Agro-industrial wastes and their application perspectives in metal decontamination using biocomposites and bacterial biomass: a review.

Contamination of water bodies is a significant global issue that results from the deliberate release of pollutants into the environment, especially from mining and metal processing industries. The main pollutants generated by these industries are metallic wastes, particularly metals, which can cause adverse effects on the environment and human health. Therefore, it is crucial to develop effective and sustainable approaches to prevent their discharge into the environment.

Intracoronary stenting and additional results achieved by shockWAVE coronary lithotripsy: design and rationale of ISAR-WAVE trial.

Background: Percutaneous coronary intervention of severely calcified lesions is limited by inadequate stent expansion and poor clinical outcomes. Over the past decade, several devices and techniques have been developed for calcium modification and lesion preparation. Intravascular lithotripsy (IVL) is a novel tool in this context.

Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement in Aortic Stenosis Patients With New York Heart Association Functional Class III or IV.

Background: Patients with symptomatic aortic stenosis are a vulnerable population with associated cardiac damage and a significant comorbidity burden. In this study we aimed to determine the rate, factors associated with, and prognostic value of poor functional status (New York Heart Association [NYHA] class III-IV) in patients with severe aortic stenosis undergoing transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR).

Methods: This multicenter study included 6363 transarterial TAVR patients, classified according to baseline functional status (NYHA class I or II vs III or IV).

From food-to-human microplastics and nanoplastics exposure and health effects: A review on food, animal and human monitoring data.

This review figures out the overall status on the presence of microplastics (MPs) and nanoplastics (NPs) in food and their bioaccumulation in animal and human tissues, providing critical insights into possible human health impacts. Data are discussed on both in-vivo and ex-vivo animal and human studies, and the role of physicochemical properties in determining the biological fate and toxicological effects of MPs and NPs. Particular attention is given to dietary exposure assessments, specifically evaluating daily intake through the consumption of contaminated food items.

Species sensitivity distribution of rare earth elements: A full overview.

Rare earth elements (REEs) encompass 15 lanthanides and play a crucial role in modern technology. Despite their essential uses, REEs are emerging environmental contaminants due to their growing presence in industrial, agricultural, and medical applications. For the first time, the species sensitivity distribution (SSD) approach was applied to REEs considering 58 papers including toxicity about Ce, Dy, Er, Gd, La, Lu, Nd, Pr, Sm, and Y.

Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) in women: A forgotten cardiovascular risk factor.

Sleep-disordered breathing is a highly prevalent disorder with negative impact on healthcare systems worldwide. This condition has detrimental effects on cardiovascular health and quality of life, and is frequently associated with a variety of comorbidities, including cardiovascular disease, heart failure, diabetes and atrial fibrillation. Nevertheless, it remains frequently undiagnosed and undertreated, especially in specific populations.

Azadirachtin disrupts ecdysone signaling and alters sand fly immunity.

Background: Leishmaniasis is a group of neglected vector-borne diseases transmitted by phlebotomine sand flies. Leishmania parasites must overcome various defenses in the sand fly midgut, including the insects's immune response. Insect immunity is regulated by the ecdysone hormone, which binds to its nuclear receptor (EcR) and activates the transcription of genes involved in insect immunity.

Metabolomic signature of pediatric diabetic ketoacidosis: key metabolites, pathways, and panels linked to clinical variables.

Background: Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is a serious complication of type 1 diabetes (T1D), arising from relative insulin deficiency and leading to hyperglycemia, ketonemia, and metabolic acidosis. Early detection and treatment are essential to prevent severe outcomes. This pediatric case-control study utilized plasma metabolomics to explore metabolic alterations associated with DKA and to identify predictive metabolite patterns.

Tailoring the treatment of type-2 related chronic rhinosinusitis with or without nasal polyps: a comparative analysis of medical and surgical approaches.

Purpose Of Review: Advances in understanding the molecular pathways underlying nasal epithelial inflammation have ushered in the era of personalized medicine for chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP). Research progress has led to the approval of several monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) for severe CRSwNP, demonstrating promising outcomes in both clinical trials and real-world settings. Similarly, evolution in surgical techniques has enhanced progression-free survival due to the development of novel approaches.

Regional disparities in the management and outcomes of ST-elevation myocardial infarction: an Italian analysis focusing on time-dependent reperfusion networks and in-hospital logistics.

Background: Prompt reperfusion is critical for patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) to improve outcomes. Yet, variability in regional healthcare delivery may influence treatment times and patient outcomes. We thus aimed at evaluating differences in management and outcomes of STEMI patients across Northern, Central, and Southern Italy, focusing on time-dependent reperfusion and in-hospital logistics.

Histopathological Assessment of Tricalcium Aluminate-free Mineral Trioxide Aggregate and Two Antibacterial Enhanced Mineral Trioxide Aggregates As Pulpotomy Agents in Rat Model.

Objective: To evaluate the effect of a newly developed MTA-based material and two antibacterial-enhanced MTAs as pulp capping materials in immature permanent dental elements underwent full pulpotomy.

Methods: The present animal study included 20 Wistar albino rats that, after full pulpotomy, were randomly divided into 4 groups receiving different MTA formulations as pulp capping materials: conventional MTA, Tricalcium aluminate (TCA)- free MTA, and MTA enhanced with metronidazole or doxycycline. Histopathological assessments were carried out at 7- and 28-days post-treatment to evaluate dentinal bridge formation, inflammatory reactions, pulp tissue necrosis and internal resorption.

Expansion of the Phenotype of You-Hoover-Fong Syndrome and Possible Increased Risk of Cancer.

You-Hoover-Fong syndrome (YHFS) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder characterized by global developmental delay, microcephaly, dysmorphic facial features, and a spectrum of neurodevelopmental abnormalities. YHFS is caused by pathogenic variants in TELO2, a gene involved in regulation of the cell cycle. To date, 29 individuals with YHFS have been reported and none of them has been reported to develop tumors.

Impact of FESS on symptomatology and quality of life of patients with CRSsNP.

Purpose: Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) has an impact on health related quality of life (HRQOL). The objective of this study was to examine generic and disease specific HRQOL and symptoms in CRS patients before and 6 months after sinus surgery.

Methods: This prospective, observational study consisted of 30 patients with chronic sinusitis.

Addressing brain metabolic connectivity in treatment-resistant schizophrenia: a novel graph theory-driven application of F-FDG-PET with antipsychotic dose correction.

Few studies using Positron Emission Tomography with F-fluorodeoxyglucose (F-FDG-PET) have examined the neurobiological basis of antipsychotic resistance in schizophrenia, primarily focusing on metabolic activity, with none investigating connectivity patterns. Here, we aimed to explore differential patterns of glucose metabolism between patients and controls (CTRL) through a graph theory-based approach and network comparison tests. PET scans with F-FDG were obtained by 70 subjects, 26 with treatment-resistant schizophrenia (TRS), 28 patients responsive to antipsychotics (nTRS), and 16 CTRL.

Variations of blood D-serine and D-aspartate homeostasis track psychosis stages.

Schizophrenia (SCZ) is a severe psychotic disorder characterized by a disruption in glutamatergic NMDA receptor (NMDAR)-mediated neurotransmission. Compelling evidence has revealed that NMDAR activation is not limited to L-glutamate, L-aspartate, and glycine since other free amino acids (AAs) in the atypical D-configuration, such as D-aspartate and D-serine, also modulate this class of glutamatergic receptors. Although dysregulation of AAs modulating NMDARs has been previously reported in SCZ, it remains unclear whether distinct variations of these biomolecules occur during illness progression from at-risk premorbid to clinically manifest stage.

Intracardiac fluid dynamic analysis: available techniques and novel clinical applications.

There is a growing interest in the potential use of intracardiac fluid dynamic analysis to better understand cardiac mechanics and identify novel imaging biomarkers of cardiovascular disease. Abnormalities of vortex formation and shape may in fact play a critical role in cardiac function, affecting both efficiency and myocardial workload. Recent advances in imaging technologies have significantly improved our ability to analyze these dynamic flow patterns in vivo, offering new insights into both normal and pathological cardiac conditions.

Quantitative Neuroanatomical Measurement on Photogrammetric Model: Validation Study.

Objective: To examine and compare the accuracy of measurements obtained from photogrammetric models versus direct measurements taken on dry skulls, with the aim to verify the feasibility of photogrammetry for quantitative analysis in microsurgical neuroanatomy.

Methods: Two dry human skulls were used. Each was scanned using the dual camera system of a smartphone The selected photos were separately processed using 2 different softwares to create three-dimensional models.

Assessing azithromycin's ecological toll: Unveiling multifaceted impacts on Poecilia reticulata THROUGH biomarker analysis.

This study investigates the impact of environmentally relevant concentrations of azithromycin on Poecilia reticulata, through biomarkers at different levels. To this end, the somatic indexes of P. reticulata were evaluated, and liver and gill samples were collected and analyzed for biochemical and histopathological alterations.

Impact of software-assisted structured reporting on radiology residents approaching prostate MRI.

Purpose: To evaluate the potential advantages of software-assisted structured reporting for radiology residents approaching multiparametric prostate MRI (mpMRI).

Methods: MpMRI scans from 100 patients, performed for prostate cancer (PCa) detection or staging, were anonymized, and reviewed by six second-year radiology residents without previous experience in prostate MRI, following 6 h of intensive training. The dataset was split into two subsets of 50 cases each.

Prevalence of Mitral Annular Disjunction at Cardiac MRI: Results from a Multicenter Registry.

Purpose To determine the prevalence of mitral annular disjunction (MAD) in patients undergoing cardiac MRI for various clinical indications and to assess the association of MAD with arrhythmia, mitral valve prolapse (MVP), and myocardial alteration. Materials and Methods This study analyzed data from a retrospective observational registry of consecutive patients undergoing cardiac MRI for different clinical indications. Cardiac MRI examinations were performed from January 2019 to June 2019 at 13 Italian hospitals.

Necrotizing Fasciitis and Streptococcal Toxic Shock Syndrome: A Case Report.

Group A (GAS), particularly (), is a significant human pathogen responsible for infections often ranging from mild superficial conditions to severe, life-threatening diseases like necrotizing fasciitis (NF) and streptococcal toxic shock syndrome (STSS). This case report details the rapid deterioration of a previously healthy 49-year-old woman who presented with localized symptoms in her left thigh, later escalating to septic shock and multi-organ failure related to GAS infection. Initial evaluations indicated significant inflammation and acute kidney injury, prompting broad-spectrum antibiotic treatment.

Impact of fresh grape juice on the pharmacokinetics of omeprazole: results of a food-drug interaction study.

Grapes have been widely used for dietary ailments due to their attributed pharmacological activities. Resveratrol, the chief constituent of grapes, is responsible for their pharmacological benefits. However, apart from their beneficial effects, grapes have also recently been considered in drug interaction studies.

Leveraging deep learning for identification and segmentation of "CAF-1/p60-positive" nuclei in oral squamous cell carcinoma tissue samples.

In the current study, we introduced a unique method for identifying and segmenting oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) nuclei, concentrating on those predicted to have significant CAF-1/p60 protein expression. Our suggested model uses the StarDist architecture, a deep-learning framework designed for biomedical image segmentation tasks. The training dataset comprises painstakingly annotated masks created from tissue sections previously stained with hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) and then restained with immunohistochemistry (IHC) for p60 protein.

Metabolic Syndrome and Cardiovascular Risk Factors in a Fishing Community in Southern Italy.

Background: Work organization and psychosocial factors influencing sleep patterns may be significant risk factors for developing obesity and metabolic syndrome (MetS). However, the impact on the health of working patterns in the fishing sector is not well characterized. The aim of the study is to determine the prevalence of MetS and its components in fishermen and to analyze occupational-specific risk factors contributing to metabolic alterations.