Professional-patient discrepancies in assessing lung cancer radiotherapy symptoms: An international multicentre study.

Background And Purpose: We investigate discrepancies in the assessment of treatment-related symptoms in lung cancer between healthcare professionals and patients, and factors contributing to these discrepancies.

Materials And Methods: Data from 515 participants in the REQUITE study were analysed. Five symptoms (cough, dyspnoea, bronchopulmonary haemorrhage, chest wall pain, dysphagia) were evaluated both before and after radiotherapy.

Validation of visual analog scales of mood and anxiety at the workplace.

Unlabelled: The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) is commonly used to detect depressive or anxious states, but its 14-item questionnaire is time-consuming. Visual analog scales (VAS) are easy to use and quick to implement. Although the VAS has been validated to assess pain and occupational stress, VAS scores for anxiety and mood have never been evaluated in the workplace.

Seroprevalence and associated factors of HIV, syphilis, hepatitis B, and hepatitis C infections among sex workers in Chiangmai, Thailand during easing of COVID-19 lockdown measures.

During the COVID-19 pandemic, sex workers (SW) were one of the vulnerable groups affected by lockdown measures. COVID-19 had also disrupted HIV/Sexually transmitted infection (STI) testing and treatment services for sex workers due to numerous restrictions in specialist medical care. This study aims to assess the seroprevalence of HIV, syphilis, HBV, and HCV and associated factors among SW as COVID-19 restrictions were lifted.

Rectification effects of regional air-sea interactions over western boundary current on large-scale sea surface temperature and extra-tropical storm tracks.

The warm Western Boundary Currents (WBCs) and their zonal extensions are persistent, deep, strong and narrow oceanic currents. They are known to anchor and energize the Extra-Tropical storm tracks by frontal thermal air-sea interactions. However, even in the latest generation of climate models, WBCs are characterized by large biases, and both the present storm-track activity and its recent intensification are poorly estimated.

Experimental evidence of high tick infestation limiting chick growth and survival in a colonial seabird.

While numerous studies have established correlations between parasite load and negative effects on their hosts, establishing causality is more challenging because parasites can directly compromise host condition and survival or simply opportunistically thrive on an already weakened host. Here, we evaluated whether Ixodes uriae, a widespread seabird tick, can cause a decrease in growth parameters (body mass, bill length and growth rates) and survival of chicks of a colonially seabird, the black-browed albatross (Thalassarche melanophris) breeding on New Island (West Falkland). To investigate this, we daily removed the ticks from 28 randomly selected chicks during their first 14 days of life (treated chicks) and compared their growth and survival with 49 chicks of a control group.

A new type III effector from Bradyrhizobium sp. DOA9 encoding a putative SUMO-protease blocks nodulation in Arachis hypogaea L.

Effector proteins secreted via the type III secretion system (T3SS) of nitrogen-fixing rhizobia are key determinants of symbiotic compatibility in legumes. Previous report revealed that the T3SS of Bradyrhizobium sp. DOA9 plays negative effects on Arachis hypogaea symbiosis.

Optimal CO intake in metastable water film in mesoporous materials.

The feasibility of carbon mineralization relies on the carbonation efficiency of CO-reactive minerals, which is largely governed by the water content and state within material mesopores. Yet, the pivotal role of confined water in regulating carbonation efficiency at the nanoscale is not well understood. Here, we show that the maximum CO intake occurs at an optimal relative humidity (RH) when capillary condensation initiates within the hydrophilic mesopores.

Selective Colocalization of GHSR and GLP-1R in a Subset of Hypothalamic Neurons and Their Functional Interaction.

The GH secretagogue receptor (GHSR) and the glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R) are G protein-coupled receptors with critical, yet opposite, roles in regulating energy balance. Interestingly, these receptors are expressed in overlapping brain regions. However, the extent to which they target the same neurons and engage in molecular crosstalk remains unclear.

Children's Acceptance of Intraoral Cameras and Smartphones for Caries Detection: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial.

Background: Teledentistry can improve access to care, but children's acceptance of different imaging techniques is underexplored.

Aim: The aim of this study was to assess children's acceptance of intraoral cameras and smartphones for caries detection.

Design: A randomized controlled trial was conducted in rural Egyptian nurseries, with children aged ≤ 6 years randomized into intraoral camera or smartphone groups.

Comparative genetic mapping and a consensus interspecific genetic map reveal strong synteny and collinearity within the genus.

Introduction: Useful germplasm for citrus breeding includes all sexually compatible species of the former genera , and , now merged in the single genus. An improved knowledge on the synteny/collinearity between the genome of these different species, and on their recombination landscapes, is essential to optimize interspecific breeding schemes.

Method: We have performed a large comparative genetic mapping study including several main clades of the genus.

The histamine analogue clobenpropit modulates IRF7 phosphorylation and interferon production by targeting CXCR4 in systemic lupus erythematosus models.

Introduction: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease characterized by an overactive immune response, particularly involving excessive production of type I interferons. This overproduction is driven by the phosphorylation of IRF7, a crucial factor in interferon gene activation. Current treatments for SLE are often not very effective and can have serious side effects.

Blood-based biomarkers and plasma Aβ assays in the differential diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease and behavioral-variant frontotemporal dementia.

Introduction: The differentiation between Alzheimer's disease (AD) and behavioral-variant frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD) can be complicated in the initial phase by shared symptoms and pathophysiological traits. Nevertheless, advancements in understanding AD's diverse pathobiology suggest the potential for establishing blood-based methods for differential diagnosis.

Methods: We devised a novel assay combining immunoprecipitation and mass spectrometry (IP-MS) to quantify Amyloid-beta (Aβ) peptides in plasma.

Isolation of Viral Biofilms From HTLV-1 Chronically Infected T Cells and Integrity Analysis.

The human T-lymphotropic virus type-1 (HTLV-1) is an oncogenic retrovirus that predominantly spreads through cell-to-cell contact due to the limited infectivity of cell-free viruses. Among various modes of intercellular transmission, HTLV-1 biofilms emerge as adhesive structures, polarized at the cell surface, which encapsulate virions within a protective matrix. This biofilm is supposed to facilitate simultaneous virion delivery during infection.

Population pharmacokinetics and dosing simulations of temocillin in liver-transplanted paediatric patients: a prospective, open-label, non-randomized study.

Objectives: Temocillin is a β-lactam antibiotic used for preventing or treating bacterial infections in liver-transplanted children. We characterized its pharmacokinetics in plasma and ascitic fluid and proposed dosing regimens that maximize the achievement of effective drug exposures in this patient group.

Methods: Patients aged 6-36 months received 25 mg/kg/12 h (n = 14) or 25 mg/kg/8 h (n = 23).

A quantitative benchmark of neural network feature selection methods for detecting nonlinear signals.

Classification and regression problems can be challenging when the relevant input features are diluted in noisy datasets, in particular when the sample size is limited. Traditional Feature Selection (FS) methods address this issue by relying on some assumptions such as the linear or additive relationship between features. Recently, a proliferation of Deep Learning (DL) models has emerged to tackle both FS and prediction at the same time, allowing non-linear modeling of the selected features.

Salivary extracellular vesicles isolation methods impact the robustness of downstream biomarkers detection.

Extracellular vesicles (EVs), crucial mediators in cell-to-cell communication, are implicated in both homeostatic and pathological processes. Their detectability in easily accessible peripheral fluids like saliva positions them as promising candidates for non-invasive biomarker discovery. However, the lack of standardized methods for salivary EVs isolation greatly limits our ability to study them.

Moderating role of digital media on environmental awareness and environmental beliefs to shape farmers' behavioral intentions towards sustainable agricultural land conservation practices.

The Green Revolution in Pakistan introduced intensive agricultural practices aimed at enhancing food security and economic growth. However, these measures have degraded the country's fertile agricultural land and exacerbated climate pollution due to farmers' overexploitation of resources in pursuit of higher yields. Addressing this issue requires identifying factors that can influence farmers' behavior toward adopting sustainable practices.

Nanopore Sequencing as a Cutting-Edge Technology for Medulloblastoma Classification.

Background: Medulloblastoma (MB) is one of the most prevalent embryonal malignant brain tumors. Current classification organizes these tumors into four molecular subgroups (WNT, SHH, Group 3, and Group 4 MB). Recently, a comprehensive classification has been established, identifying numerous subtypes, some of which exhibit a poor prognosis.

Feasibility and safety of ultra-low volume ventilation (≤ 3 ml/kg) combined with extra corporeal carbon dioxide removal (ECCOR) in acute respiratory failure patients.

Background: Ultra-protective ventilation is the combination of low airway pressures and tidal volume (Vt) combined with extra corporeal carbon dioxide removal (ECCOR). A recent large study showed no benefit of ultra-protective ventilation compared to standard ventilation in ARDS (Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome) patients. However, the reduction in Vt failed to achieve the objective of less than or equal to 3 ml/kg predicted body weight (PBW).

A ganglioside-based immune checkpoint enables senescent cells to evade immunosurveillance during aging.

Although senescent cells can be eliminated by the immune system, they tend to accumulate with age in various tissues. Here we show that senescent cells can evade immune clearance by natural killer (NK) cells by upregulating the expression of the disialylated ganglioside GD3 at their surface. The increased level of GD3 expression on senescent cells that naturally occurs upon aging in liver, lung, kidney or bones leads to a strong suppression of NK-cell-mediated immunosurveillance.

The endoplasmic reticulum as a cradle for virus and extracellular vesicle secretion.

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are small membranous carriers of protein, lipid, and nucleic acid cargoes and play a key role in intercellular communication. Recent work has revealed the previously under-recognized participation of endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-associated proteins (ERAPs) during EV secretion, using pathways reminiscent of viral replication and secretion. Here, we present highlights of the literature involving ER/ERAPs in EV biogenesis and propose mechanistic parallels with ERAPs exploited during viral infections.

Lactoferrin as a Versatile Agent in Nanoparticle Applications: From Therapeutics to Agriculture.

Nanoparticles (NPs) have emerged as a potent choice for various applications, from drug delivery to agricultural studies, serving as an alternative and promising methodology for future advancements. They have been widely explored in delivery systems, demonstrating immense promise and high efficiency for the delivery of numerous biomolecules such as proteins and anticancer agents, either solely or modified with other compounds to enhance their capabilities. In addition, the utilization of NPs extends to antimicrobial studies, where they are used to develop novel antibacterial, antifungal, and antiviral formulations with advanced characteristics.

Adult Outcomes of Childhood Wheezing Phenotypes Are Associated with Early-Life Factors.

While the phenotypic diversity of childhood wheezing is well described, the subsequent life course of such phenotypes and their adult outcomes remain poorly understood. We hypothesized that different childhood wheezing phenotypes have varying longitudinal outcomes at age 26. We sought to identify factors associated with wheezing persistence, clinical remission, and new onset in adulthood.