Correlation of employees' perception of workload with workload indicators.

In this study, the measurement of perception of pharmacists' workload did not correlate well with any workload indicators studied. Generally, census on the study date correlated well for pharmacy technicians working in various areas of the pharmacy. If it is agreed that perception of workload is the real measure of activity--that is, how busy the employees believe it is--then the indicators used in this study are not useful.

Cell surface CD44-related chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan is required for transforming growth factor-beta-stimulated mouse melanoma cell motility and invasive behavior on type I collagen.

Tumor cell metastasis involves a complex series of events, including the adhesion, migration and invasive behavior of tumor cells on components of the extracellular matrix. Multiple cell surface receptors mediate interactions with the surrounding extracellular matrix and thereby influence cell adhesion, motility and invasion. We have previously described a cell surface CD44-related chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan on highly metastatic melanoma cells.

Placement of the Palmaz stent with use of an 8-F introducer sheath and Olbert balloons.

Purpose: The authors describe a modified technique for delivering Palmaz 30-mm stents.

Materials And Methods: The modification is based on the use of an 8-mm Olbert balloon mounted on a 5.8-F shaft.

Effects of central venous catheter placement on upper extremity duplex US findings.

Purpose: The upper extremity veins of 17 patients who underwent operative central venous catheter placement were studied prospectively with color duplex sonography to determine which duplex changes, if any, could be due to the presence of the catheter alone and to determine if these waveform changes could mimic the dampened waveform seen peripheral to central nonvisualized or nonocclusive thrombosis or proximal stenosis.

Patients And Methods: The subclavian, internal jugular, and brachiocephalic veins were examined with color duplex sonography immediately before and after catheter placement. Images obtained before and after catheterization were reviewed by two radiologists for (a) spectral broadening in both the vein of insertion and the brachiocephalic vein, (b) transmission of atrial pulsations, and (c) respiratory phasicity.

Pulmonary neuroendocrine cells in pediatric lung disease: alterations in airway structure in infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia.

Despite four decades of investigation, the function of pulmonary neuroendocrine cells (NEC) remains unclear. Since NEC secretory products may influence airway growth or differentiation or alter airway smooth muscle tone, increased numbers of NEC seen in bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) may be partially responsible for the genesis of the structural and pathophysiological alterations seen in this disease state. Changes in airway structure were studied in six infants dying with BPD and six conceptional age-matched control infants dying of noncardiopulmonary disease.

Early versus late acute renal allograft rejection: impact on chronic rejection.

We studied the effect of acute renal allograft rejection and its timing on the development of chronic rejection and subsequent graft loss. Between January 1, 1987 and April 30, 1991, 424 patients at the University of Minnesota received a primary kidney transplant (minimum follow-up, 1 year). Patients were subdivided by donor source, presence or absence of acute rejection, and the timing of acute rejection onset (early, < or = 60 days vs.

Radiation hormesis. Its emerging significance in medical practice.

Because of the strong scientific evidence in support of radiation hormesis, we can no longer ignore this concept. There is, however, need for additional, carefully documented investigations in selected biological systems exposed to LLIR if the matter of radiation hormesis is to be settled once and for all. This need should be addressed without delay, as the matter of benefits derived from LLIR exposure could have major economic and epidemiologic implications.

Unrelated-donor bone marrow transplantation for Philadelphia chromosome-positive chronic myelogenous leukemia in children.

Purpose: Bone marrow transplantation (BMT) for Philadelphia chromosome-positive (Ph1) chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) results in a 55% to 64% disease-free survival (DFS) rate in 20% to 30% of cases with a matched-sibling donor (MSD). Studies that include primarily adults with CML, using unrelated-donor (URD) BMT, have expanded this option to those without an MSD. We review and compare the efficacy of URD and MSD BMT in children with Ph1 CML.

Evidence of venous stasis after abdominal insufflation for laparoscopic cholecystectomy.

Intraoperative venous stasis may increase the risk for perioperative deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism. To determine if abdominal insufflation during laparoscopic cholecystectomy causes venous stasis, eight patients undergoing this procedure had their left common femoral veins examined by a duplex scanner before and after abdominal insufflation; the veins then were examined again before and after deflation. The right femoral veins were catheterized to measure femoral venous pressures.

Mammography in the 1990s: a plea for objective doctors and informed patients.

Mammography screening is increasingly promoted as a means to avoid death from breast cancer. Although some randomized trials have shown a mortality benefit in the older screened groups, not all the results have been statistically significant; benefit has not been shown in younger age groups. Mammography detects smaller lesions than physical examination, but the only randomized trial comparing the mortality benefits of mammography and physical examination shows no benefit for mammography.

Secondary organ dysfunction. From clinical perspectives to molecular mediators.

The systemic inflammatory response and progression to secondary organ dysfunction are manifestations of the host's responses to injury. This article outlines the clinical manifestations of this injury-response cascade. The potential roles of cytokines, eicosanoids, platelet-activating factor, nitric oxide, oxygen-free radicals, and the leukocyte-endothelial interaction are explored in some detail.

Reverse mismatch between perfusion and aerosol ventilation in transplanted lungs.

Thirty ventilation-perfusion pulmonary scintigraphic studies were performed in 13 patients who had undergone unilateral lung transplantation. Ventilation-perfusion mismatch (ventilation better than perfusion) was judged absent, mild, moderate, or severe in the transplanted and native lungs. Ventilation-perfusion mismatch was significantly worse in the transplanted lungs (p < .

Half-life and risk factors for kidney transplant outcome--importance of death with function.

Transplant center outcome is being increasingly scrutinized, so it is critical to have a consistent approach to data analysis. Standard practice has been to include death with function as a graft loss. But doing so may obscure other important risk factors and make it difficult to compare centers.

Experiences of the first 493 unrelated marrow donors in the National Marrow Donor Program.

More than 410,000 people participated in the National Marrow Donor Program (NMDP) as of October 1, 1991, and more than 850 volunteers had donated marrow. While the incidence of serious morbidity as a result of bone marrow donation is rare, the incidence of lesser complications and the long-term consequences of marrow donation are not known. To determine the incidence of donor complications and measure the recovery time of volunteer, unrelated marrow donors, we analyzed the results of surveys of the first 493 persons who donated marrow through the NMDP.

Computerized tomography in the diagnosis of appendicovesical fistula.

Appendicitis and its complications are among the causes of an enterovesical fistula, with approximately 100 such cases reported. This condition is seldom diagnosed preoperatively and surgery is often delayed. We report 2 cases of an appendicovesical fistula that were diagnosed preoperatively by computerized tomography (CT).

A novel approach to clonality analysis. Alterations in genomic methylation of Epstein-Barr virus transformed lymphocytes.

We have studied eight different Epstein-Barr virus transformed cell lines (EBV-LCL) with respect to genomic methylation at a single locus, M-bcr (the major breakpoint cluster region of chronic myelogenous leukemia). Restriction digests with the methylation sensitive enzyme, Hpall, illustrated marked differences in M-bcr methylation patterns between the various cell lines. Some of the cell lines displayed prominent allelic heterogeneity: within each of these samples there were numerous different M-bcr/Hpall allelic fragments on Southern analysis.

Event-related potential evidence of dysfunction in automatic processing in abstinent alcoholics.

The preattentive automatic processing of 63 alcoholics and 27 controls was evaluated with an auditory inattentive event-related oddball paradigm. We examined the mismatch negativity and the N2-P3 complex. Results showed significantly greater amplitude for N2, P3 and the N2-P3 complex for controls but no individual lead (Fz, Cz, Pz) differences by group.