14 results match your criteria: "University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna Vienna[Affiliation]"
The rollout of electric vehicles and photovoltaic panels is essential to mitigate climate change. However, they depend on technology-critical elements (TCEs), which can be harmful to human health and whose use is rapidly expanding, while recycling is lacking. While mining has received substantial attention, in-use dissipation in urban areas has so far not been assessed, for example, corrosion and abrasion of vehicle components and weather-related effects affecting thin-film photovoltaic panels.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFZookeys
March 2023
Division of Zoology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Rooseveltov trg 6, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia University of Zagreb Zagreb Croatia.
The cranefly (Tipuloidea) fauna of the Western Balkans is still poorly known. In this study, occurrence data of 77 species is reported, of which two species are newly recorded for Albania, eight species for Bosnia and Herzegovina, twelve for Croatia, and seven for Slovenia, respectively. A new species, Kolcsár & d'Oliveira, is described from Bosnia and Herzegovina, Montenegro, and Slovenia.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFForest-based mitigation strategies will play a pivotal role in achieving the rapid and deep net-emission reductions required to prevent catastrophic climate change. However, large disagreement prevails on how to forge forest-based mitigation strategies, in particular in regions where forests are currently growing in area and carbon density. Two opposing viewpoints prevail in the current discourse: (1) A widespread viewpoint, specifically in countries in the Global North, favours enhanced wood use, including bioenergy, for substitution of emissions-intensive products and processes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEvol Appl
April 2022
Population Genomics Group Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Department of Veterinary Sciences LMU Munich Munich Germany.
The contribution of domestic cattle in human societies is enormous, making cattle, along with other essential benefits, the economically most important domestic animal in the world today. To expand existing knowledge on cattle domestication and mitogenome diversity, we performed a comprehensive complete mitogenome analysis of the species (802 sequences, 114 breeds). A large sample was collected in South-east Europe, an important agricultural gateway to Europe during Neolithization and a region rich in cattle biodiversity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEur J Soil Sci
September 2020
Department of Material Sciences and Process Engineering, Institute of Molecular Modeling and Simulation University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna Vienna Austria.
Unlabelled: Soil organic matter (SOM) is abundant in the environment and plays an important role in several biogeochemical processes, including microbial activity, soil aggregation, plant growth and carbon storage. One of its key functions is the retention and release of various chemical compounds, primarily governed by the sorption process, which strongly affects the environmental fate of nutrients and pollutants. Sorption largely depends on the composition of SOM, as well as its structure, dynamics and the thermodynamic conditions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRiver Res Appl
June 2020
Institute of Hydraulic Engineering and River Research, Department of Water, Atmosphere and Environment BOKU-University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna Vienna Austria.
Connectivity of nurseries and spawning habitats for young of the year life stage is essential for successful recruitment of fish populations and therefore provides a key indicator for river restoration measures. Models for dispersal offer the potential to draw conclusions regarding restoration scenarios and to fill knowledge gaps about possible implications for fish populations. A newly developed rheoreaction-based correlated random walk model (RCRW), in combination with a three-dimensional numerical model and a non-steady-state particle tracing model, was applied for nase carp larvae () before and after a restoration project on the river Danube, Austria.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAutomated recording units are commonly used by consultants to assess environmental impacts and to monitor animal populations. Although estimating population density of bats using stationary acoustic detectors is key for evaluating environmental impacts, estimating densities from call activity data is only possible through recently developed numerical methods, as the recognition of calling individuals is impossible.We tested the applicability of generalized random encounter models (gREMs) for determining population densities of three bat species (Common pipistrelle , Northern bat , and Natterer's bat ) based on passively collected acoustical data.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFStructural complexity is known to determine habitat quality for insectivorous bats, but how bats respond to habitat complexity in highly modified areas such as urban green spaces has been little explored. Furthermore, it is uncertain whether a recently developed measure of structural complexity is as effective as field-based surveys when applied to urban environments. We assessed whether image-derived structural complexity (MIG) was as/more effective than field-based descriptors in this environment and evaluated the response of insectivorous bats to structural complexity in urban green spaces.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEcol Evol
June 2017
Swiss National Park Chastè Planta-Wildenberg Zernez Switzerland.
Weaponry in ungulates may be costly to grow and maintain, and different selective pressures in males and females may lead to sex-biased natural survival. Sexual differences in the relationship between weapon growth and survival may increase under anthropogenic selection through culling, for example because of trophy hunting. Selection on weaponry growth under different scenarios has been largely investigated in males of highly dimorphic ungulates, for which survival costs (either natural or hunting related) are thought to be greatest.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Plant Sci
February 2017
Department of Integrative Biology and Biodiversity Research, Institute of Zoology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna Vienna, Austria.
Seed dressing, i.e., the treatment of crop seeds with insecticides and/or fungicides, aiming to protect seeds from pests and diseases, is widely used in conventional agriculture.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Genet
May 2015
Division of Livestock Sciences, Department of Sustainable Agricultural Systems, BOKU-University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna Vienna, Austria.
Ecol Evol
March 2015
Division of Systematics and Evolutionary Botany, Department of Botany and Biodiversity Research, University of Vienna Vienna, Austria ; GLORIA co-ordination, Center for Global Change and Sustainability, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna Vienna, Austria ; Institute for Interdisciplinary Mountain Research, Austrian Academy of Sciences Innsbruck, Austria.
Areas of immediate contact of different cytotypes offer a unique opportunity to study evolutionary dynamics within heteroploid species and to assess isolation mechanisms governing coexistence of cytotypes of different ploidy. The degree of reproductive isolation of cytotypes, that is, the frequency of heteroploid crosses and subsequent formation of viable and (partly) fertile hybrids, plays a crucial role for the long-term integrity of lineages in contact zones. Here, we assessed fine-scale distribution, spatial clustering, and ecological niches as well as patterns of gene flow in parental and hybrid cytotypes in zones of immediate contact of di-, tetra-, and hexaploid Senecio carniolicus (Asteraceae) in the Eastern Alps.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Plant Sci
June 2014
Institute of Botany, University of Basel Basel, Switzerland ; Department of Integrative Biology and Biodiversity Research, Institute of Zoology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna Vienna, Austria.
Earthworms (EWs) can modify soil structure and nutrient availability, and hence alter conditions for plant growth through their burrowing and casting activities. However, few studies have specifically quantified EW effects by experimentally manipulating earthworm densities (EWDs). In an earlier field study in native grassland ecosystems exposed to ambient and experimentally elevated rainfall (+280 mm year(-1), projected under some climate change scenarios), we found no effects of EWDs (37, 114, 169 EW m(-2)) and corresponding EW activity on aboveground net primary productivity (ANPP), even though soil nutrient availability likely increased with increasing EWDs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Microbiol
June 2014
Terrestrial Ecosystem Research, Department of Microbiology and Ecosystem Science, University of Vienna Vienna, Austria.
Terrestrial microbial decomposer communities thrive on a wide range of organic matter types that rarely ever meet their elemental demands. In this review we synthesize the current state-of-the-art of microbial adaptations to resource stoichiometry, in order to gain a deeper understanding of the interactions between heterotrophic microbial communities and their chemical environment. The stoichiometric imbalance between microbial communities and their organic substrates generally decreases from wood to leaf litter and further to topsoil and subsoil organic matter.
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