Specifications and functional impact of a self-triggered grasp neuroprosthesis developed to restore prehension in hemiparetic post-stroke subjects.

Background: Stroke is the leading cause of acquired motor deficiencies in adults. Restoring prehension abilities is challenging for individuals who have not recovered active hand opening capacities after their rehabilitation. Self-triggered functional electrical stimulation applied to finger extensor muscles to restore grasping abilities in daily life is called grasp neuroprosthesis (GNP) and remains poorly accessible to the post-stroke population.

Ovarian response in preimplantation genetic testing for myotonic dystrophy type 1.

Purpose: To evaluate ovarian stimulation response in couples undergoing preimplantation genetic testing (PGT-M) for myotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM1) METHODS: Retrospective, observational, multicentric study. Parameters of ovarian response and PGT-M outcomes were compared according to the DM1-affected patient (female or male). A total of 229 couples underwent at least one controlled ovarian hyperstimulation cycle for the PGT-M procedure.

Next-Generation Desalination Membranes Empowered by Novel Materials: Where Are We Now?

Membrane desalination is an economical and energy-efficient method to meet the current worldwide water scarcity. However, state-of-the-art reverse osmosis membranes are gradually being replaced by novel membrane materials as a result of ongoing technological advancements. These novel materials possess intrinsic pore structures or can be assembled to form lamellar membrane channels for selective transport of water or solutes (e.

Randomized controlled trials - The what, when, how and why.

Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) are at the top of the pyramid of evidence as they offer the best answer on the efficacy of a new treatment. RCTs are true experiments in which participants are randomly allocated to receive a certain intervention (experimental group) or a different intervention (comparison group), or no treatment at all (control or placebo group). Randomization, along with other methodological features such as blinding and allocation concealment, safeguard against biases.

Brain glucose metabolism as a neuronal substrate of the abnormal behavioral response to stress in the mdx mouse, a model of Duchenne muscular dystrophy.

Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is associated with a range of cognitive and behavioral problems. Brain-related comorbidities show clinical heterogeneity depending on the position of the mutation within the multi-promoter dystrophin (DMD) gene, likely due to the differential impact of mutations on the expression of distinct brain dystrophins. A deficiency of the full-length brain dystrophin, Dp427, has been associated with enhanced stress reactivity, characterized by abnormal fear responses in both patients and mdx mouse model.

Long-Term Treatment with Fluoroethylnormemantine (FENM) Alleviated Memory Deficits, Amyloid Pathology, and Microglial Reaction in APP/PS1 Mice.

Fluoroethylnormemantine (FENM, RST-01) shows different pharmacological properties from Memantine. The drug is neuroprotective in pharmacological and transgenic mouse models of Alzheimer's disease (AD), particularly limiting the neuroinflammatory response to amyloid-β (Aβ) accumulation. In order to define early therapeutic intervention aimed at preventing AD and targeting the early activation of proinflammatory pathways, we examined the impact of chronic FENM treatment starting presymptomatically in APP/PSEN1 (APP/PS1) mice.

Dorsoventral photobiomodulation therapy safely reduces inflammation and sensorimotor deficits in a mouse model of multiple sclerosis.

Background: Non-invasive photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT), employing specific infrared light wavelengths to stimulate biological tissues, has recently gained attention for its application to treat neurological disorders. Here, we aimed to uncover the cellular targets of PBMT and assess its potential as a therapeutic intervention for multiple sclerosis (MS).

Methods: We applied daily dorsoventral PBMT in an experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) mouse model, which recapitulates key features of MS, and revealed a strong positive impact of PBMT on the sensorimotor deficits.

Police officer occupational health: a model of organizational constraints, trauma exposure, perceived resources, and agency.

Background: Police officers constitute a work force at high risk due to their highly demanding work conditions. In a realistic paradigm, these conditions, and other determinants of their psychological health, can be linked to a multitude of variables that interplay altogether. However, current literature that simultaneously models-quantitatively from observed data-such a multitude of variables is sparse.

Overview of national and local efforts to eliminate malaria in Thailand.

Success in the national control of malaria during the past decades has led to the reorientation of Thailand's program toward the elimination of this disease. The country established and implemented a National Malaria Elimination Strategy, resulting in a substantial decline in cases. Although the reduction varied, Sisaket Province stands out as a success.

Population pharmacokinetics of caspofungin in critically ill patients receiving extracorporeal membrane oxygenation-an ASAP ECMO study.

This study aimed to describe the population pharmacokinetics of caspofungin in critically ill patients receiving extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) and to identify dosing regimens with a high likelihood of achieving effective exposures. Serial blood samples were collected over a single-dosing interval during ECMO. Total plasma concentrations were measured by a validated chromatographic assay.

A systematic review and individual bacterial species level meta-analysis of in vitro studies on the efficacy of ceftazidime/avibactam combined with other antimicrobials against carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacteria.

Background: Carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacteria (CR-GNB) develop resistance to many antimicrobials. To effectively manage infections caused by these organisms, novel agents and/or combinations of antimicrobials are required.

Objectives: Evaluated the in vitro efficacy of ceftazidime/avibactam in combination with other antimicrobials against CR-GNB.

The Janus-faced nature of complement in hemodialysis: interplay between complement, inflammation, and bioincompatibility unveiling a self-amplifying loop contributing to organ damage.

In hemodialysis (HD), complement activation, bioincompatibility, and inflammation are intricately intertwined. In the 1970s, as HD became a routine therapy, the observation of complement pathway activation and transient leukopenia by cellulosic dialysis membranes triggered the bioincompatibility debate and its clinical relevance. Extensive deliberations have covered definitions, assessment markers, scope, and long-term clinical consequences of membrane-dependent bioincompatibility reactions.

Linking selection to demography in experimental evolution of active death in a unicellular organism.

Deciphering how natural selection emerges from demographic differences among genotypes, and reciprocally how evolution affects population dynamics, is key to understanding population responses to environmental stress. This is especially true in non-trivial ecological scenarios, such as programmed cell death (PCD) in unicellular organisms, which can lead to massive population decline in response to stress. To understand how selection may operate on this trait, we exposed monocultures and mixtures of two closely related strains of the microalga , one of which induces PCD, to multiple cycles of hyper-osmotic shocks, and tracked demography and selection throughout.

Sex predicts response to novelty and problem-solving in a wild bird with female-biased sexual dimorphism.

A wide range of animals, including a number of bird, fish, mammal and reptile species, show sex differences in cognitive tests. Hardly anything is known, however, about whether and how sex-specific non-cognitive factors (e.g.

Simultaneous treatment with palm-LEAP2(1-14) and feeding high-fat diet attenuates liver lipid metabolism but not obesity: Sign of selective resistance to palm-LEAP2(1-14).

Liver-enriched antimicrobial peptide 2 (LEAP2) is a natural antagonist/inverse agonist of ghrelin receptor GHSR. Its truncated palmitoylated analog palm-LEAP2(1-14) promised anti-obesity properties because it exhibited favourable stability and an acute anorexigenic effect in our previous studies. Here we demonstrate desirable palm-LEAP2(1-14) pharmacokinetics, with significant levels of the peptide persisting in mouse blood 3 h after its subcutaneous administration.

Long-term dupilumab efficacy in type 2 asthma regardless of baseline characteristics.

https://bit.ly/3XSwX62.

Deep Sequencing Analysis of Virome Components, Viral Gene Expression and Antiviral RNAi Responses in Aphids.

The green peach aphid () is a generalist pest damaging crops and transmitting viral pathogens. Using Illumina sequencing of small (s)RNAs and poly(A)-enriched long RNAs, we analyzed aphid virome components, viral gene expression and antiviral RNA interference (RNAi) responses. Myzus persicae densovirus (family ), a single-stranded (ss)DNA virus persisting in the aphid population, produced 22 nucleotide sRNAs from both strands of the entire genome, including 5'- and 3'-inverted terminal repeats.

Adherence to MIND Diet and Risk of Recurrent Depressive Symptoms: Prospective Whitehall II Cohort Study.

Background/objectives: This study examined the association between adherence to the Mediterranean dietary approaches to stop hypertension Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay (MIND) diet, its components, and recurrent depressive symptoms (DepSs).

Methods: The analyses included 4824 participants (73% men, mean age = 61; SD = 5.9) from the British Whitehall II cohort study.

Water-Pore Flow Permeation through Multivalent H-Bonding Pyridine-2,6-dicarboxamide-histamine/Histidine Water Channels.

Aquaporins (AQPs) are natural proteins that can selectively transport water across cell membranes. Heterogeneous H-bonding of water with the inner wall of the pores of AQPs is of maximal importance regarding the optimal stabilization of water clusters within channels, leading to selective pore flow water transport against ions. To gain deeper insight into the water permeation mechanisms, simpler artificial water channels (AWCs) have been developed.

Anisogamy and the Darwin-Bateman paradigm.

The Darwin-Bateman paradigm advanced as the central concept to explain the evolutionary origin of sex differences. However, debates regarding its theoretical underpinnings persist, particularly with respect to the role of anisogamy in sexual selection. The theoretical work presented by Lehtonen and Parker suggests that the initial split in gamete production rate drives sex differences in sexual selection but that any further variation in the degree of anisogamy is not expected to alter the strength of sexual selection in males and females.

Improving Americium/Curium Separation Factors in the AmSel Process through Symmetry Lowering of the Diglycolamide Extractant.

Partitioning and transmutation are important strategies for closing the nuclear fuel cycle. The diglycolamide extractant TODGA has played a major role in the development of solvent extraction processes for nuclear fuel reprocessing due to its good extraction performance, its hydrolytic and radiolytic stability, and its compliance with the CHON principle. However, due to drawbacks such as the tendency to form a third phase during extraction if no phase modifiers are used, continued research on diglycolamide-type extractants has led to the development of diglycolamides with decreased symmetry.