Neurobehavioral consequences of repetitive head impacts in Para swimming: A case report.

Para swimmers with limb deficiency are faced with the particular situation that they must use their head to finish each competition by a hit to the wall. Repetitive head impacts may impair behavioral and brain functions. We therefore investigated neurobehavioral functions of a Para swimmer with dysmelia before and after repetitive head impacts (T1) and without (T2).

iHeard STL: Development and first year findings from a local surveillance and rapid response system for addressing COVID-19 and other health misinformation.

Background: The U.S. Surgeon General and others have emphasized a critical need to address COVID-19 misinformation to protect public health.

We Have a Voice: An Examination of Intimate Partner Violence in a Native American Community.

Indigenous people experience a higher rate of intimate partner violence (IPV) than other racial/ethnic groups; however, limited research examines IPV among this population. In collaboration with a tribe in the western United States, this study surveyed a sample of indigenous people ( = 27) to learn about their experiences with victimization. Results show that respondents experienced high amounts of recent relationship and lifetime victimization, mostly consistent with previous literature.

Multifractal foundations of biomarker discovery for heart disease and stroke.

Any reliable biomarker has to be specific, generalizable, and reproducible across individuals and contexts. The exact values of such a biomarker must represent similar health states in different individuals and at different times within the same individual to result in the minimum possible false-positive and false-negative rates. The application of standard cut-off points and risk scores across populations hinges upon the assumption of such generalizability.

Hidradenitis suppurativa associated telomere-methylome dysregulations in blood.

Background: Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a chronic debilitating disease with a significant burden of both organic and psychological comorbidities. It has been shown that certain telomere-related genes (TRGs) affect a wide range of diseases, including HS and its associated comorbidities, but their exact role in HS pathogenesis is still unknown.

Objectives: To determine whether TRG methylomes can be used as biomarkers in HS.

Real-Time Visual Kinematic Feedback During Overground Walking Improves Gait Biomechanics in Individuals Post-Stroke.

Treadmill-based gait rehabilitation protocols have shown that real-time visual biofeedback can promote learning of improved gait biomechanics, but previous feedback work has largely involved treadmill walking and not overground gait. The objective of this study was to determine the short-term response to hip extension visual biofeedback, with individuals post-stroke, during unconstrained overground walking. Individuals post-stroke typically have a decreased paretic propulsion and walking speed, but increasing hip extension angle may enable the paretic leg to better translate force anteriorly during push-off.

Comparison of virtual reality to physical box and blocks on cortical an neuromuscualar activations in young adults.

The purpose of this study was to assess the changes in neural activations when performing the box and block test (BBT) in virtual reality (VR) compared to the physical BBT. Young healthy participants performed three trials of the BBT with their left and right hands in both the VR BBT, using VR hand controllers, and physical BBT conditions. Electromyography sensors were placed on the upper extremity of both arms and functional near-infrared spectroscopy was used to measure motor cortex activations throughout each condition.

Nurses' Experience Implementing an Automated Video Monitoring System to Decrease the Risk of Patient Falls during a Global Pandemic.

Healthcare is a complex sociotechnical system where information systems (IS) and information technology (IT) intersect to solve problems experienced by patients and providers alike. One example of IS/IT in hospitals is the Ocuvera automated video monitoring system (AVMS), which has been implemented in more than 30 hospitals. The purpose of this study was to evaluate nurses' attitudes toward AVMS implementation over time as they received the training program developed for this intervention.

Antibiotic-induced gut dysbiosis and cognitive, emotional, and behavioral changes in rodents: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

There are previous epidemiological studies reporting associations between antibiotic use and psychiatric symptoms. Antibiotic-induced gut dysbiosis and alteration of microbiota-gut-brain axis communication has been proposed to play a role in this association. In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we reviewed published articles that have presented results on changes in cognition, emotion, and behavior in rodents (rats and mice) after antibiotic-induced gut dysbiosis.

A viscoelastic constitutive model for human femoropopliteal arteries.

High failure rates present challenges for surgical and interventional therapies for peripheral artery disease of the femoropopliteal artery (FPA). The FPA's demanding biomechanical environment necessitates complex interactions with repair devices and materials. While a comprehensive understanding of the FPA's mechanical characteristics could improve medical treatments, the viscoelastic properties of these muscular arteries remain poorly understood, and the constitutive model describing their time-dependent behavior is absent.

Impact of a TLR9 agonist and broadly neutralizing antibodies on HIV-1 persistence: the randomized phase 2a TITAN trial.

Inducing antiretroviral therapy (ART)-free virological control is a critical step toward a human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) cure. In this phase 2a, placebo-controlled, double-blinded trial, 43 people (85% males) with HIV-1 on ART were randomized to (1) placebo/placebo, (2) lefitolimod (TLR9 agonist)/placebo, (3) placebo/broadly neutralizing anti-HIV-1 antibodies (bNAbs) or (4) lefitolimod/bNAb. ART interruption (ATI) started at week 3.

Mechanics of the human foot during walking on different slopes.

When humans walk on slopes, the ankle, knee, and hip joints modulate their mechanical work to accommodate the mechanical demands. Yet, it is unclear if the foot modulates its work output during uphill and downhill walking. Therefore, we quantified the mechanical work performed by the foot and its subsections of twelve adults walked on five randomized slopes (-10°, -5°, 0°, +5°, +10°).

Antimalarial Dibenzannulated Medium-Ring Keto Lactams.

We discovered dibenzannulated medium-ring keto lactams (11,12-dihydro-5-dibenzo[,]azonine-6,13-diones) as a new antimalarial chemotype. Most of these had chromatographic LogD values ranging from <0 to 3 and good kinetic solubilities (12.5 to >100 μg/mL at pH 6.

Integrating glycolysis, citric acid cycle, pentose phosphate pathway, and fatty acid beta-oxidation into a single computational model.

The metabolic network of a living cell is highly intricate and involves complex interactions between various pathways. In this study, we propose a computational model that integrates glycolysis, the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP), the fatty acids beta-oxidation, and the tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA cycle) using queueing theory. The model utilizes literature data on metabolite concentrations and enzyme kinetic constants to calculate the probabilities of individual reactions occurring on a microscopic scale, which can be viewed as the reaction rates on a macroscopic scale.

Motivation and Behaviors Related to Sport Specialization in Collegiate Baseball Players.

Context: Early sport specialization is a growing concern among youth sport athletes, particularly in baseball. Motivation to participate in sports is an important factor in determining which sports youth athletes participate in and why.

Objective: To qualitatively investigate the youth sport participation behaviors and motivations of collegiate baseball players.

Sexual Violence Disclosure in #Notokay: Disclosure Goals, Disclosure-Facilitating Resources, and Overall Disclosure Trajectory.

This study investigated the disclosure goals, disclosure-facilitating resources, and overall disclosure trajectory of 16 women who participated in the 2016 #notokay antisexual violence campaign. Findings indicate that most participants' disclosure goals were approach focused. Factors that facilitated disclosure were social media affordances and psychological, professional, and financial resources.

Dual-task differences in individuals with chronic ankle instability: A systematic review with meta-analysis.

Background: Individuals with Chronic Ankle Instability (CAI) demonstrate altered gait mechanics, impaired proprioception, and decreased postural control. In addition, individuals with CAI have been found to have complex neurophysiological changes, including during dual-task perturbations. However, the results of studies on whether cognitive tasks affect postural control are inconclusive.

Temporal organization of stride-to-stride variations contradicts predictive models for sensorimotor control of footfalls during walking.

Walking exhibits stride-to-stride variations. Given ongoing perturbations, these variations critically support continuous adaptations between the goal-directed organism and its surroundings. Here, we report that stride-to-stride variations during self-paced overground walking show cascade-like intermittency-stride intervals become uneven because stride intervals of different sizes interact and do not simply balance each other.

and post-natal opioid exposure followed by mild traumatic brain injury contributes to cortical neuroinflammation, mitochondrial dysfunction, and behavioral deficits in juvenile rats.

Maternal opioid use poses a significant health concern not just to the expectant mother but also to the fetus. Notably, increasing numbers of children born suffering from neonatal opioid withdrawal syndrome (NOWS) further compounds the crisis. While epidemiological research has shown the heightened risk factors associated with NOWS, little research has investigated what molecular mechanisms underly the vulnerabilities these children carry throughout development and into later life.

Prevalence and Factors Associated With Vaping Cannabidiol Among US Adolescents.

Importance: e-Cigarette use and vaping marijuana (cannabis) are popular among US adolescents. Cannabidiol (CBD) is a compound found in the cannabis plant that has recently increased in use.

Objectives: To examine the prevalence of and factors associated with youths vaping CBD.

Using human-in-the-loop optimization for guiding manual prosthesis adjustments: a proof-of-concept study.

Human-in-the-loop optimization algorithms have proven useful in optimizing complex interactive problems, such as the interaction between humans and robotic exoskeletons. Specifically, this methodology has been proven valid for reducing metabolic cost while wearing robotic exoskeletons. However, many prostheses and orthoses still consist of passive elements that require manual adjustments of settings.

Curcumin Stereoisomer, Cis-Trans Curcumin, as a Novel Ligand to A and A Adenosine Receptors.

Adenosine receptors (ARs) are being explored to generate non-opioid pain therapeutics. Vanilloid compounds, curcumin, capsaicin, and vanillin possess antinociceptive properties through their interactions with the transient receptor potential channel family. However, their binding with adenosine receptors has not been well studied.