yielded 222 records; six met study inclusion criteria.