Cosmetic male genital surgery: a narrative review.

Background And Objective: Through the centuries the appearance of the male genitalia has always been an important concern for men, symbolizing virility, potency and sexual contentment. Correction of perceived deficiencies and deformities of the male genitalia can be addressed by aesthetic surgery as well as the enhancement its external aspect. If the social acceptance of cosmetic surgery, particularly of women's breasts, dates from the early 1950s, male intimate cosmetic surgery emerged from the shadows about 10 years ago with a medical community still very suspicious and reproachful.

Autogenous breast reconstruction for total mastectomies: a narrative review.

Background And Objective: Mastectomies have a significant socio-psychological impact, motivating patients to undergo breast reconstruction. Initially, silicone implants were used to reconstruct the breast. However, breast implants have been the subject of successive crises throughout the years.

Surgical treatment of marginal sinus dural arteriovenous fistula: a narrative review.

Background: Dural arteriovenous fistulas of the marginal sinus (DAVFms) are uncommon and complex, with varied symptoms. Their complexity is heightened by the region's dense anastomotic network, posing risks for endovascular treatment. Surgical intervention can be effective, but this depends on thorough pre-operative understanding and optimal intra-operative visualization of the fistula.

The Association between Long-Term DDT or DDE Exposures and an Altered Sperm Epigenome-a Cross-Sectional Study of Greenlandic Inuit and South African VhaVenda Men.

Background: The organochlorine dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) is banned worldwide owing to its negative health effects. It is exceptionally used as an insecticide for malaria control. Exposure occurs in regions where DDT is applied, as well as in the Arctic, where its endocrine disrupting metabolite, dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (DDE) accumulates in marine mammals and fish.

Integrating accompanying patients into clinical oncology teams: limiting and facilitating factors.

Objectives: Since 2018, four establishments in Quebec have been instrumental in implementing the PAROLE-Onco program, which introduced accompanying patients (APs) into healthcare teams to improve cancer patients' experience. APs are patient advisors who have acquired specific experiential knowledge related to living with cancer, using services, and interacting with healthcare professionals. They are therefore in a unique and reliable position to be able to provide emotional, informational, cognitive and navigational support to patients who are dealing with cancer.

Comparing prostatic artery embolization to surgical and minimally invasive procedures for the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: To summarize current evidence to report a comparative systematic review and meta-analysis of prostatic artery embolization (PAE) with transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) and open simple prostatectomy (OSP) for the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH).

Methods: A systematic literature search was performed to identify studies published from inception until August 2021. The search terms used were (prostate embolization OR prostatic embolization) AND (prostatic hyperplasia OR prostatic obstruction) as well as the abbreviations of PAE and BPH.

Hemodynamic factors of spontaneous vertebral artery dissecting aneurysms assessed with numerical and deep learning algorithms: Role of blood pressure and asymmetry.

Background And Objectives: The pathophysiology of spontaneous vertebral artery dissecting aneurysms (SVADA) is poorly understood. Our goal is to investigate the hemodynamic factors contributing to their formation using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and deep learning algorithms.

Methods: We have developed software that can use patient imagery as input to recreate the vertebrobasilar arterial system, both with and without SVADA, which we used in a series of three patients.

A comprehensive review of the vertebral artery anatomy.

Background: The vertebral arteries (VA) play a critical role by supplying nearly one-third of the brain's blood flow, predominantly contributing to the posterior circulation. These arteries may need to be exposed in a various cranial and cervical procedures and offers access to investigate or treat vascular lesions by endovascular means related to the posterior circulation. Given its complex anatomy, which is subject to numerous variations, and its role in supplying vital brain regions, a thorough understanding of the VA's anatomy is paramount for any related procedure.

Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stromal/Stem Cells and Their Interplay with Th-17 Cell Response Pathway.

As a form of immunomodulatory therapeutics, mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs) from umbilical cord (UC) tissue were assessed for their dynamic interplay with the Th-17 immune response pathway. UC-MSCs were able to modulate lymphocyte response by promoting a Th-17-like profile. Such modulation depended on the cell ratio of the cocultures as well as the presence of an inflammatory setting underlying their plasticity.

Suspicion and Treatment of Perilymphatic Fistula: A Prospective Clinical Study.

Since the discovery of the perilymphatic fistula (PLF), the diagnosis and treatment remain controversial. If successfully recognized, the PLF is surgically repairable with an obliteration of the fistula site. Successful treatment has a major impact on patient's quality of life with an improvement in their audiological and vestibular symptoms.

Integration of multi-omics technologies for molecular diagnosis in ataxia patients.

Episodic ataxias are rare neurological disorders characterized by recurring episodes of imbalance and coordination difficulties. Obtaining definitive molecular diagnoses poses challenges, as clinical presentation is highly heterogeneous, and literature on the underlying genetics is limited. While the advent of high-throughput sequencing technologies has significantly contributed to Mendelian disorders genetics, interpretation of variants of uncertain significance and other limitations inherent to individual methods still leaves many patients undiagnosed.

Effect of rt-PA on Shear Wave Mechanical Assessment and Quantitative Ultrasound Properties of Blood Clot Kinetics In Vitro.

Objective: The consequences associated with blood clots are numerous and are responsible for many deaths worldwide. The assessment of treatment efficacy is necessary for patient follow-up and to detect treatment-resistant patients. The aim of this study was to characterize the effect of treatment on blood clots in vitro using quantitative ultrasound parameters.

Computer-assisted analysis of routine EEG to identify hidden biomarkers of epilepsy: A systematic review.

Background: Computational analysis of routine electroencephalogram (rEEG) could improve the accuracy of epilepsy diagnosis. We aim to systematically assess the diagnostic performances of computed biomarkers for epilepsy in individuals undergoing rEEG.

Methods: We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, EBM reviews, IEEE Explore and the grey literature for studies published between January 1961 and December 2022.

Prevalent occupational exposures and risk of lung cancer among women: Results from the application of the Canadian Job-Exposure Matrix (CANJEM) to a combined set of ten case-control studies.

Background: Worldwide, lung cancer is the second leading cause of cancer death in women. The present study explored associations between occupational exposures that are prevalent among women, and lung cancer.

Methods: Data from 10 case-control studies of lung cancer from Europe, Canada, and New Zealand conducted between 1988 and 2008 were combined.

Comparative analysis of methods to reduce activation signature gene expression in PBMCs.

Preserving the in vivo cell transcriptome is essential for accurate profiling, yet factors during cell isolation including time ex vivo and temperature induce artifactual gene expression, particularly in stress-responsive immune cells. In this study, we investigated two methods to mitigate ex vivo activation signature gene (ASG) expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs): transcription and translation inhibitors (TTis) and cold temperatures during isolation. Comparative analysis of PBMCs isolated with TTis revealed reduced ASG expression.

Venous Free Flap with Interposition Bypass Graft for Arteriovenous Fistula Preservation: A Case Report.

Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (CSCC) overlying an arteriovenous fistula (AVF) is rare and presents unique challenges. This case report describes a method of fistula preservation after CSCC excision using a flow-through venous free flap. The saphenous vein of the venous flap was used as flow-through segment for AVF preservation.

Testosterone Recovery for Relugolix Versus Leuprolide in Men with Advanced Prostate Cancer: Results from the Phase 3 HERO Study.

Background: In the HERO study, relugolix demonstrated sustained testosterone suppression superior to that of leuprolide acetate (97% vs 89%; difference 7.9% [95% confidence interval, 4.1-12%; p < 0.

Preeclampsia and the Retina.

Purpose Of Review: This review summarizes key findings relating to the association between preeclampsia and retinal disorders.

Recent Findings: Preeclampsia is a major cause of maternal morbidity. Pregnant women with preeclampsia frequently describe having visual disturbances.

Association of maternal cancer with congenital anomalies in offspring.

Background: Congenital anomalies are common, but the possibility that maternal cancer increases the chance of having a child with a birth defect is not fully understood.

Objectives: To examine the association between maternal cancer before or during pregnancy and the risk of birth defects in offspring.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study of live births in Quebec, Canada, between 1989 and 2022 using hospital data.

Resonance, Velocity, Dispersion, and Attenuation of Ultrasound-Induced Shear Wave Propagation in Blood Clot In Vitro Models.

Objective: Improve the characterization of mechanical properties of blood clots. Parameters derived from shear wave (SW) velocity and SW amplitude spectra were determined for gel phantoms and in vitro blood clots.

Methods: Homogeneous phantoms and phantoms with gel or blood clot inclusions of different diameters and mechanical properties were analyzed.

Peri-prostatic nerve block using Clarius EC7 HD₃ handheld ultrasound guidance.

Transrectal ultrasound (TRUS) is a common modality used during urological procedures that require real-time visualization of the prostate, such as prostate biopsy and peri-prostatic nerve blocks (PNB) for surgical procedures. Current practice for TRUS-guided PNB requires use of costly, fixed, and non-portable ultrasound machinery that can often limit workflow. The Clarius endocavity EC7 probe, a digital, handheld and pocket-sized endocavity ultrasound (US) device, is an alternative, portable technology which was recently shown to accurately visualize and measure prostate dimensions and volume.