On-time childhood vaccination before and during the COVID-19 pandemic in seven communities: Findings from the New Vaccine Surveillance Network.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic raised unprecedented challenges to vaccinating children. This multi-center study aimed to compare on-time vaccination of children before and during the COVID-19 pandemic and identify key factors associated with on-time vaccination.

Methods: This study was conducted among children aged 0-6 years enrolled in the New Vaccine Surveillance Network at seven geographically diverse U.

Diversity, equity, and inclusion initiatives in the Medical Library Association: a look back at the last twenty-five years.

Over the past twenty-five years, the Medical Library Association (MLA) has pursued a range of diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI) initiatives. This article, written by members of the 's Equity Advisory Group (EAG), outlines significant measures taken to raise awareness about specific concepts, opportunities, and challenges related to DEI among MLA members. Topics discussed include the impact of influential Black, Indigenous, and people of color (BIPOC) leaders, the establishment of DEI and social justice-focused membership communities, and specific initiatives led by various working groups and committees which have served to strengthen MLA's commitment to diversity, equity, and inclusion during the last three decades.

Erratum: Three-Year Results of the GORE VIABAHN Endoprosthesis in the Superficial Femoral Artery for In-Stent Restenosis.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1016/j.jscai.

Low-Field Portable MR Imaging to Evaluate Ventricular Volumes: A Single-Center Retrospective Study.

This study assesses the efficacy of low-field portable MR imaging in measuring ventricular volumes in the pediatric population in the hospital setting. We compared portable and standard of care MR images from the same patient. The estimated ventricular volumes had excellent agreement with a mean bias of 2.

Improving attitudes toward trauma-informed care in the neonatal intensive care unit through comprehensive multi-disciplinary education.

Objective: This study measured staff understanding and integration of trauma-informed care following comprehensive education.

Study Design: This mixed method design used the validated Attitudes Related to Trauma-Informed Care (ARTIC) scale and open-ended survey questions via REDCap optional surveys. Trauma-informed care education was made available to staff members in a level IV NICU.

Scaffold protein SH3BP2 signalosome is pivotal for immune activation in nephrotic syndrome.

Despite clinical use of immunosuppressive agents, the immunopathogenesis of minimal change disease (MCD) and focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) remains unclear. Src homology 3-binding protein 2 (SH3BP2), a scaffold protein, forms an immune signaling complex (signalosome) with 17 other proteins, including phospholipase Cγ2 (PLCγ2) and Rho-guanine nucleotide exchange factor VAV2 (VAV2). Bioinformatic analysis of human glomerular transcriptome (Nephrotic Syndrome Study Network cohort) revealed upregulated SH3BP2 in MCD and FSGS.

The Durability of Antibody Responses of Two Doses of High-Dose Relative to Two Doses of Standard-Dose Inactivated Influenza Vaccine in Pediatric Hematopoietic Cell Transplant Recipients: A Multi-Center Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Our previous study established a 2-dose regimen of high-dose trivalent influenza vaccine (HD-TIV) to be immunogenically superior compared to a 2-dose regimen of standard-dose quadrivalent influenza vaccine (SD-QIV) in pediatric allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplant (HCT) recipients. However, the durability of immunogenicity and the role of time post-HCT at immunization as an effect modifier are unknown.

Methods: This phase II, multi-center, double-blinded, randomized controlled trial compared HD-TIV to SD-QIV in children 3-17 years old who were 3-35 months post-allogeneic HCT, with each formulation administered twice, 28-42 days apart.

Transmission of Lung Adenocarcinoma From a Single Donor in 2 Transplant Recipients: A Case Report With Literature Review.

Malignancies transmitted to recipients during solid organ transplants carry significant morbidity and mortality. We present 2 cases of adenocarcinoma of donor lung origin transmitted via liver and kidney transplant from a single donor. Both recipients developed metastatic adenocarcinoma of lung origin with p.

Preoperative Epidural Steroid Injections and Postoperative Infections After Lumbar or Cervical Spine Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Objective: To determine the risk difference and 95% prediction intervals (PIs) for postoperative infections (POIs) associated with preoperative epidural steroid injections (ESIs) in adults undergoing lumbar or cervical spine surgery.

Methods: Comprehensive database searches were conducted from inception dates through December 2023. Inclusion criteria included all study designs involving adults receiving a preoperative ESI before lumbar or cervical decompression or fusion spine surgery.

Retrospective cohort comparison between fluoroscopic and radiograph-only exams for evaluation of gastrostomy and gastrojejunostomy tubes.

Background: Gastrostomy (G) tube or gastrojejunostomy (GJ) tube checks are radiographic procedures that are frequently ordered to confirm tube positioning.

Objective: To characterize the sensitivity and specificity of radiograph-only examinations and traditional radiologist-performed fluoroscopy exams for G-tube or GJ-tube malposition and other adverse events detectable by imaging.

Materials And Methods: We performed a retrospective cohort study at a single tertiary pediatric center that included all subjects who underwent G-tube or GJ-tube checks using fluoroscopy or radiograph-only exams between January 1, 2008, and January 1, 2019.

Transition of Care in Children with Chronic Kidney Disease, Dialysis, and Transplantation.

Improvement in management of pediatric renal disorders has led to patient survival rates of 85-90%, increasing the number of adolescent and young adult (AYA) patients with childhood onset chronic kidney disease (CKD) transitioning to adult care settings. Pediatric CKD patients differ from adults with CKD in view of early onset of disease (sometimes with fetal onset), different disease spectrum, the potential effect of CKD on neurodevelopment, and substantial involvement of parents in medical decision making. In addition to the usual challenges of emerging adulthood (graduation from school to work, independent living, peak in impulsivity and risk-taking behaviors), young adults with pediatric CKD need to learn to manage a serious medical condition independently.

Minocycline-Induced Hyperpigmentation of Nails.

Minocycline is an antibiotic used for several dermatologic conditions, including rosacea. The development of skin, scleral, and nail hyperpigmentation may occur with long-term use of minocycline, and this is associated with no adverse effect on function. We present a case of a 66-year-old male who developed blue-gray hyperpigmentation of his nail beds after treating rosacea with systemic minocycline for over 20 years.

The Evolution of Longitudinal Strain Across Various Univentricular Morphologies Prior to Superior Cavopulmonary Anastomosis.

Background: Infants with single-ventricle physiology have increased morbidity, mortality, and ventricular dysfunction in the pre-superior cavopulmonary anastomosis (pre-SCPA) period. Echocardiography-derived longitudinal strain (LS) is emerging as a reliable marker of single-ventricle performance. We aim to assess evolution of LS during the pre-SCPA period across univentricular morphologies and explore associations of LS with modifiable and nonmodifiable factors.

Transport Across Membranes: Techniques for Measuring Drug Import in Fungal Cells.

The ability of many antifungal molecules to traverse the fungal cell wall and accumulate within the cell is crucial to its ability to have the desired biological activity. Altered accumulation of the drug is an important mechanism of antifungal drug resistance. The best characterized mechanism for altered accumulation is through the action of the drug efflux pump which actively transports the drugs out of the membrane, although this is not the only mechanism for this phenomenon.

Transport across Membranes: Techniques for Measuring Efflux in Fungal Cells.

One of the most prevalent mechanisms of antifungal drug resistance is export of the molecule from the fungal cells through the action of putative efflux pumps or transporters. Drug efflux is a particularly common mechanism of resistance to azole antifungals, one of the most widely used classes of antifungal drugs. Here, we provide detailed protocols for two assays of small-molecule efflux activity: rhodamine 6G efflux and alanine-naphthylamide accumulation.

Pediatric COVID-19 Involving Complicated Sinusitis With Intracranial Extension and Lemierre Syndrome: A Case Report.

Pediatric coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been associated with various complications including chronic respiratory disease and multisystem inflammatory syndrome. There are a few reported cases of complicated sinusitis following pediatric COVID-19 infection. We present a patient with recent COVID-19 who developed complicated sinusitis with intracranial extension and Lemierre syndrome.

Drug Development for New Psychiatric Drug Therapies.

Drug development is an expensive, high risk, and highly regulated process. Only about 6.2% of new molecules tested for mental disorders eventually achieve Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval.

Three-Year Results of the GORE VIABAHN Endoprosthesis in the Superficial Femoral Artery for In-Stent Restenosis.

Background: The study objective was to assess the postmarket safety and effectiveness of the GORE VIABHAN endoprosthesis with heparin bioactive surface for the treatment of in-stent restenosis (ISR) of the superficial femoral artery (SFA).

Methods: A prospective, single-arm, international study enrolled patients at 23 sites from October 2015 to April 2018. Patients with ≥50% ISR or occlusions in the SFA, Rutherford categories 2-5, and at least 1 patent runoff vessel were eligible.

Disruption of seasonal enterovirus and parechovirus detections in the CSF and plasma of children during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Background: Enteroviruses (EV) and parechovirus (PeV) are a common cause of CNS infection in children. Both viruses demonstrate consistent seasonal patterns, with detections mainly in the summer-fall months. While research has shown COVID-19 pandemic-related disruption of traditional seasonality of respiratory pathogens, the pandemic's impact on non-respiratory pathogens is less understood.

Imaging of pediatric hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients: A COG Diagnostic Imaging Committee/SPR Oncology Committee White Paper.

Imaging in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation patients is not targeted at evaluating the transplant per se. Rather, imaging is largely confined to evaluating peri-procedural and post-procedural complications. Alternatively, imaging may be performed to establish a baseline study for comparison should the patient develop certain post-procedural complications.