What Do EURO-D Scores Capture? Disentangling Trait and State Variances in Depression Symptoms Across the Adult Life Span in Nine European Nations.

The primary purposes of the present study were to determine (a) whether the EURO-D measures trait (i.e., time-invariant) versus state (i.

An Introduction to Food Cooperatives in the Bekaa Valley, Lebanon: Territorial Actors and Potential Levers to Local Development Through Culinary Heritage.

Economic development approaches are increasingly entailing local geographic scales and encouraging the mobilization and organization of territorial actors given local conditions and resources. Lebanon is a country facing frequent uncertainty with recent economic and social difficulties. Its popular cuisine may play a key role in its development and that of its rural space.

Fatigue in cancer patients: Development and validation of a short form of the Multidimensional Fatigue Inventory (MFI-10).

Purpose: The MFI was developed in 1995 to assess fatigue as a multidimensional concept. This questionnaire has been widely translated and used; however, its multidimensional structure has not been consistent across studies. In addition there is a need for short questionnaires in the clinical context.

Personality traits are associated with the valence of future imagined events in individuals with schizophrenia.

The relationships between the valence (positive or negative) of future imagined events and personality dimensions were examined in patients with schizophrenia. Correlational analyses showed that Extraversion was positively associated with the simulation of more positive future events whereas a statistical trend between Neuroticism and negative emotional valence was found. As in nonclinical individuals, personality is related to characteristics of mental time travel in schizophrenia patients.

Development and validation of the daily fatigue cancer scale (DFCS): Single-item questions for clinical practice.

Purpose: Cancer-Related Fatigue (CRF), subjective symptom, is considered the most prevalent and disabling in cancer. To help caregivers better understand it, we developed and evaluated the psychometric properties of a visual analog scale to assess daily CRF.

Method: In our qualitative study, we conducted interviews with caregivers, patients and scientists (N = 30) to generate items and select the scale's format.

Destination memory in schizophrenia: "Did I told Elvis Presley about the thief?".

Destination memory refers to the ability to remember to whom a piece of information was previously transmitted. Our paper assessed this ability in schizophrenia. Twenty-five patients with schizophrenia and 25 control participants told proverbs (e.

Masked Translation Priming Effects in Visual Word Recognition by Trilinguals.

The present study aims to investigate how trilinguals process their two non-dominant languages and how those languages influence one another, as well as the relative importance of the dominant language on their processing. With this in mind, 24 French (L1)- English (L2)- and Spanish (L3)-unbalanced trilinguals, deemed equivalent in their L2 and L3 were recruited. They were asked to perform two series of lexical decisions in the two non-native languages (L2 and L3), with a masked translation priming paradigm.

Humanoid robots versus humans: How is emotional valence of facial expressions recognized by individuals with schizophrenia? An exploratory study.

Background: The use of humanoid robots to play a therapeutic role in helping individuals with social disorders such as autism is a newly emerging field, but remains unexplored in schizophrenia. As the ability for robots to convey emotion appear of fundamental importance for human-robot interactions, we aimed to evaluate how schizophrenia patients recognize positive and negative facial emotions displayed by a humanoid robot.

Methods: We included 21 schizophrenia outpatients and 17 healthy participants.

Species-Level Para- and Polyphyly in DNA Barcode Gene Trees: Strong Operational Bias in European Lepidoptera.

The proliferation of DNA data is revolutionizing all fields of systematic research. DNA barcode sequences, now available for millions of specimens and several hundred thousand species, are increasingly used in algorithmic species delimitations. This is complicated by occasional incongruences between species and gene genealogies, as indicated by situations where conspecific individuals do not form a monophyletic cluster in a gene tree.

Multidimensional model of apathy in older adults using partial least squares--path modeling.

Apathy defined as a mental state characterized by a lack of goal-directed behavior is prevalent and associated with poor functioning in older adults. The main objective of this study was to identify factors contributing to the distinct dimensions of apathy (cognitive, emotional, and behavioral) in older adults without dementia. One hundred and fifty participants (mean age, 80.

Self-imagination can enhance memory in individuals with schizophrenia.

Objective: Previous research has demonstrated that self-referential strategies can be applied to improve memory in various memory- impaired populations. However, little is known regarding the relative effectiveness of self-referential strategies in schizophrenia patients. The main aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness of a new self-referential strategy known as self- imagination (SI) on a free recall task.

Working Memory Deficit as a Risk Factor for Severe Apathy in Schizophrenia: A 1-Year Longitudinal Study.

Apathy, described as impaired motivation and goal-directed behavior, is a common yet often overlooked multidimensional psychopathological state in schizophrenia. Its underlying cognitive processes remain largely unexplored. Data was drawn from a longitudinal hospital study of patients with a DSM-IV diagnosis of schizophrenia; 137 (82.

How to measure the agroecological performance of farming in order to assist with the transition process.

The use of plant protection products enables farmers to maximize economic performance and yields, but in return, the environment and human health can be greatly affected because of their toxicity. There are currently strong calls for farmers to reduce the use of these toxic products for the preservation of the environment and the human health, and it has become urgent to invest in more sustainable models that help reduce these risks. One possible solution is the transition toward agroecological production systems.

Projecting the self into the future in individuals with schizophrenia: a preliminary cross-sectional study.

The ability to project oneself into the future contributes to development and maintenance of a coherent sense of identity. If recent research has revealed that schizophrenia is associated with difficulties envisioning the future, little is known about patients' future self-representations. In this study, 27 participants with schizophrenia and 26 healthy controls were asked to simulate mental representations of plausible and highly significant future events (self-defining future projections, SDFPs) that they anticipate to happen in their personal future.

How does a physician's accurate understanding of a cancer patient's unmet needs contribute to patient perception of physician empathy?

Objective: Unmet supportive care needs of patients decrease patient perception of physician empathy (PE). We explored whether the accurate physician understanding of a given patient's unmet needs (AU), could buffer the adverse effect of these unmet needs on PE.

Methods: In a cross-sectional design, 28 physicians and 201 metastatic cancer patients independently assessed the unmet supportive care needs of patients.

Cognitive insight in schizophrenia patients and their biological parents: a pilot study.

Background: Clinical insight in schizophrenia patients is partly associated with familial environment but has been poorly studied to date. We aimed to explore (1) the relationship between parents' cognitive insight and their offspring's; (2) the relationship between parents' cognitive insight and their clinical insight into the disease of their offspring; and (3) the clinical and cognitive determinants of cognitive insight in parents.

Methods: Cognitive insight was assessed in 37 patient-biological parent pairs/dyads with the Beck Cognitive Insight Scale (BCIS).

Memory self-efficacy in schizophrenia.

The positive association between memory self-efficacy (MSE), defined as the beliefs about one's ability to use memory effectively, and memory performance is highly documented in the literature but has not yet been explored in schizophrenia. In the current study the relationship between MSE and objective memory measures was explored in thirty schizophrenia patients and twenty healthy controls. Compared to healthy controls, schizophrenia patients presented lower MSE, which was associated with depression.

How can we explain physician accuracy in assessing patient distress? A multilevel analysis in patients with advanced cancer.

Objective: To examine the determinants of the accuracy with which physicians assess metastatic cancer patient distress, also referred to as their empathic accuracy (EA). Hypothesized determinants were physician empathic attitude, self-efficacy in empathic skills, physician-perceived rapport with the patient, patient distress and patient expressive suppression.

Methods: Twenty-eight physicians assessed their patients' distress level on the distress thermometer, while patients (N=201) independently rated their distress level on the same tool.

Humor in print health advertisements: enhanced attention, privileged recognition, and persuasiveness of preventive messages.

This study tested the effect of humor in one particular type of print advertisement: the preventive health ads for three topics (alcohol, tobacco, obesity). Previous research using commercial ads demonstrated that individuals' attention is spontaneously attracted by humor, leading to a memory advantage for humorous information over nonhumorous information. Two experiments investigated whether the positive effect of humor can occur with preventive health ads.

The Caregivers Quality of Life Cancer index scale (CQoLC): an exploratory factor analysis for validation in French cancer patients' spouses.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the reliability and validity of the Caregivers Quality of Life Cancer index scale (CQoLC) in a sample of spouses of French cancer patients.

Methods: The CQoLC, the Medical Outcomes Study Short Form 12 (MOS SF-12) and the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) were administered to 300 spouses aged 21-85 years. Clinical data such as severity of cancer, medical treatment and duration of illness were obtained from a review of medical records.

Predictive value of age for coping: the role of self-efficacy, social support satisfaction and perceived stress.

Objectives: The present study was prompted by the lack of agreement on how coping changes with age. We postulate that the effect of age on coping is mediated by coping resources, such as self-efficacy, perceived stress and social support satisfaction.

Method: The participants in the study were community dwelling and aged between 22 and 88 years old.