Sequential MALDI-HiPLEX-IHC and Untargeted Spatial Proteomics Mass Spectrometry Imaging to Detect Proteomic Alterations Associated with Tumour Infiltrating Lymphocytes.

MALDI-HiPLEX-IHC mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) represents a newly established workflow to map tens of antibodies linked to photocleavable mass tags (PC-MTs), which report the distribution of antigens in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue sections. While this highly multiplexed approach has previously been integrated with untargeted methods, the possibility of mapping target cell antigens and performing bottom-up spatial proteomics on the same tissue section has yet to be explored. This proof-of-concept study presents a novel workflow combining MALDI-HiPLEX-IHC with untargeted spatial proteomics to analyze a single FFPE tissue section, using clinical clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) tissue as a model.

Automate the process of formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded blocks storage in the pathology laboratory: A proof of concept study.

Pathology laboratories are currently facing remarkable issues in the management of their archives due to the ongoing increase in the production of formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) blocks, which is often coupled with inadequate spatial and environmental storing conditions. The manual process of storage and retrieving further increases the likelihood of human-based mistakes, wastes professionals' working time, and, ultimately, widens reports signing turn-around times. In the present work, we outline the strategies underlying the development of an automated archive at the pathology services of the University of Modena.

Basic Science and Pathogenesis.

Background: We recently demonstrated that large extracellular vesicles (EVs) released by Aβ-loaded microglia and carrying Aβ (Aβ-EVs) propagate synaptic dysfunction in the mouse brain by moving at the axon surface (Gabrielli et al., Brain, 2022; Falcicchia et al., Brain Commun, 2023).

Basic Science and Pathogenesis.

ARIA-E/H (amyloid-related imaging abnormalities-Edema/Hemorrhage) is an umbrella term that defines the radiographic appearance of MRI images abnormality during treatments with Aβ-lowering monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) for Alzheimer's disease immunotherapy. Today, it is well-recognized that ARIA-E events can also occur spontaneously in patients with cerebral amyloid angiopathy-related inflammation (CAA-ri), a rare autoimmune encephalopathy associated with raised cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) concentrations of spontaneous auto-antibodies against Aβ (aAbs). In this framework, the last years of research and experience of the iCAB international Network generated an increased consensus that therapy-induced ARIA is the iatrogenic manifestation of CAA-ri.

Not all stains are made equal: impact of stain normalization on prostate cancer diagnosis.

Objective: Stain normalization is a technique used to standardize the color appearance of digital whole slide images (WSIs). This study aimed to assess the impact of digital stain normalization on prostate cancer diagnosis by pathologists.

Methods: A multi-institutional board of four pathologists evaluated 407 hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) prostate WSIs before and after stain normalization.

Bifunctional Pd-Pt Supported Nanoparticles for the Mild Hydrodeoxygenation and Oxidation of Biomass-Derived Compounds.

The conversion of bio-based molecules into valuable chemicals is essential for advancing sustainable processes and addressing global resource challenges. However, conventional catalytic methods often demand harsh conditions and struggle with low product selectivity. This study introduces a series of bifunctional PdxPty catalysts supported on TiO2, designed for achieving selective and mild-temperature catalysis in biomass conversion.

Floor of the Mouth Hemorrhage Following Dental Implant Placement or Guided Bone Regeneration (GBR) in the Atrophic Interforaminal Mandible.

The authors present two cases of mouth floor hemorrhage consequences of implant placement within the atrophic anterior mandible. In one patient, the implant placement was associated with the guided bone regeneration (GBR) technique. This serious complication has been widely described in the literature, especially in the anterior mandible area.

Membrane-targeted push-pull azobenzenes for the optical modulation of membrane potential.

We introduce a family of membrane-targeted azobenzenes (MTs) with a push-pull character as a new tool for cell stimulation. These molecules are water soluble and spontaneously partition in the cell membrane. Upon light irradiation, they isomerize from trans to cis, changing the local charge distribution and thus stimulating the cell response.

Our ways will not change: Future collective continuity increases present prosocial considerations.

Collective continuity, the perception of the ingroup as an enduring temporal entity, has been linked with ingroup favouritism, negative attitudes and prejudice towards the outgroups. However, previous studies focused mainly on the perceived connection between the past and present of the group. We proposed that the expectation of a strong similarity between the present and future of the national ingroup, future collective continuity (FCC), positively affects present intergroup relations construals.

Dual role of extracellular vesicles in neurodegenerative diseases.

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are cell-to-cell interaction tools that are attracting increasing interest in the literature in two opposing areas. In addition to their role in physiological development, there is growing evidence of their involvement in healing and protective processes. However, EVs also mediate pathological conditions, particularly contributing to the progression of several chronic diseases, such as neurodegenerative diseases.

Prevalence and outcomes of arthritis in pediatric IBD: A multicenter study from the Italian Society of Pediatric Gastroenterology Hepatology and Nutrition.

Background And Aims: The aim of the present study was to assess prevalence and disease outcomes of arthritis in a nationwide cohort of pediatric patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).

Methods: We collected data of pediatric IBD patients experiencing arthritis from the Italian Society of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition IBD registry. We gathered baseline and one-year follow-up data on concomitant IBD and arthritis diagnosis.

The Italian Crowdsourcing Project: Visual word recognition times for 130,495 Italian words.

Despite being largely spoken and studied by language and cognitive scientists, Italian lacks large resources of language processing data. The Italian Crowdsourcing Project (ICP) is a dataset of word recognition times and accuracy including responses to 130,465 words, which makes it the largest dataset of its kind item-wise. The data were collected in an online word knowledge task in which over 156,000 native speakers of Italian took part.

A crucial active site network of titratable residues guides catalysis and NAD binding in human succinic semialdehyde dehydrogenase.

Human succinic semialdehyde dehydrogenase is a mitochondrial enzyme fundamental in the neurotransmitter γ-aminobutyric acid catabolism. It catalyzes the NAD-dependent oxidative degradation of its derivative, succinic semialdehyde, to succinic acid. Mutations in its gene lead to an inherited neurometabolic rare disease, succinic semialdehyde dehydrogenase deficiency, characterized by mental and developmental delay.

Right ventricular reserve in cardiopulmonary disease: a simultaneous hemodynamic and three-dimensional echocardiographic study.

Background: RV reserve has been linked to exercise capacity and prognosis in cardiopulmonary diseases. However, evidence in this setting is limited, due to the complex shape and load dependency of the RV. We sought to study right ventricular (RV) adaptation to exercise by simultaneous three-dimensional echocardiography (3DE) and right heart catheterization (RHC).

CT-radiomics and pathological tumor response to systemic therapy: A predictive analysis for colorectal liver metastases. Development and internal validation of a clinical-radiomic model.

Introduction: The standard treatment of colorectal liver metastases (CRLM) is surgery with perioperative chemotherapy. A tumor response to systemic therapy confirmed at pathology examination is the strongest predictor of survival, but it cannot be adequately predicted in the preoperative setting. This bi-institutional retrospective study investigates whether CT-based radiomics of CRLM and peritumoral tissue provides a reliable non-invasive estimation of the pathological tumor response to chemotherapy.

Does syndromic surveillance assist public health practice in early detecting respiratory epidemics? Evidence from a wide Italian retrospective experience.

Background: Large-scale diagnostic testing has been proven ineffective for prompt monitoring of the spread of COVID-19. Electronic resources may facilitate enhanced early detection of epidemics. Here, we aimed to retrospectively explore whether examining trends in the use of emergency and healthcare services and the Google search engine is useful in detecting Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus outbreaks early compared with the currently used swab-based surveillance system.

Prognostic and predictive impact of NOTCH1 mutation in chronic lymphocytic leukemia: a systematic review.

Mutations in the oncogene are recurrently linked to chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), found in approximately 10% of CLL cases at diagnosis. Although these mutations are associated with clinical outcomes, their significance in the context of treatment with anti-CD20 monoclonal antibodies, Bruton's tyrosine kinase inhibitors, and BCL2 inhibitors remains controversial. Consequently, testing for mutations is not recommended outside of a clinical setting.

Insights into polyethylene biodegradative fingerprint of E5 and D4 by phenotypic and genome-based comparative analyses.

Polyethylene (PE) is the most-produced polyolefin, and consequently, it is the most widely found plastic waste worldwide. PE biodegradation is under study by applying different (micro)organisms in order to understand the biodegradative mechanism in the majority of microbes. This study aims to identify novel bacterial species with compelling metabolic potential and strategic genetic repertoires for PE biodegradation.

Are patients with Parkinson's disease impaired in the recognition of emotion's authenticity?

In recognising emotions expressed by others, one can make use of both embodied cognition and mechanisms that do not necessarily require activation of the limbic system, such as evoking from memory the meaning of morphological features of the observed face. Instead, we believe that the recognition of the authenticity of an emotional expression is primarily based on embodied cognition, for which the mirror system would play a significant role. To verify this hypothesis, we submitted 20 parkinsonian patients and 20 healthy control subjects to the Emotional Authenticity Recognition test, a novel test using dynamic stimuli to evaluate the ability to recognise emotions and their authenticity.

Boosting Psychotherapy With Noninvasive Brain Stimulation: The Whys and Wherefores of Modulating Neural Plasticity to Promote Therapeutic Change.

The phenomenon of neural plasticity pertains to the intrinsic capacity of neurons to undergo structural and functional reconfiguration through learning and experiential interaction with the environment. These changes could manifest themselves not only as a consequence of various life experiences but also following therapeutic interventions, including the application of noninvasive brain stimulation (NIBS) and psychotherapy. As standalone therapies, both NIBS and psychotherapy have demonstrated their efficacy in the amelioration of psychiatric disorders' symptoms, with a certain variability in terms of effect sizes and duration.

Reference ranges for complete blood count in children and adolescents with Down syndrome.

Introduction: Down syndrome (DS) is linked to unique hematopoietic characteristics that affect complete blood count (CBC) parameters. Accurate reference ranges are essential for proper CBC interpretation in this population.

Methods: This retrospective study analyzed 2,627 CBCs from 481 DS patients, aged 31 days to 18 years, at a tertiary care center in Italy.

The morphological dietary preferences of an outbreaking population of corallivorous crown-of-thorns sea stars (Acanthaster sp.) in the Gulf of Thailand.

The current study investigated the morphological dietary preferences of an outbreaking population of corallivorous crown-of-thorn sea stars (Acanthaster sp.) in Koh Tao, situated in the Gulf of Thailand. The local effects of such populations deemed to be in outbreak are currently poorly understood.

Methylcellulose enhances resolution in gravitational field-flow fractionation: Going beyond viscosity.

Gravitational Field-Flow Fractionation (GrFFF) is an elution-based method designed for the separation of particles ranging from a few micrometers up to approximately 100 μm in diameter. Separation occurs over time, with particles being fractionated based on size and other physico-chemical properties. GrFFF takes advantage of gravitational forces acting perpendicularly to a laminar flow in a thin channel.