A 10-km CMIP6 downscaled dataset of temperature and precipitation for historical and future Vietnam climate.

High-resolution climate projections are mandatory for many applications and impact assessments in environmental and management studies. In response to the needs in Vietnam, this study constructs a new precipitation and temperature daily dataset for Vietnam, at a high spatial resolution of 0.1° × 0.

Natural Cellulose Fiber-Derived Photothermal Aerogel for Efficient and Sustainable Solar Desalination.

Aerogels are becoming a promising platform to fabricate photothermal materials for use in solar steam generation (SSG), which have remarkable application potential in solar desalination, due to their excellent thermal management, salt resistance, and considerable water evaporation rate. In this work, a novel photothermal material is fabricated by forming a suspension between sugarcane bagasse fibers (SBF) and poly(vinyl alcohol), tannic acid (TA), and Fe solutions via hydrogen bonds of hydroxyl groups. After freeze drying, the fabricated SBF aerogel-based photothermal (SBFAP) material possesses a 3D interconnected porous microstructure, which could enhance water transportation ability, reduce thermal conductivity, and quickly dissolve salt crystals on the SBFAP surface.

Factors associated with receipt of informal care among the Vietnamese older persons: Evidence from a national survey.

Background: The rapidly growing older population in Vietnam poses an increasing need for care among the older persons, who have mainly relied on informal care at homes and communities. This study examined the Vietnamese older persons' individual and household factors determining their receipt of informal care.

Methods: This study provided cross-tabulations and multivariable regression analyses to identify who provided assistance to the Vietnamese older people along with their individual and household characteristics.

Stigmastane-type steroid saponins from the leaves of and their -glucosidase and xanthine oxidase inhibitory activities.

Two new vernonioside K () and vernonioside L () and four known Δ stigmastane-type steroidal saponins-vernonioside B2 (), vernoniacum B (), vernonioside B1 (), and vernoamyoside A ()-were isolated from the leaves of . Their structures were determined by comprehensive spectroscopic analysis with one-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance, two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance, and high-resolution mass spectrometry. All isolated compounds (-) were evaluated to determine their inhibitory effects on -glucosidase and xanthine oxidase.

Alpha-Glucosidase Inhibitory Activity of Saponins Isolated from Hance.

Species belonging to the (Asteraceae), the largest genus in the tribe Vernonieae (consisting of about 1,000 species), are widely used in food and medicine. These plants are rich sources of bioactive sesquiterpene lactones and steroid saponins, likely including many as yet undiscovered chemical components. A phytochemical investigation resulted in the separation of three new stigmastane-type steroidal saponins (1 - 3), designated as vernogratiosides A-C, from whole plants of .

Gas Sensing of Laser-Produced Hybrid TiO-ZnO Nanomaterials under Room-Temperature Conditions.

The preparation method can considerably affect the structural, morphological, and gas-sensing properties of mixed-oxide materials which often demonstrate superior photocatalytic and sensing performance in comparison with single-metal oxides. In this work, hybrids of semiconductor nanomaterials based on TiO and ZnO were prepared by laser ablation of Zn and Ti plates in water and then tested as chemiresistive gas sensors towards volatile organics (2-propanol, acetaldehyde, ethanol, methanol) and ammonia. An infrared millisecond pulsed laser with energy 2.

Synthesis and In Vitro Testing of YVO:Eu@silica-NH-GDA-IgG Bio-Nano Complexes for Labelling MCF-7 Breast Cancer Cells.

We present a visual tool and facile method to detect MCF-7 breast cancer cells by using YVO:Eu@silica-NH-GDA-IgG bio-nanocomplexes. To obtain these complexes, YVO:Eu nanoparticles with a uniform size of 10-25 nm have been prepared firstly by the hydrothermal process, followed by surface functionalization to be bio-compatible and conjugated with cancer cells. The YVO:Eu@silica-NH-GDA-IgG nanoparticles exhibited an enhanced red emission at 618 nm under an excitation wavelength of 355 nm and were strongly coupled with MCF-7 breast cancer cells via biological conjugation.

Phytochemical constituents from (Thunb.) Hyl. and their nitric oxide production inhibitory activities.

A new megastigmane glycoside, (3,47-megastigma-5,7-diene-9-one-3,4-diol 3-D-apiofuranosyl-(1→2)--D-glucopyranoside () and a new cyanogenic glycosyl derivative, ()-2-(6'rosmarinoyl--D-glucopyranosyloxy)-phenylacetonitrile () were isolated from the methanol extract of the together with twelve known compounds, 1-D-glucopyranosyl-2-hydroxy-4-allylbenzene (), citrusin C (), 1,2-di-D-glucopyranosyl-4-allylbenzene (), manglieside B (), 4-allyl-2-hydroxyphenyl 1-D-apiofuranosyl-(1→6)--D-glucopyranoside (), (-)-isolariciresinol 3α--D-glucopyranoside (), 7,8-threo-4,7,9-trihydroxy-3,3'-dimethoxy-84'-neolignan-9'-D-glucopyranoside (), 7,8-threo-4,7,9,9'-tetrahydroxy-3-methoxy-84'-neolignan-9'-D-glucopyranoside (), cedrusin-4-D-glucopyranoside (), icariside E (), everlastoside L () and rosmarinic acid (). Their chemical structures were elucidated on the basic of extensive 1D and 2D-NMR experiments, as well as their mass spectroscopic data. The absolute configurations of the compounds and were successfully indicated by both theoretical and calculated CD spectra.

Designing a novel heterostructure AgInS@MIL-101(Cr) photocatalyst from PET plastic waste for tetracycline degradation.

Semiconductor-containing porous materials with a well-defined structure could be unique scaffolds for carrying out selective organic transformations driven by visible light. We herein introduce for the first time a heterostructure of silver indium sulfide (AgInS) ternary chalcogenide and a highly porous MIL-101(Cr) metal-organic framework (MOF) synthesised from polyethylene terephthalate plastic waste. Our results demonstrate that AgInS nanoparticles were uniformly attached to each lattice plane of the octahedral MIL-101(Cr) structure, resulting in a nanocomposite with a high distribution of semiconductors in a porous media.

Streamflow Prediction in Highly Regulated, Transboundary Watersheds Using Multi-Basin Modeling and Remote Sensing Imagery.

Despite the potential of remote sensing for monitoring reservoir operation, few studies have investigated the extent to which reservoir releases can be inferred across different spatial and temporal scales. Through evaluating 21 reservoirs in the highly regulated Greater Mekong region, remote sensing imagery was found to be useful in estimating daily storage volumes for within-year and over-year reservoirs (correlation coefficients [CC] ≥ 0.9, normalized root mean squared error [NRMSE] ≤ 31%), but not for run-of-river reservoirs (CC < 0.

Theoretical and Experimental Models to Evaluate the Possibility of Corrosion Resistant Concrete for Coastal Offshore Structures.

This study built theoretical and practical models to evaluate the corrosion resistance of concrete for coastal offshore structures in Vietnam. A mathematical model was developed in the form of a system of nonlinear partial differential equations characterizing the diffusion "free calcium hydroxide" in a solid of a concrete structure. The model describes the process of non-stationary mass conductivity observed in the "concrete structure-marine environment" system under non-uniform arbitrary initial conditions, as well as combined boundary conditions of the second and third kind, taking into account the nonlinear nature of the coefficients of mass conductivity and mass transfer .

Synthesis and Characterization of Polypyrrole Film Doped with Both Molybdate and Salicylate and Its Application in the Corrosion Protection for Low Carbon Steel.

Polypyrrole (PPy) films doped with molybdate and salicylate have been successfully electropolymerized on low carbon steel in aqueous solutions containing both molybdate and salicylate in a one-step process that did not require any pre-treatment of the steel substrate. Salicylate-doped PPy films were synthesized in the same way for comparison. The steel surface was rapidly inhibited and the PPy-based films were formed on it easily.

Groundwater arsenic content in quaternary aquifers of the Red River delta, Vietnam, controlled by the hydrogeological processes.

The relation between arsenic groundwater concentrations and hydrogeological processes was investigated in the proximal part of the Red River delta, Vietnam, west of the depression cone formed by the exploitation of groundwater in Hanoi. Flow paths in the Quaternary aquifers were modeled based on previously interpreted geological structure and hydrogeological data gathered during field work in 2014-2017. Sedimentary structures and simulated flow patterns were compared with the spatial distribution of the groundwater arsenic concentration.

Heterostructure of vanadium pentoxide and mesoporous SBA-15 derived from natural halloysite for highly efficient photocatalytic oxidative desulphurisation.

Integration between conventional semiconductors and porous materials can enhance electron-hole separation, improving photocatalytic activity. Here, we introduce a heterostructure that was successfully constructed between vanadium pentoxide (VO) and mesoporous SBA-15 using inexpensive halloysite clay as the silica-aluminium source. The composite material with 40% doped VO shows excellent catalytic performance in the oxidative desulphurisation of dibenzothiophene (conversion of 99% with only a minor change after four-cycle tests).

Preparation and Photocatalytic Characterization of Modified Nano TiO/Nd/Rice Husk Ash Material for Rifampicin Removal in Aqueous Solution.

Antibiotics like rifampicin are often persistent in the environment. When entering the water, it causes antimicrobial resistance that affects the ecosystem and accumulates in the aquatic organisms and affects human health through the food chain. In this study, titanium dioxide was doped with neodymium (0.

Precipitation and Soil Moisture Spatio-Temporal Variability and Extremes over Vietnam (1981-2019): Understanding Their Links to Rice Yield.

Vietnam, one of the three leading rice producers globally, has recently seen an increased threat to its rice production emanating from climate extremes (floods and droughts). Understanding spatio-temporal variability in precipitation and soil moisture is essential for policy formulations to adapt and cope with the impacts of climate extremes on rice production in Vietnam. Adopting a higher-order statistical method of independent component analysis (ICA), this study explores the spatio-temporal variability in the Climate Hazards Group InfraRed Precipitation Station's (CHIRPS) precipitation and the Global Land Data Assimilation System's (GLDAS) soil moisture products.

Gross beta and alpha activities in the selected commercial freshwater fish species in Vietnam.

The baseline data of radioactivity levels in food is one of the main factors for the assessment of resident's health risk. Gross beta and alpha activity was identified for selected commercial freshwater fish species, including 29 types of fish species by a gas-flow proportional detector. The samples were collected from wholesale markets in Hanoi city, Vietnam.

Topological Voting Method for Image Segmentation.

Image segmentation is one of the main problems in image processing. In order to improve the accuracy of segmentation, one often creates a number of masks (annotations) for a same image and then uses some voting methods on these masks to obtain a more accurate mask. In this paper, we propose a voting method whose voting rule is not pixel-wise but takes into account the natural geometric-topological properties of the masks.

Enhancing Crop Yield Prediction Utilizing Machine Learning on Satellite-Based Vegetation Health Indices.

Accurate crop yield forecasting is essential in the food industry's decision-making process, where vegetation condition index (VCI) and thermal condition index (TCI) coupled with machine learning (ML) algorithms play crucial roles. The drawback, however, is that a one-fits-all prediction model is often employed over an entire region without considering subregional VCI and TCI's spatial variability resulting from environmental and climatic factors. Furthermore, when using nonlinear ML, redundant VCI/TCI data present additional challenges that adversely affect the models' output.

Glucocorticoids and natural killer cells: A suppressive relationship.

Glucocorticoids exert their pharmacological actions by mimicking and amplifying the function of the endogenous glucocorticoid system's canonical physiological stress response. They affect the immune system at the levels of inflammation and adaptive and innate immunity. These effects are the basis for therapeutic use of glucocorticoids.

Excitonic condensation state in the assistance of the adiabatic and anti-adiabatic phonons.

The excitonic condensate in semimetal and semiconducting materials with the assistance of the phonons in both the adiabatic and anti-adiabatic regimes has been investigated. In the framework of the random phase approximation, we analyse the static excitonic susceptibility function once the electrons and holes are described in the extended Falicov-Kimball model involving the electron-phonon interaction. The excitonic condensate transition point is detected as a divergence of the susceptibility function.

Impact of surface diffusion on transport through porous materials.

The peak parking method was applied to evaluate the surface diffusivity D of polystyrenes dissolved in a THF/heptane mixture and transported through porous silica materials with various morphologies. With this method, the overall effective diffusivity D is measured experimentally with coarse-grained models like Maxwell equation allowing one to infer the particle diffusivity D. Such particle diffusivity has two main contributions: in-pore diffusivity D and surface diffusivity D.

Green Synthesis of Stable Spherical Monodisperse Silver Nanoparticles Using a Cell-Free Extract of .

In the current study, a green method for the preparation of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) is presented as an alternative to conventional chemical and physical approaches. A biomass of () fungus was used as a green and renewable source of reductase enzymes and metabolites, which are capable of transforming Ag ions into AgNPs with a small size (mainly 2-6 nm) and narrow size distribution (2-25 nm). Moreover, extracellular biosynthesis was carried out with a cell-free water extract (CFE) of , which allows for facile monitoring of the bioreduction process using UV-Vis spectroscopy and investigation of the effect of experimental conditions on the transformation of Ag ions into AgNPs, as well as the simple isolation of as-prepared AgNPs for the study of their size, morphology and antibacterial properties.