Bariatric surgery targeting opioid prescribing: a national model for effectively reducing opioid use after bariatric surgery.

Background: Prescription opioids are responsible for a significant proportion of opioid-related deaths in the United States. Approximately 6% of opioid-naïve patients who receive opioid prescriptions after surgery become chronic opioid users. However, chronic opioid use after bariatric surgery may be twice as common.

Effect of telemedicine support for intraoperative anaesthesia care on postoperative outcomes: the TECTONICS randomised clinical trial.

Background: Telemedicine may help improve care quality and patient outcomes. Telemedicine for intraoperative decision support has not been rigorously studied.

Methods: This was a single-centre randomised clinical trial of unselected adult surgical patients.

Clinical Manifestations.

Background: Judgment is an aspect of executive functioning that is critical to many aspects of daily functioning, and often affected in older adults with cognitive decline. The Test of Practical Judgement (TOP-J) evaluates judgment related real-world issues that may arise in aging populations. The current study investigates the incremental validity of the TOP-J-i.

Clinical Manifestations.

Background: This pilot study addresses unmet needs for empirical evidence on real-world data (RWD) on sleep to inform pharmacological management in older adults at-risk for neurodegenerative conditions. Polypharmacy is prevalent among older adults, with potential adverse effects on physiological functions, including sleep. Sleep disturbances are prevalent in aging, may signal onset of Alzheimer's disease (AD), potentially contributing to the underlying pathology.

Clinical Manifestations.

Background: Sleep disturbances and cognitive impairments, especially memory deficiency are one of the most common complications affecting everyday life in patient diagnosed with neurodegenerative disorder. Clinically evaluated, specific cognitive processes can be grouped into two categories: amnestic functions (AMN, clinically memory impairments) and non-amnestic functions (n-AMN, cognitive impairments non-memory related). To date, no cure treatments are available for AMN / n-AMN patients, therefore maintaining the well-being and an adequate sleep quality of people who are in prodromal state (i.

Comorbid conditions and survival among Black women with ovarian cancer.

Background: Black women with epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) have worse survival and a higher burden of comorbid conditions compared with other racial groups. This study examines the association of comorbid conditions and medication use for these conditions with survival among Black women with EOC.

Methods: In a prospective study of 592 Black women with EOC, the Charlson comorbidity index (CCI) based on self-reported data, three cardiometabolic comorbidities (type 2 diabetes, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia), and medication use for each cardiometabolic comorbidity were evaluated.

Changes of health-related quality of life within 6 months after stroke by clinical and sociodemographic factors.

Stroke causes functional disabilities and reduces the quality of life of stroke survivors. This retrospective cohort study aimed to examine changes in health-related quality of life (HRQoL) six months after a stroke and the effect of stroke characteristics and sociodemographic factors on HRQoL. Participants completed a questionnaire that included the stroke characteristics, sociodemographic characteristics, and the 5-level European Quality of Life 5 dimensions (EQ-5D-5L) before discharge.

Alendronate partially rescues the periodontal defects in OIM mouse model of osteogenesis imperfecta.

Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) is a fairly common generalized connective disorder characterized by low bone mass, bone deformities and impaired bone quality that predisposes affected individuals to musculoskeletal fragility. Periodontal ligament (PDL)-alveolar bone and PDL-cementum entheses' roles under OI conditions during physiological loading and orthodontic forces remain largely unknown. In addition, bisphosphonates (e.

Early life exposure to deltamethrin impairs synaptic function by altering the brain derived extracellular vesicle proteome.

Pyrethroid pesticides have been associated with neurodevelopmental disorders including attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD). While behavioral effects of pyrethroid exposure have been previously reported, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we hypothesized that exposure to deltamethrin (DM), a widely used pyrethroid pesticide known for its neurotoxicity during early developmental stages, induces brain dysfunction through alterations in brain-derived extracellular vesicle (BDEV) signaling.

A thermodynamic bottleneck in the TCA cycle contributes to acetate overflow in .

During aerobic growth, relies on acetate overflow metabolism, a process where glucose is incompletely oxidized to acetate, for its bioenergetic needs. Acetate is not immediately captured as a carbon source and is excreted as waste by cells. The underlying factors governing acetate overflow in have not been identified.

Trogocytosis-mediated immune evasion in the tumor microenvironment.

Trogocytosis is a dynamic cellular process characterized by the exchange of the plasma membrane and associated cytosol during cell-to-cell interactions. Unlike phagocytosis, this transfer maintains the surface localization of transferred membrane molecules. For example, CD4 T cells engaging with antigen-presenting cells undergo trogocytosis, which facilitates the transfer of antigen-loaded major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II molecules from antigen-presenting cells to CD4 T cells.

Proteolysis targeting chimera (PROTAC)-driven antibody internalization of oncogenic cell surface receptors.

Antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) are increasingly used in clinic for multiple indications and may improve upon the activity of parental antibodies by delivering cytotoxic payloads into target cells. This activity is predicated upon internalization to release the cytotoxic payloads intracellularly. Since binding of ADCs to their cell surface targets does not guarantee their internalization, we hypothesize that proteolysis targeting chimeras (PROTACs) could improve the activity of ADCs through forced internalization.

PSCA-targeted BPX-601 CAR T cells with pharmacological activation by rimiducid in metastatic pancreatic and prostate cancer: a phase 1 dose escalation trial.

Here we report results of a phase 1 multi-institutional, open-label, dose-escalation trial (NCT02744287) of BPX-601, an investigational autologous PSCA-directed GoCAR-T® cell product containing an inducible MyD88/CD40 ON-switch responsive to the activating dimerizer rimiducid, in patients with metastatic pancreatic (mPDAC) or castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). Primary objectives were to evaluate safety and tolerability and determine the recommended phase 2 dose/schedule (RP2D). Secondary objectives included the assessment of efficacy and characterization of the pharmacokinetics of rimiducid.

Factors Associated with Pediatric Drowning-Associated Lung Injury.

Objective: To identify risk factors for clinically-important drowning-associated lung injury (ciDALI) in children.

Study Design: This was a cross-sectional study of children (0 through18 years) who presented to 32 pediatric emergency departments (EDs) from 2010 through 2017. We reviewed demographics, comorbidities, prehospital data, chest radiographs reports, and ED course from emergency medical services, medical, and fatality records.

IMPROVED PORTABLE INSTRUMENT TRACKING SYSTEM FOR SURGICAL TRAINING.

Surgeons in training have a limited opportunity to practice their skills in a realistic surgical environment. Surgical training models are expensive and are often single-use exercises involving consumable supplies. The goal of the work presented in this paper is to increase surgeon training time by developing a surgical training simulator that is portable, inexpensive, and offers a realistic surgical environment.

- a large-scale dataset of 3D medical shapes for computer vision.

Objectives: The shape is commonly used to describe the objects. State-of-the-art algorithms in medical imaging are predominantly diverging from computer vision, where voxel grids, meshes, point clouds, and implicit surface models are used. This is seen from the growing popularity of ShapeNet (51,300 models) and Princeton ModelNet (127,915 models).

Iron and Copper Liver Concentrations in Wilson Disease.

Background And Aims: Wilson disease (WD) results in the defective incorporation of copper into ceruloplasmin as well as decreased biliary copper excretion. Secondary iron overload has also been associated with WD; however, the prevalence is currently unknown. This study aims to determine the prevalence of potential secondary iron overload in patients suspected to have WD.

Qualitative Insights into Resident Perceptions of Teaching Excellence and Educational Curricula.

Objective: The objective of this study was to understand the resident perspective on what makes an excellent surgical educator and to identify gaps in a single-institution-developed "Residents as Teachers" curriculum (RaTC) following the completion of the RaTC by residents at the institution.

Design: A longitudinal 8-hour RaTC was developed and administered in 1-hour sessions over 2 years. Content included interactive clinical and technical skills teaching, feedback, evaluation and assessment, and interpersonal skills.

Dermal Exposure to Agrochemicals as Risk Factor for Skin Cancer in Farmers and Ranchers in the US Central States.

Background: Farm operators are at a high risk of developing skin cancer due to their occupational sun exposure. With the growing incidence of skin cancer, it is also important to evaluate other occupational risk factors. Farm operators confront numerous physical, chemical, and biological hazards in their work environment.

Shared Decision-Making in Total Hip and Knee Arthroplasty: Understanding Surgeon and Patient Perspectives Regarding When It Is Time for Surgery.

Background: Although total hip and total knee arthroplasty are highly successful operations, the decision of whether and when to undergo surgery is highly subjective and discretionary, and specific guidelines regarding readiness for surgery remain elusive. The nature of these decisions underscores the importance of shared decision-making, which is founded on the concept that patients substantially contribute to determining their own readiness for surgery. The OPTION survey was developed as a conversation aid to facilitate shared decision-making in the context of total joint arthroplasty.

Machine Learning Models Decoding the Association Between Urinary Stone Diseases and Metabolic Urinary Profiles.

Employing advanced machine learning models, we aim to identify biomarkers for urolithiasis from 24-h metabolic urinary abnormalities and study their associations with urinary stone diseases. We retrospectively recruited 468 patients at Peking Union Medical College Hospital who were diagnosed with urinary stone disease, including renal, ureteral, and multiple location stones, and had undergone a 24-h urine metabolic evaluation. We applied machine learning methods to identify biomarkers of urolithiasis from the urinary metabolite profiles.

Autophosphorylation of the Tousled-like kinases TLK1 and TLK2 regulates recruitment to damaged chromatin via PCNA interaction.

Tousled-like kinases 1 and 2 (TLK1 and 2) are cell cycle-regulated serine/threonine kinases that are involved in multiple biological processes. Mutation of TLK1 and 2 confer neurodegenerative diseases. Recent studies demonstrate that TLK1 and 2 are involved in DNA repair.

State Variation in Uptake of Pharmacy-Based CLIA-Waived Testing: Impact of Laws and Regulations.

Community pharmacies have grown to be an increasingly important provider of CLIA-waived tests, just second to physician offices as the venue with the most waivers. Yet, individual variation is still observed across states with respect to the percentage of pharmacies holding a CLIA-waiver, with a reported range of 10.7% in Massachusetts to 87.