Reduced Time in Therapeutic Range and Higher Mortality in Atrial Fibrillation Patients Taking Acenocoumarol.

Purpose: The efficacy and tolerability of vitamin K antagonists (VKAs) depends on the quality of anticoagulant control, reflected by the mean time in therapeutic range (TTR) of international normalized ratio 2.0 to 3.0.

Estimated absolute effects on efficacy and safety outcomes of using non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants in 'real-world' atrial fibrillation patients: A comparison with optimally acenocoumarol anticoagulated patients.

Background: Non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants (NOACs) have been proposed as an alternative to vitamin K antagonists (VKA) for atrial fibrillation (AF) patients. Some studies have proposed that well-managed warfarin therapy is still a valid alternative as efficacious as NOACs but the potential impact and absolute effect of NOACs in "real world" optimally management of VKA AF patients is unknown.

Purpose: To estimate the potential absolute benefit in clinical outcome rates if the optimally anticoagulated "real-world" AF patients with acenocoumarol had been treated with NOACs.

Assessing Bleeding Risk in Atrial Fibrillation Patients: Comparing a Bleeding Risk Score Based Only on Modifiable Bleeding Risk Factors against the HAS-BLED Score. The AMADEUS Trial.

Background The HAS-BLED (hypertension, abnormal renal/liver function, previous stroke, bleeding history or predisposition, labile international normalized ratio [INR], elderly and drugs/alcohol consumption) score has been validated in several scenarios but the recent European guidelines does not recommend any clinical score to assess bleeding risk in atrial fibrillation (AF) patients and only focus on modifiable clinical factors. Purpose The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that the HAS-BLED score would perform at least similarly to an approach only based on modifiable bleeding risk factors (i.e.

Usefulness of the 2MACE Score to Predicts Adverse Cardiovascular Events in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation.

We investigated the incidence of nonembolic adverse events in 2 cohorts of patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) and validated the 2MACE score ([metabolic syndrome, age ≥75] [doubled]; [myocardial infarction or revascularization, congestive heart failure {HF}, and stroke, transient ischemic attack or thromboembolism]) as predictor of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs). We recruited 2,630 patients with AF from 2 different cohorts (Murcia AF and FANTASIIA). The 2MACE score was calculated, and during a median of 7.

Quality of oral anticoagulation with vitamin K antagonists in 'real-world' patients with atrial fibrillation: a report from the prospective multicentre FANTASIIA registry.

Aims: The efficacy and safety of oral anticoagulation (OAC) using the vitamin K antagonists (VKA) are closely associated with the quality of anticoagulation, reflected by time in therapeutic range (TTR). The SAMe-TT2R2 is a risk score developed to predict the quality of anticoagulation control among VKA users. To analyse the quality of anticoagulation and its clinical determinants based on different methods in a prospective cohort of atrial fibrillation patients on VKA treatment participating in the multicentre Spanish observational registry FANTASIIA.

Interleukin 8 mediates bcl-xL-induced enhancement of human melanoma cell dissemination and angiogenesis in a zebrafish xenograft model.

The protein bcl-xL is able to enhance the secretion of the proinflammatory chemokine interleukin 8 (CXCL8) in human melanoma lines. In this study, we investigate whether the bcl-xL/CXCL8 axis is important for promoting melanoma angiogenesis and aggressiveness in vivo, using angiogenesis and xenotransplantation assays in zebrafish embryos. When injected into wild-type embryos, bcl-xL-overexpressing melanoma cells showed enhanced dissemination and angiogenic activity compared with control cells.

Importance of time in therapeutic range on bleeding risk prediction using clinical risk scores in patients with atrial fibrillation.

Bleeding risk with vitamin K antagonists (VKAs) is closely related to the quality of anticoagulation in atrial fibrillation (AF) patients, reflected by time in therapeutic range (TTR). Here we compared the discrimination performance of different bleeding risk scores and investigated if adding TTR would improve their predictive value and clinical usefulness. We included 1361 AF patients stables on VKA for at least 6 months.

Enhancing the 'real world' prediction of cardiovascular events and major bleeding with the CHADS-VASc and HAS-BLED scores using multiple biomarkers.

Background: Atrial fibrillation (AF)-European guidelines suggest the use of biomarkers to stratify patients for stroke and bleeding risks. We investigated if a multibiomarker strategy improved the predictive performance of CHADS-VASc and HAS-BLED in anticoagulated AF patients.

Methods: We included consecutive patients stabilized for six months on vitamin K antagonists (INRs 2.

Long-Term Stroke Risk Prediction in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation: Comparison of the ABC-Stroke and CHADS-VASc Scores.

Background: The ABC-stroke score (age, biomarkers [N-terminal fragment B-type natriuretic peptide, high-sensitivity troponin], and clinical history [prior stroke/transient ischemic attack]) was proposed to predict stroke in atrial fibrillation (AF). This score was derived/validated in 2 clinical trial cohorts in which patients with AF were highly selected and carefully followed-up. However, the median follow-up was 1.

Non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants: impact of non-adherence and discontinuation.

Non-Vitamin K Antagonist Oral Anticoagulants (NOACs) are at least as effective as vitamin K antagonists (VKAs) reducing thromboembolism and mortality in atrial fibrillation (AF). These 'fixed-dose regimen' drugs are characterized by not requiring routine monitoring or dosage adjustment. Stroke prevention with OAC is indicated in AF patients with CHADS-VASc ≥2 (≥3 in females) and NOACs are recommended in preference to VKAs.

Low body weight and clinical outcomes in acute coronary syndrome patients: results of the ACHILLES Registry.

Background: Being overweight increases the risk of cardiovascular diseases and mortality. However, among high-body-weight patients with established acute coronary syndrome (ACS) this evidence is not clear. In this scenario, a low body weight (LBW) has been proposed to confer higher prognostic risk and higher bleeding risk with new P2Y inhibitors.

Nuclear derivatives and axonal projections originating from rhombomere 4 in the mouse hindbrain.

The r4-derived territory is located in the pontine region of the brainstem, forming a wedge-shaped slice that broadens from the choroidal roof to the ventral midline. R4-derived neuronal populations migrate radially inside and tangentially outside this rhombomere, forming nuclei of the sensorimotor auditory, vestibular, trigeminal and reticular systems. R4-derived fibre tracts contribute to the lateral lemniscus, the trigeminothalamic tracts, the medial tegmental tract and the medial forebrain bundle, which variously project to the midbrain, thalamus, hypothalamus and telencephalon.

The cross-national epidemiology of specific phobia in the World Mental Health Surveys.

Background: Although specific phobia is highly prevalent, associated with impairment, and an important risk factor for the development of other mental disorders, cross-national epidemiological data are scarce, especially from low- and middle-income countries. This paper presents epidemiological data from 22 low-, lower-middle-, upper-middle- and high-income countries.

Method: Data came from 25 representative population-based surveys conducted in 22 countries (2001-2011) as part of the World Health Organization World Mental Health Surveys initiative (n = 124 902).

Neuropathic Pain in Patients with Burning Mouth Syndrome Evaluated Using painDETECT.

Objective: This study set out to identify the neuropathic component of pain experienced by burning mouth syndrome (BMS) patients evaluated using painDETECT, a diagnostic tool that could easily be introduced into clinical practice.

Materials And Methods: This study included 64 patients (33 BMS and 31 suffering nociceptive pain). Each completed the painDETECT neuropathic pain questionnaire, the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, and pain intensity was also measured using a visual analogue scale (VAS).

Cross-national epidemiology of panic disorder and panic attacks in the world mental health surveys.

Context: The scarcity of cross-national reports and the changes in Diagnostic and Statistical Manual version 5 (DSM-5) regarding panic disorder (PD) and panic attacks (PAs) call for new epidemiological data on PD and PAs and its subtypes in the general population.

Objective: To present representative data about the cross-national epidemiology of PD and PAs in accordance with DSM-5 definitions.

Design And Setting: Nationally representative cross-sectional surveys using the World Health Organization Composite International Diagnostic Interview version 3.

Inflammasome-dependent IL-1β release depends upon membrane permeabilisation.

Interleukin-1β (IL-1β) is a critical regulator of the inflammatory response. IL-1β is not secreted through the conventional ER-Golgi route of protein secretion, and to date its mechanism of release has been unknown. Crucially, its secretion depends upon the processing of a precursor form following the activation of the multimolecular inflammasome complex.

Fgf15 regulates thalamic development by controlling the expression of proneural genes.

The establishment of the brain structural complexity requires a precisely orchestrated interplay between extrinsic and intrinsic signals modulating cellular mechanisms to guide neuronal differentiation. However, little is known about the nature of these signals in the diencephalon, a complex brain region that processes and relays sensory and motor information to and from the cerebral cortex and subcortical structures. Morphogenetic signals from brain organizers regulate histogenetic processes such as cellular proliferation, migration, and differentiation.