Remineralisation of mineral-deficient dentine induced by experimental ion-releasing materials in combination with a biomimetic dual-analogue primer.

Objectives: Evaluate the remineralisation ability of experimental resin-based materials containing Fluoride-Doped Calcium Phosphate (FDCP), applied in mineral-deficient dentine in combination with a biomimetic dual-analogue primer.

Methods: Artificial dentine carious lesions were created in occlusal cavities of human molars. An experimental resin-based adhesive and flowable composite, containing FDCP (10wt% and 20wt%, respectively), were applied (±) with a biomimetic primer containing polyacrylic acid and sodium tripolyphosphate.

Fever management in children and insights into fever of unknown origin: a survey among Italian pediatricians.

Background: Fever is a common symptom in children, but despite existing guidelines, pediatricians may not fully apply recommendations. Fever of Unknown Origin (FUO) is generally referred to as an unexplained prolonged fever. However, a standardized FUO definition and management is missing.

Light enhanced cytotoxicity and antitumoral effect of a ruthenium-based photosensitizer inspired from natural alkaloids.

In this work, we report on the synthesis and properties of a new sensitizer for photodynamic therapy applications, constituted by a ruthenium(ii) complex (1) featuring a ligand inspired from natural isoquinoline alkaloids. The spectroscopic analysis revealed that 1 is characterized by an intense red emission ( = 620 nm, = 0.17) when excited at 550 nm, a low energy radiation warranting for a safe therapeutic approach.

Deciphering the role of neutral diruthenium complexes in protein binding.

The charge of paddlewheel diruthenium complexes has a major role in defining their interaction with proteins: negatively charged complexes bind proteins non-covalently, while cationic complexes form adducts where the Ru core binds to Asp side chains at the equatorial sites, or to the main chain carbonyl groups or the side chains of His, Arg or Lys residues at the axial sites. Here we study the interactions of the neutral compound [Ru(D-p-FPhF)(OCCH)(OCO)]·3HO (D-p-FPhF = N,N'-bis(4-fluorophenyl)formamidinate), a very rare example of a paddlewheel diruthenium compound with three different equatorial ligands, with the model protein bovine pancreatic ribonuclease (RNase A) by means of UV-visible absorption spectroscopy, circular dichroism (CD), electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) and X-ray crystallography. It is the first attempt to investigate the binding of a neutral diruthenium compound to a protein.

The Non-invasive Assessment of the Pulmonary Circulation-Right Ventricular Functional Unit: Diagnostic and Prognostic Implications.

The pulmonary circulation and the right ventricle play a pivotal role in the global hemodynamics of human beings, so much so that their close interaction is encapsulated in the concept of a "morpho-functional unit". In this review we aim to pinpoint the strengths and weaknesses of various noninvasive established techniques. The goal is to detect early morphologic and/or functional changes in the pulmonary circulation and right ventricular unit, which is crucial for tailoring treatments and prognostic assessments.

Normal Hemodynamic Response to Exercise.

Exercise pulmonary hypertension has been invasively defined as mean pulmonary artery pressure/cardiac output slope greater than 3 mm Hg/L/min. Recent advances suggest the sustainable role of exercise Doppler echocardiography for the study of the right heart and pulmonary circulation unit (RH-PCU). Herein, the authors review the invasive versus non-invasive monitoring of the RH-PCU response to exercise in healthy subjects.

How I Do It: Madrid posterior component separation in 10 steps, with special consideration of its anatomy.

Purpose: The Madrid Posterior Component Separation technique (Madrid PCS) is an approach for abdominal wall reconstruction that leverages anatomical landmarks to optimize outcomes. This manuscript describes ten essential steps for performing the Madrid PCS, focusing on technique, safety, and efficiency.

Methods: A comprehensive step-by-step approach is outlined, beginning with the initial incision and adhesiolysis, progressing through retromuscular dissection, and concluding with lateral release and subxiphoid dissection.

Evaluation of Myocarditis in Patients With Still Disease: Clinical Findings From the Multicenter International AIDA Network Still Disease Registry.

Objective: We aimed to (1) evaluate the cardiac involvement, with a focus on myocarditis, in patients with Still disease included in the multicenter Autoinflammatory Disease Alliance (AIDA) Network Still disease registry; and (2) assess the predictive factors for myocarditis by deriving a clinical risk patient profile for this severe manifestation.

Methods: A multicenter observational study was established, in which consecutive patients with Still disease in the AIDA Network Still disease registry were characterized by cardiac involvement. Cardiac involvement was defined according to the presence of pericarditis, tamponade, myocarditis, and/or aseptic endocarditis.

Multi-year enzyme expression in patients with mucopolysaccharidosis type VI after liver-directed gene therapy.

Background: Mucopolysaccharidosis type VI (MPS VI) is due to a deficiency of the lysosomal enzyme arylsulfatase B (ARSB) that results in multi-organ accumulation of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs). Limitations of current treatments prompted the development of a liver-directed gene therapy clinical trial for MPS VI.

Methods: We report the long-term follow-up of patients with MPS VI who discontinued enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) and received a single intravenous infusion of high-dose (6 × 10 genome copies/kg) recombinant adeno-associated virus serotype 8 (AAV8) vector expressing ARSB under the control of a liver-specific promoter (ClinicalTrials.

Simultaneous and Rapid Detection of Glucose and Insulin: Coupling Enzymatic and Aptamer-Based Assays.

Diabetes management demands precise monitoring of key biomarkers, particularly insulin (I) and glucose (G). Herein, we present a bioelectronic chip device that enables the simultaneous detection of I and G in biofluids within 2 min. This dual biosensor chip integrates aptamer-based insulin sensing with enzymatic glucose detection on a single platform, employing a four-electrode sensor chip.

Oxindole derivatives alleviate paracetamol-induced nephrotoxicity and hepatotoxicity: biochemical, histological, and computational expressions.

Oxindole is a nature-derived heteroaromatic nucleus with a history of preclinical uses in various conditions. In this study, oxindole derivatives, 6-chloro-3-(3-hydroxybenzylidene) indolin-2-one (3OH) and 6-chloro-3-(4-hydroxybenzylidene) indolin-2-one (4OH) were evaluated for nephroprotective and hepatoprotective effects. Paracetamol-induced nephrotoxicity and hepatotoxicity model was used in mice.

Percutaneous coronary intervention versus coronary artery bypass grafting in left main disease according to patients' sex: A meta-analysis.

Background: The role of sex in choosing between coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) and percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for unprotected left main coronary artery (ULMCA) disease has gained interest.

Methods: Randomized controlled trials and adjusted observational studies comparing PCI versus CABG in ULMCA patients with outcomes by sex were included. The primary endpoint was major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), with secondary endpoints being all-cause mortality and repeated revascularization.

Wolffia globosa, a novel crop species for protein production in space agriculture.

Space agriculture, pivotal for sustainable extraterrestrial missions, requires plants that can adapt to altered gravitational conditions. This study delves into the adaptive responses to altered gravity of Wolffia globosa, an aquatic plant known for its rapid growth and high nutritional value. The research aimed to analyse the effect of simulated microgravity and hypergravity on relative growth rate (RGR), morphological characteristics, protein content, and the correlation between plant size and growth rate of Wolffia globosa.

Exploring Putative Kokumi Oligopeptides in Classic Sparkling Wines with a UHPLC-ESI-MS/MS Targeted Protocol.

Some oligopeptides can impart kokumi flavor to foods and beverages, a topic still not addressed in wine. A targeted ultra-high performance liquid-chromatography-mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS) metabolomics method capable of quantifying both amino acids and oligopeptides in wines was therefore developed and validated, confirming the presence of 50 oligopeptides in wine, most of which had been previously unexplored. In silico screening of the affinity of these oligopeptides to interact with CaSR, the protein necessary to activate kokumi sensations, highlighted 8 dipeptides and 3 tripeptides as putative kokumi compounds.

Employing the Artificial Intelligence Object Detection Tool YOLOv8 for Real-Time Pain Detection: A Feasibility Study.

Introduction: Effective pain management is crucial for patient care, impacting comfort, recovery, and overall well-being. Traditional subjective pain assessment methods can be challenging, particularly in specific patient populations. This research explores an alternative approach using computer vision (CV) to detect pain through facial expressions.

FTIR spectroscopy of epoxy resin degradation: kinetics and mechanisms.

We report on an FTIR study of the thermo-oxidative degradation of a flexible epoxy resin. Different and complementary approaches to the analysis of the spectral data were employed, providing a detailed description of the process in terms of kinetics and mechanisms. A preliminary normal coordinate analysis, based on the DFT method, allowed for a reliable interpretation of the observed spectrum, increasing the amount of available structural information.

Turn-Adopting Peptidomimetic as a Formyl Peptide Receptor-1 Antagonist.

The design, synthesis, and characterization of a new peptidomimetic acting as a formyl peptide receptor (FPR1) antagonist (N-19004) are herein reported. The molecule has been identified with docking studies of the highly potent FPR1 antagonist UPARANT on human receptor. N-19004 recapitulates all pharmacophoric groups necessary for recognition into a minimal structure, with a crucial role of the 2,6-diamino-thiophenyl scaffold mimicking the positions of Cα atoms of Arg residues in the turned Arg-Aib-Arg segment of UPARANT.

A two-stage deep-learning model for determination of the contact of mandibular third molars with the mandibular canal on panoramic radiographs.

Objectives: This study aimed to assess the accuracy of a two-stage deep learning (DL) model for (1) detecting mandibular third molars (MTMs) and the mandibular canal (MC), and (2) classifying the anatomical relationship between these structures (contact/no contact) on panoramic radiographs.

Method: MTMs and MCs were labeled on panoramic radiographs by a calibrated examiner using bounding boxes. Each bounding box contained MTM and MC on one side.

Interim analysis of the multinational, post-authorization safety study (NISSO) to assess the long-term safety of sonidegib in patients with locally advanced basal cell carcinoma.

Background: Following the pivotal phase II trial BOLT, the Hedgehog (Hh) inhibitor sonidegib was approved in the EU to treat locally advanced basal cell carcinoma (laBCC) in patients not amenable to surgery or radiotherapy. We report safety data from the interim analysis of the real-world NISSO study.

Methods: NISSO is an ongoing non-interventional, multinational, post-authorization safety study (NCT04066504).

Diet-induced impairment of skeletal muscle and adipose tissue metabolic homeostasis and its prevention by probiotic administration.

Western dietary pattern is one of the main contributors to the increased risk of obesity and chronic diseases, through oxidative stress and inflammation, that are the two key mechanisms targeting metabolic organs, such as skeletal muscle and adipose tissue. The chronic exposure to high levels of dietary fatty acids can increase the amount of intramyocellular lipids in skeletal muscle, altering glucose homeostasis and contributing to a reduction in mitochondrial oxidative capacity. Probiotic administration is a promising approach as preventive strategy to attenuate metabolic damage induced by Western diet.

Primary tumor ablation in metastatic renal cell carcinoma.

Background: The role of primary tumor ablation (pTA) in metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) is unknown. We compared pTA-treated mRCC patients to patients who underwent no local treatment (NLT), as well as patients who underwent cytoreductive nephrectomy (CN).

Methods: Within the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database (SEER, 2004-2020), we identified mRCC patients who underwent either pTA, NLT or CN.