Effect of tryptophan starvation on inclusion membrane composition and chlamydial-host interactions.

is an obligate intracellular bacterial pathogen that develops within a membrane-bound vacuole called an inclusion. Throughout its developmental cycle, modifies the inclusion membrane (IM) with type III secreted (T3S) membrane proteins, known as inclusion membrane proteins (Incs). Via the IM, manipulates the host cell to acquire lipids and nutrients necessary for its growth.

Presumed bilateral acute idiopathic maculopathy in a pediatric patient.

Purpose: To describe a rare case of presumed bilateral acute idiopathic maculopathy (AIM) in a pediatric patient.

Observation: An 11-year-old male was evaluated for a "fuzzy Dorito-shaped" spot in the central vision of his right eye (OD) that started 3 days before presenting to our clinic. On examination, best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was counting fingers at 5 feet OD, and 20/25 in the left eye (OS).

Hidden in plain sight: abdominopelvic pain unveiling a Spigelian hernia containing ovary and fallopian tube.

Spigelian hernias are rare clinical entities; vague symptomatology and unreliable clinical examination ensure difficult diagnosis. Computed tomography (CT) is critical for accurate diagnosis. Surgical repair is mandated given the high risk of visceral organ incarceration.

Peroral endoscopic myotomy (Z-POEM) versus flexible endoscopic septotomy (FES) for treatment of Zenker's diverticulum: does either make the cut? A systematic review and meta-analysis of outcomes.

Background: Endoscopic treatments of symptomatic Zenker's diverticulum (ZD) include flexible endoscopic septotomy (FES) and, more recently, peroral endoscopic myotomy (Z-POEM). Data comparing these techniques are limited. We conducted a meta-analysis evaluating FES vs.

Associations of fire smoke and other pollutants with incident rheumatoid arthritis and rheumatoid arthritis-associated interstitial lung disease.

Objective: Determine whether pollutants such as fire smoke-related particulate matter smaller than 2.5 microns (PM) are associated with incident rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and RA-associated interstitial lung disease (RA-ILD).

Methods: This case-control study used Veterans Affairs data 10/1/2009-12/31/2018.

Remediation in Pediatric Residency Training: A National Survey of Pediatric Program Directors.

Background: The goal of graduate medical education is for residents to achieve the skills and knowledge to practice medicine independently. While remediation is not uncommon in residency training, evidence is lacking to guide best practices.

Methods: We conducted a national survey of pediatric residency programs regarding their remediation experiences identifying struggling residents, documentating the process, and monitoring progress during remediation.

The polarity of high-definition transcranial direct current stimulation affects the planning and execution of movement sequences.

Noninvasive brain stimulation of the primary motor cortex has been shown to alter therapeutic outcomes in stroke and other neurological conditions, but the precise mechanisms remain poorly understood. Determining the impact of such neurostimulation on the neural processing supporting motor control is a critical step toward further harnessing its therapeutic potential in multiple neurological conditions affecting the motor system. Herein, we leverage the excellent spatio-temporal precision of magnetoencephalographic (MEG) imaging to identify the spectral, spatial, and temporal effects of high-definition transcranial direct current stimulation (HD-tDCS) on the neural responses supporting motor control.

ProBDNF as a Myokine in Skeletal Muscle Injury: Role in Inflammation and Potential for Therapeutic Modulation of p75.

Brain-derived neurotropic factor (BDNF) is expressed by skeletal muscle as a myokine. Our previous work showed that the active precursor, proBDNF, is the predominant form of BDNF expressed in skeletal muscle, and that following skeletal muscle injury, proBDNF levels are significantly increased. However, the function of the muscle-derived proBDNF in injury-induced inflammation has yet to be fully understood.

Nanoscale Characterization of Interaction of Nucleosomes with H1 Linker Histone.

In eukaryotic nuclei, DNA is wrapped around an octamer of core histones to form nucleosomes. H1 binds to the linker DNA of nucleosome to form the chromatosome, the next structural unit of chromatin. Structural features on individual chromatosomes contribute to chromatin structure, but not fully characterized.

Advanced therapies in US veterans with rheumatoid arthritis-associated interstitial lung disease: a retrospective, active-comparator, new-user, cohort study.

Background: Uncertainty exists regarding patient outcomes when using TNF inhibitors versus other biological and targeted synthetic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) in rheumatoid arthritis-associated interstitial lung disease (ILD). We compared survival and respiratory hospitalisation outcomes following initiation of TNF-inhibitor or non-TNF inhibitor biological or targeted synthetic DMARDs for treatment of rheumatoid arthritis-associated ILD.

Methods: We did a retrospective, active-comparator, new-user, observational cohort study with propensity score matching following the target trial emulation framework using US Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) electronic and administrative health records.

Preclinical pharmacokinetics, absolute bioavailability and dose proportionality evaluation of bioactive phytochemical Withanone in rats.

Withanone (WN), a bioactive phytochemical isolated from the medicinal herb Withania somnifera, has shown multiple pharmacological and therapeutic successes, including neuroprotective and anti-cancer activities. However, detailed pharmacokinetic (PK) properties of pure WN were not well defined. Pharmacokinetic (PK) characteristics, dose proportionality, and absolute bioavailability of pure WN were explored in rats using an efficient, reliable, and sensitive LC-MS/MS assay to address this gap.

Representation of Women in Atrial Fibrillation Ablation Randomized Controlled Trials: Systematic Review.

Background: Sex inequality in randomized controlled trials (RCTs) related to cardiovascular disease has been observed. This study examined the proportion of women enrolled in atrial fibrillation (AF) ablation RCTs and the potential risks of underrepresentation of women.

Methods And Results: We systematically searched PubMed and Embase for AF ablation RCTs published from 2015 to 2022.

Evaluating the Efficacy of and Preference for Interactive Computer Training with Student-Generated Examples.

Designing effective and preferred teaching practices for undergraduate students are common goals in behavior analytic training programs. A preliminary study by Nava et al. (2019) showed that undergraduate students generally rated peer-generated examples of the principles of behavior analysis as more preferred, relatable, and culturally responsive than traditional textbook examples.

Week 96 Results of Bictegravir/Emtricitabine/Tenofovir Alafenamide for HIV Treatment in People With Substance Use Disorders.

Background: The BASE study (NCT03998176), a phase 4, 48-week (W), single-arm, prospective trial, revealed that the use of bictegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide (B/F/TAF) in people with HIV and substance use disorders (PWH/SUD) was safe and effective without emergent antiretroviral resistance despite incomplete adherence. Here, we present the W96 results.

Methods: A retrospective analysis of all participants enrolled in the BASE study was completed from W48 to W96.

Driving key partner engagement by integrating community-engaged principles into a stakeholder analysis: A qualitative study.

Introduction: The stakeholder analysis approach has historically been top-down rather than collaborative with key partners. However, this approach poses challenges for key partner engagement and community-engaged research, which aims to incorporate key partners throughout the project. This study, conducted by the Community Engagement Network at a Midwest Academic Medical Center, seeks to examine the value of community-engaged research for diverse key partners to increase collaboration, strengthen partnerships, and enhance impact, ultimately driving key partner engagement.

Evolving trends in novel sleep tracking and sleep testing technology publications between 2020-2022.

Study Objectives: To update sleep medicine providers regarding (1) published research on the uses and performance of novel sleep tracking and testing technologies (2) the use of artificial intelligence to acquire and process sleep data and (3) research trends and gaps regarding the development and/or evaluation of these technologies.

Methods: Medline and Embase electronic databases were searched for studies utilizing screening and diagnostic sleep technologies, published between 2020 and 2022 in journals focusing on human sleep. Studies' quality was determined based on the Study Design criteria of The Oxford Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine Levels of Evidence.

Coenzyme Q deficiency disrupts lipid metabolism by altering cholesterol homeostasis in neurons.

Coenzyme Q (CoQ) is a critical component of the mitochondrial respiratory chain. CoQ deficiencies often cause a variety of clinical syndromes, often involving encephalopathies. The heterogeneity of clinical manifestations implies different pathomechanisms, reflecting CoQ involvement in several biological processes.

Takotsubo Syndrome Following Catheter Ablation for Atrial Fibrillation: A Systematic Review and Metasummary of Case Reports/Series.

Atrial fibrillation (AF) catheter ablation is safe and effective, though rare cases of takotsubo syndrome (TTS) have been observed without proven causation. This review synthesizes TTS following AF ablation case reports and series. Until October 2024, PubMed/Medline, SCOPUS, and Google Scholar were searched for AF ablation and TTS case reports and series.