22,355 results match your criteria: "University of Naples `Federico II'[Affiliation]"

In this study have been evaluated the antiproliferative and antioxidant activities of Israeli Pulicaria incisa (Lam.) DC. essential oil (Pi1), of essential oil partially purified by xanthoxylin (Pi2), one of its feature metabolites, and the isolated xanthoxylin (Xan).

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Background: Atrial fibrillation (AF) has been identified as a marker of advanced cardiac damage in aortic stenosis patients. However, the factors associated with poorer outcomes among AF patients in contemporary transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) practice, particularly regarding mortality and heart failure (HF)-related hospitalizations, remain largely unknown.

Methods: In this multicenter study we assessed consecutive patients with a history of AF and evaluated the clinical outcomes, predictors of mortality, and HF-related hospitalization rates of those who underwent TAVR with newer generation devices using either balloon- or self-expandable valves.

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Objectives: It is not known whether cancer-specific mortality (CSM) differences distinguish radical cystectomy (RC) from trimodal therapy (TMT) in octogenarians harbouring organ-confined (T2N0M0) urothelial cancer of the urinary bladder (UCUB).

Methods: Within the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database (2004-2021), CSM and other-cause mortality (OCM) rates were computed in octogenarian patients with organ-confined UCUB undergoing either TMT or RC. Smoothed cumulative incidence plots depicted 5-year CSM and OCM rates according to RC vs TMT.

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Exploring the early life gut microbiome with MAGIC.

Cell Host Microbe

December 2024

University of Naples Federico II, Department of Agricultural Sciences, Piazza Carlo di Borbone 1, 80055 Portici, Italy. Electronic address:

In this issue of Cell Host & Microbe, Peng et al. provide the MAGIC catalog as a resource for studying bacterial and viral diversity of the global gut microbiome in early life. By addressing gaps in geographic and age representation, this database enhances our understanding of early microbiome dynamics.

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Article Synopsis
  • Spasticity and muscle weakness significantly impact people with Multiple Sclerosis (pwMS), especially in their lower limbs, leading to motor issues, fatigue, and fall risks.
  • The study aimed to explore the patterns of muscle weakness and spasticity in pwMS to enhance the focus on their functional balance prior to treatment.
  • Data from 300 pwMS revealed asymmetrical symptoms, with various prevalent combinations, notably "distal-intermediate spasticity and diffuse weakness," aiding in better clinical assessment and treatment planning.*
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Bimekizumab, is the most recent monoclonal antibody licensed for the management of moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis, acting through the dual inhibition of interleukin (IL)-17 A and IL17F, setting it apart from other anti-IL17 biologics. To date, long-term data on the use of bimekizumab for the management of plaque psoriasis in a real-world setting are scant. The aim of our study was to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of bimekizumab in long-term.

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Background: Orthodontic treatment is frequently correlated with different levels of discomfort and pain, caused by the application of forces to move the teeth. The mechanism of orthodontic pain is based on the initially activation of sensory receptors in periodontal tissues which results in a cascade of nociceptive pain processing and transduction in both the central and peripheral nervous systems that is finally experienced by patients. The perception of pain is subjective and varies among people, as it is influenced by both general and individual elements.

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Introduction: Immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI)-based immunotherapy targeting programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) or its ligand 1 (PD-L1) has radically changed the management of many types of solid tumors including non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Many clinical trials have demonstrated that ICIs improve the survival and the quality of life of patients with advanced non oncogene NSCLC as compared to standard therapies. However, not all patients achieve a clinical benefit from this immunotherapeutic approach.

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Unraveling the intricate spatial and temporal complexities of vegetation represents a crucial key to understanding ecosystem functioning. Drones, as cutting-edge technology, hold immense potential in bridging the gap between on-ground measurements and satellite remote sensing data. Nonetheless, a multitude of challenges still looms, with one of the foremost being the nuanced identification of scales that strike a balance between capturing maximum complexity while minimizing measurement errors.

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Purpose: Temporal trends in and predictors of inpatient palliative care use in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) undergoing critical care therapy are unknown.

Methods: Relying on the National Inpatient Sample (2008-2019), we identified mRCC patients undergoing critical care therapy, namely invasive mechanical ventilation, percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy tube insertion, dialysis for acute kidney failure, total parenteral nutrition, or tracheostomy. Estimated annual percentage changes (EAPC) analyses and multivariable logistic regression models addressed inpatient palliative care use.

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Background: Immunocompromised patients are at high risk of developing persisting/prolonged COVID-19. Data on the early combined use of antivirals and monoclonal antibodies in this population are scarce.

Research Design And Methods: We performed an observational, prospective study, enrolling immunocompromised outpatients with mild-to-moderate COVID-19, treated with a combination of sotrovimab plus one antiviral (remdesivir or nirmatrelvir/ritonavir) within 7 days from symptom onset.

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Utilizing data extracted from Scopus and Web of Science databases, all the publications comparing "Superficial Parotidectomy" AND "Extracapsular dissection" were considered. Original research, review articles, letters, and note articles were included. Data about publication frequency, language distribution, authorship patterns, co-occurrence of keywords, and citation counts were extracted.

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A sulfonimide derivative of bezafibrate as a dual inhibitor of cyclooxygenase-2 and PPARα.

Front Pharmacol

November 2024

Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics Laboratory, at the Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), and Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Science, "G. d'Annunzio" University, Chieti, Italy.

Background: PPARα and cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 are overexpressed in certain types of cancer. Thus, developing a dual inhibitor that targets both could be more effective as an anticancer agent than single inhibitors. We have previously shown that an analog of the bezafibrate named AA520 is a PPARα antagonist.

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Objectives: To review the World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule (WHODAS2.0) application in elderly population.

Methods: A review of English articles was performed using the following databases: PubMed/Medline, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane, Embase.

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Chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy (CIDP) often requires prolonged ongoing treatment to prevent worsening. The efficacy of rituximab in preventing worsening after the discontinuation of immunoglobulin therapy in CIDP patients was assessed. In this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study, conducted at seven Italian hospitals, CIDP patients under immunoglobulin therapy were assigned to receive either rituximab (1g on days 1, 15, and 180±7) or placebo.

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Butyrate, a short-chain fatty acid, is a crucial product of gut microbial fermentation with significant implications for various metabolic and physiological processes. Dietary sources of butyrate are limited, primarily derived from the fermentation of dietary fibers by butyrate-producing gut bacteria. Butyrate exerts its effects primarily as a histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor and through signaling pathways involving G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs).

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Introns are highly prevalent in most eukaryotic genomes. Despite the accumulating evidence for benefits conferred by the possession of introns, their specific roles and functions, as well as the processes shaping their evolution, are still only partially understood. Here, we explore the evolution of the eukaryotic intron-exon gene structure by focusing on several key features such as the intron length, the number of introns, and the intron-to-exon length ratio in protein-coding genes.

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Article Synopsis
  • The dysbiotic gut microbiota and bile acids play a crucial role in the immune dysfunction seen in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), as shown by changes in bile acid excretion and gut microbiota composition.
  • Elevated primary bile acids and reduced secondary bile acids were linked to increased disease severity and inflammatory responses in IBD patients and murine colitis models.
  • The study identified five specific bile acids that, when administered, could reverse colitis and intestinal dysbiosis, suggesting the potential for treatments targeting bile acid profiles in managing IBD.
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Introduction And Importance: Iatrogenic nerve injury is a possible complication of axillary lymph node dissection (ALND), which remains standard-of-care for some breast cancer patients. Recently, several studies have demonstrated that nerves auto-fluoresce in near-ultraviolet light (NUVL). We describe three women with BC in whom a recently-developed NUVL camera was used to facilitate visualization of and prevent iatrogenic injury to the intercostobrachial, long thoracic, and thoracodorsal nerves during ALND.

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Objective: This study aimed to compare adverse in-hospital outcomes in ileal conduit versus neobladder urinary diversion type after radical cystectomy (RC) in contemporary versus historical patients.

Methods: Patients were identified within the National Inpatient Sample (NIS 2000-2019). Propensity score matching (PSM; 1:2 ratio) and multivariable logistic regression models (LRMs) were used.

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