A critical approach to research on perioperative pain management.

Optimal postoperative pain management is a prerequisite for enhancing functional recovery after surgery. However, many studies assessing analgesic interventions have limitations. Consequently, further improvements in study design are urgently needed.

Response of the German public health service to the first imported mpox clade Ib case in Germany, October 2024.

In October 2024, the first imported mpox clade Ib case was confirmed in Germany in an individual in their thirties returning from Rwanda. In this report we summarise the response from the public health service in North Rhine-Westphalia related to case management, contact tracing and institutional collaborations. Our findings highlight the importance of a coordinated public health response in the management of imported mpox cases and in preventing the transmission of mpox clade Ib in Germany and beyond.

The effect of an intervention to reduce aflatoxin consumption from 6 to 18 mo of age on length-for-age z-scores in rural Tanzania: a cluster-randomized trial.

Background: Linear growth faltering continues to negatively affect children in low- and middle-income countries and is associated with poor cognitive, developmental, and educational outcomes. Laboratory and observational data suggest that aflatoxin (AF) is a contributor to stunting.

Objective: The Mycotoxin Mitigation Trial was a cluster-randomized, community-based 2-group trial conducted in Kongwa District, Tanzania, between 2018 and 2020.

Beyond the Operating Room: The Reality of Gender Disparities in Neurosurgical Education Starting in Medical School.

Objective: Despite the growing number of female medical students, there remains a significant disparity between the number of female and male neurosurgeons. This study aims to determine if this trend is also evident among medical students, examine how various medical schools worldwide are addressing this issue, and propose potential solutions.

Methods: The data includes anonymous baseline information from congress registrations, the abstract submission system, and 2 surveys designed to assess student experiences before and after the congress.

A Comparative Analysis of Carlevale IOL Versus Artisan IOL Implantation Using a Scleral Tunnel Incision Technique.

The aim of this retrospective study was to compare the surgical and refractive outcomes using the Carlevale IOL (FIL SSF; SOLEKO) with those of the retropupillary-fixated Artisan IOL (Aphakia Model 205; OPHTEC), implanted through a 6 mm sclerocorneal tunnel incision in both groups. This study included 51 consecutive eyes (25 Carlevale and 26 Artisan IOLs). Due to complex preoperative conditions (e.

Tricuspid Valve Reconstruction in Patients with Right Heart Decompensation Due to Severe Tricuspid Regurgitation on LVAD Support.

: Right ventricular (RV) dysfunction after left ventricular assist device (LVAD) implantation is associated with reduced survival and affects duration of hospitalization. Some patients with RV dysfunction on LVAD have significant tricuspid valve regurgitation (TR) with concomitant signs of RV failure. In these cases, tricuspid valve repair (TVR) may minimize clinical signs of RV failure.

Comprehensive tools for ecological restoration of soils foster sustainable use and resilience of agricultural land.

Soils are the backbone of terrestrial ecosystems, underpinning their biodiversity and functioning. They are also key to agricultural production and ecosystem development. Although focus on effective and profitable food production has led to severely degraded soils, the tools and standards for restoration strategies in agricultural soils are still largely underdeveloped.

The David Versus the Bentall Procedure for Acute Type A Aortic Dissection.

: Type A aortic dissection (TAAD) is a life-threatening condition which requires prompt diagnosis and surgical treatment. When TAAD involves the aortic root, aortic valve-sparing or Bentall procedures are the main surgical treatment options. The subjects of this analysis were 3735 patients included in the European Registry of Type A Aortic Dissection (ERTAAD).

A Retrospective Evaluation of Ototoxicity Monitoring in a Cohort of Pediatric Patients With Solid Tumors, Treated in the Dutch National Cancer Center.

Introduction: Ototoxicity is an adverse effect of childhood cancer treatment with a negative impact on speech-language development and quality of life. This study aimed to retrospectively assess ototoxicity monitoring in a national cohort of pediatric patients with solid tumors, examining the frequency and determinants associated with hearing loss (HL).

Methods: This retrospective cohort study included 305 patients treated between 2015 and 2020 at the Princess Máxima Center.

Impact of polypharmacy on patients undergoing revascularisation for peripheral arterial disease.

To evaluate the impact of polypharmacy, defined as the concurrent use of five or more medications, on the clinical outcomes of patients undergoing revascularisation for symptomatic peripheral arterial disease (PAD). This is a retrospective analysis of consecutive PAD patients treated by surgical, endovascular or hybrid therapy in a tertiary center between January 2017 and December 2017. The composite of amputation and/or death (amputation-free survival; AFS) was the primary endpoint.

Phenol (bio)isosteres in drug design and development.

Due to their versatile properties, phenolic compounds are integral to various biologically active molecules, including many pharmaceuticals. However, their application in drug design is often hindered by issues such as poor oral bioavailability, rapid metabolism, and potential toxicity. This review explores the use of phenol bioisosteres-structurally similar compounds that can mimic the biological activity of phenols while potentially offering improved drug-like properties.

Insights into geometric deviations of medical 3d-printing: a phantom study utilizing error propagation analysis.

Background: The use of 3D-printing in medicine requires a context-specific quality assurance program to ensure patient safety. The process of medical 3D-printing involves several steps, each of which might be prone to its own set of errors. The segmentation error (SegE), the digital editing error (DEE) and the printing error (PrE) are the most important partial errors.

Glycan-induced structural activation softens the human papillomavirus capsid for entry through reduction of intercapsomere flexibility.

High-risk human papillomaviruses (HPVs) cause various cancers. While type-specific prophylactic vaccines are available, additional anti-viral strategies are highly desirable. Initial HPV cell entry involves receptor-switching induced by structural capsid modifications.

Restoration from grazing on the Tibetan plateau: Pathway-specific soil MAOC sequestration in meadow and peat wetlands.

Mineral-associated organic matter (MAOM) constitutes a significant portion of carbon (C) pools in wetlands, determining their role as C sinks or sources. Nevertheless, detailed knowledge of the response of MAOM formation pathways to wetland restoration is lacking. Here, we collected 0-20 cm soil samples from two typical wetlands (meadow and peat wetlands) subjected to both grazing and restoration treatments (through micro dam construction) in the Zoige area.

Real-World Pattern-of-Care Analysis of Primary Cutaneous Lymphomas Radiation Therapy Among European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer Members.

Purpose: We aim to determine the current treatment patterns and recommendations among physicians for cutaneous lymphomas and to identify the types of skin lymphomas for which existing radiation regimens need improvement.

Methods And Materials: A questionnaire from the European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer was distributed to all members of the Cutaneous Lymphoma Tumour Group and Radiation Oncology Scientific Council. This online survey included 13 questions regarding treatment practices for patients with cutaneous lymphoma.

Circulating collagen breakdown products as a biomarker for presence and instability of human intracranial aneurysms.

Introduction: There is an unmet need for improved detection of intracranial aneurysms (IAs) and distinction between stable and unstable (high rupture risk) IAs. Within the IA wall, synthesis and degradation of type I collagen as the main molecular constituent balance each other to maintain IA stability. We hypothesized that collagen breakdown products could serve as molecular markers for IA presence and instability.