Landscape influences bat suppression of pine processionary moth: Implications for pest management.

Bats provide important ecosystem services, particularly in agriculture, yet integrating bat management into conservation plans remains challenging. Some landscape features considerably influence bat presence, diversity, and ecosystem service provision. Understanding the relationship between landscape structure, composition, pest suppression, and ecosystem services is crucial.

Humic extracts from raw or composted coffee husks as novel chitosan crosslinkers for the synthesis of sustainable nanoparticles with antioxidant properties.

Coffee husks have been valorised by isolating humic materials before (HLS-Raw) or after (HS-Comp) composting them. Such substrates were reacted with chitosan at different ratios to synthesize novel nanoparticles (NP) with radical scavenging properties. Size and antioxidant activity of nanomaterials increased at higher HS/chitosan ratio, while zeta potential decreased.

Impact of FESS on symptomatology and quality of life of patients with CRSsNP.

Purpose: Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) has an impact on health related quality of life (HRQOL). The objective of this study was to examine generic and disease specific HRQOL and symptoms in CRS patients before and 6 months after sinus surgery.

Methods: This prospective, observational study consisted of 30 patients with chronic sinusitis.

Intracardiac fluid dynamic analysis: available techniques and novel clinical applications.

There is a growing interest in the potential use of intracardiac fluid dynamic analysis to better understand cardiac mechanics and identify novel imaging biomarkers of cardiovascular disease. Abnormalities of vortex formation and shape may in fact play a critical role in cardiac function, affecting both efficiency and myocardial workload. Recent advances in imaging technologies have significantly improved our ability to analyze these dynamic flow patterns in vivo, offering new insights into both normal and pathological cardiac conditions.

Confinement-sensitive volume regulation dynamics via high-speed nuclear morphological measurements.

Diverse tissues in vivo present varying degrees of confinement, constriction, and compression to migrating cells in both homeostasis and disease. The nucleus in particular is subjected to external forces by the physical environment during confined migration. While many systems have been developed to induce nuclear deformation and analyze resultant functional changes, much remains unclear about dynamic volume regulation in confinement due to limitations in time resolution and difficulty imaging in PDMS-based microfluidic chips.

Clinico-pathological predictors of radiologic complete response to first-line anti-HER2 therapy in metastatic breast cancer.

This study aimed to identify the clinico-pathological variables predictive of radiologic complete response (rCR) to first-line anti-HER2 therapy in patients with HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer. Patients were selected from the database of the GIM14 study and classified according to the best radiologic response obtained to first-line anti-HER2 therapy and upon time-to-treatment-discontinuation (TTD). A total of 545 patients were included in the analysis.

Actionable non-small cell lung cancer mutation identification by comprehensive genomic profiling for clinical trial enrollment: the European Program for the ROutine testing of Patients with Advanced lung cancer (EPROPA).

Background: To reduce the gap about the relevant heterogeneity of molecular testing and cancer care across Europe, Women Against Lung Cancer in Europe (WALCE) promoted the European Program for ROutine testing of Patients with Advanced lung cancer (EPROPA) and provided a free-of-charge molecular profiling platform for non-small cell lung cancer sample characterization with the aim of increasing the detection of targetable drivers and improving patients' access to clinical trials.

Methods: From January 2021 to December 2023, 20 centres located at 5 different European countries (Greece, Slovenia, Romania, Albania and Italy) joined EPROPA, with 555 advanced NSCLC patients registered into the program. Anonymized patients' clinical-pathological data were shared through the EPROPA web platform and tissue samples were collected to the Molecular Pathology Unit of the Reference Center (University of Turin) for molecular analyses.

External Validation of the ISGPS Complexity Grading System for Minimally Invasive Pancreatoduodenectomy: Insights from the IGOMIPS registry.

Objective: To validate the ISGPS complexity grading system for minimally invasive pancreaticoduodenectomy (MIPD).

Background: Although concerns about patient safety persist, MIPD is gaining popularity. The ISGPS recently introduced a difficulty grading system to improve patient selection by aligning procedural complexity with surgeon and center expertise.

Pathological findings at invasive assessment in MINOCA: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Pathological mechanisms of myocardial infarction with non-obstructive coronary arteries (MINOCA) are heterogeneous, with an unknown impact on prognosis, and often remain unrecognised in clinical practice. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence and prognostic impact of pathological findings by invasive coronary angiography (ICA), optical coherence tomography (OCT), and coronary function testing in MINOCA.

Methods: Studies published until August 2023 were searched on PubMed and SCOPUS and included if reporting the prevalence of patients with non-obstructive coronary arteries (NObs-CA; 1-49% coronary stenosis) versus normal coronary arteries (NCA; 0% coronary stenosis) by ICA, pathological findings by OCT, and/or coronary vasomotor tests in MINOCA.

Structural insights into temperature-dependent dynamics of METPsc1, a miniaturized electron-transfer protein.

The design of protein-metal complexes is rapidly advancing, with applications spanning catalysis, sensing, and bioremediation. We report a comprehensive investigation of METPsc1, a Miniaturized Electron Transfer Protein, in complex with cadmium. This study elucidates the impact of metal coordination on protein folding and structural dynamics across temperatures from 100 K to 300 K.

Zeolite Additives for Flexible Packaging Polymers: Current Status Review and Future Perspectives.

Zeolites are interesting inorganic additives that could be employed for plastic packaging applications. Polyethylene (PE) and polypropylene (PP) are intensively used for packaging as they provide great performance at low cost, even though they have poor environmental sustainability and may be more valorized. Biodegradable polymers may therefore represent a more eco-friendly alternative, but still, they have limited applications due to their generally inferior properties.

Capsular Contracture After Breast Augmentation: Our Approach to Prevent Reoccurrence with Combined Total Capsulectomy and Implantation of Motiva Ergonomix® Implants.

Background: Breast augmentation is the second most common aesthetic surgery worldwide. Capsular contracture, a prevalent complication which affects up to 30% of patients post-surgery, often leads to further necessary surgeries.

Objectives: This study investigates the effectiveness of total capsulectomy combined with Motiva Ergonomix® implant replacement in resolving capsular contracture and minimizing recurrence rates.

Prevalence of hypovitaminosis D in pregnancy and potential benefits of oral supplementation.

Objective: To evaluate prevalence of hypovitaminosis D in a cohort of Italian pregnant women, and to evaluate potential benefits of oral supplementation Methods: Observational cohort of women with singleton gestations who were referred to our institution for first trimester prenatal visit. Screening for hypovitaminosis D was performed at the time of first trimester routine scan between 11 and 13 weeks of gestations. Women were offered measurement of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D).

Factors influencing the acceptability of automated insulin delivery systems in youths with type 1 diabetes and their parents.

Aims: New technology has been reported as a factor driving people to choose an automatic insulin delivery system (AIDs) and to sustain its acceptance. We aimed to explore the role of continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) technology (instant scanning vs. real-time) and insulin treatment modality to determine the future acceptance of AIDs among T1D individuals.

Structure-based targeting of the lipid A-modifying enzyme PmrC to contrast colistin resistance in .

Introduction: Antimicrobial-resistant pathogens are an ongoing threat to human and animal health. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), colistin is considered the last resort antibiotic against human infections due to multidrug-resistant Gram-negative organisms-including , a priority-1 pathogen. Despite colistin being considered a last resort antibiotic, transferable bacterial resistance to this drug has been reported in humans and animals.

Women With Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia Have Favorable Pregnancy Outcomes but Prolonged Time to Conceive.

Objective: To study pregnancy outcomes and complications in women with congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH).

Methods: A retrospective multicenter study was conducted at tertiary reference centers in 5 countries (Austria, Germany, Italy, Sweden, USA), including 72 adult women with CAH (nonclassic [NC] n = 34, simple virilizing [SV] n = 21, salt wasting [SW] n = 17).

Results: A total of 133 pregnancies, 112 live births, and 25 abortions were documented.

Investigating the antiproliferative and antioxidant potential of xanthoxylin and of essential oil isolated from Pulicaria incisa (Lam.) DC. herbal medicine.

In this study have been evaluated the antiproliferative and antioxidant activities of Israeli Pulicaria incisa (Lam.) DC. essential oil (Pi1), of essential oil partially purified by xanthoxylin (Pi2), one of its feature metabolites, and the isolated xanthoxylin (Xan).

The association between patients' personality traits and pain perception during orthodontic treatment: a systematic review.

Background: Orthodontic treatment is frequently correlated with different levels of discomfort and pain, caused by the application of forces to move the teeth. The mechanism of orthodontic pain is based on the initially activation of sensory receptors in periodontal tissues which results in a cascade of nociceptive pain processing and transduction in both the central and peripheral nervous systems that is finally experienced by patients. The perception of pain is subjective and varies among people, as it is influenced by both general and individual elements.

Cannabidiol can affect morphology, morphometry, enzymatic and microbial activity of rabbit digestive system.

The present research aimed to evaluate the effects of the continuative dietary administration of a hemp oil extract containing cannabinoids (cannabidiol, CBD) on the macroscopic morphology, morphometry, and enzymatic activity of different intestinal tracts as well as on the production of short chain fatty acids (SCFA) in the cecum of growing rabbits. The research was performed on 16 rabbits randomly selected from 2 experimental groups (8 per group). In detail, 42, sixty-day-old New Zealand White x California rabbits (sex ratio 1:1, average weight 1621.

Rituximab versus placebo for chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy: a randomized trial.

Chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy (CIDP) often requires prolonged ongoing treatment to prevent worsening. The efficacy of rituximab in preventing worsening after the discontinuation of immunoglobulin therapy in CIDP patients was assessed. In this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study, conducted at seven Italian hospitals, CIDP patients under immunoglobulin therapy were assigned to receive either rituximab (1g on days 1, 15, and 180±7) or placebo.

Prooxidant state in anticancer drugs and prospect use of mitochondrial cofactors and anti-inflammatory agents in cancer prevention.

An extensive body of literature has associated cancer with redox imbalance and inflammatory conditions. Thus, several studies and current clinical practice have relied on the use of anticancer drugs known to be associated with prooxidant state. On the other hand, a number of studies have reported on the effects of several antioxidants, anti-inflammatory agents and of mitochondrial cofactors (also termed mitochondrial nutrients, MNs) in counteracting or slowing carcinogenesis, or in controlling cancer growth.

On the increase of the melting temperature of water confined in one-dimensional nano-cavities.

Water confined in nanoscale cavities plays a crucial role in everyday phenomena in geology and biology, as well as technological applications at the water-energy nexus. However, even understanding the basic properties of nano-confined water is extremely challenging for theory, simulations, and experiments. In particular, determining the melting temperature of quasi-one-dimensional ice polymorphs confined in carbon nanotubes has proven to be an exceptionally difficult task, with previous experimental and classical simulation approaches reporting values ranging from ∼180 K up to ∼450 K at ambient pressure.

Effect of elite sport activity on salivary microbiota: The case of water polo.

It has been well established that the human gut microbiota plays a pivotal role in humans' health, since it is involved in nutrients' uptake, vitamins' synthesis, energy harvest, inflammatory modulation, and host immune responses. Moreover, gut microbiota alterations have been associated to an increasing number of diseases and its composition can be affected by several factors, including physical exercise. In particular, it has been reported that intense physical activity can induce metabolic changes which translate in alterations of specific biomarkers that can lead to the onset of infections, inflammation and hepatic or kidney disorders.

Olive growing in the Sorrento Peninsula: Operative, economic, and environmental evaluation trough LCA of mechanical harvesting.

Optimizing high-productivity farming techniques trough mechanization and lower workforce input in terraced olive groves is helpful to preserve local olive oil production, reducing costs and preserving ecosystem functionality. However, efficient work organisation should be provided. Moreover, mechanization can affect environmental sustainability.

Nutritional status and gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms: lights and shadows with a clinical guide from the NIKE Group.

Neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) originating in the gastroenteropancreatic (GEP) tract are rare tumors often associated with significant metabolic disturbances and nutritional challenges. This review explores the intricate relationship between nutritional status and the development, progression, and prognosis of GEP-NENs. Through an extensive literature search encompassing studies up to April 2024, we examined various factors, including obesity, malnutrition, metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes mellitus, and their roles in the development and progression of GEP-NENs.