Exploring Analgesic Use Patterns Among Cancer Survivors With Chronic Chemotherapy-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy.

Objectives: To explore cancer survivors' historical and current use of analgesics for chronic chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN).

Sample & Setting: 142 post-treatment cancer survivors who received neurotoxic chemotherapy and were experiencing moderate to severe CIPN.

Methods & Variables: Participants completed the Treatment-Induced Neuropathy Assessment Scale at baseline and reported all analgesics used to manage CIPN.

Pediatric dentistry, prosthodontics, and oral and maxillofacial surgery residents' stress, career satisfaction, and gender-based discrimination/harassment.

Objectives: Dental residents experience high stress in their demanding programs and gender-based harassment/discrimination can contribute to their stress. The objectives were to compare stress, satisfaction, experienced sexual harassment and observed discrimination of women in dental graduate programs with high, medium, and low percentages of women and to explore relationships between these constructs of interest.

Methods: Note that, 112 pediatric dentistry (PD), 44 prosthodontics, and 56 oral and maxillofacial surgery (OMS) residents responded to a survey.

Should Patients' Boredom in Locked Inpatient Psychiatric Units Be Considered Iatrogenic Harm?

Patients often report experiencing boredom during inpatient psychiatry stays. Because patients' vulnerabilities and conditions can be exacerbated when they feel bored, this article considers ethical dimensions of inpatient units' designs that limit patients' autonomy or access to activities or interactions with others. This commentary on a case also considers whether and how boredom should be considered an iatrogenic harm and influence discharge planning.

Centering Justice in Health Professions Education by Owning Limitations of Anti-Bias Checklists.

This article argues that, although efforts to integrate checklists for assessing bias in educational content represent a sincere effort to address or mitigate harm, such efforts will likely have limited (if any) impact on curricular reform or the actual lived experiences of minoritized students. This is because checklists are not designed for justice-oriented assessment and thus will not create the kind of change needed to transform health professions, especially medical education. What is needed is more attention to the ways whiteness is used to organize health professions education and a deep commitment to faculty development focused on raising educators' critical consciousness.

How Might Patients and Physicians Use Transparent Health Care Prices to Guide Decisions and Improve Health Care Affordability?

Many Americans face high cost-sharing demands from their health insurers. While there is hope that prices for health services are becoming more and more transparent, even increased availability of price information will not always translate into optimal, equitable health and financial outcomes for patients. This commentary on a case argues why transparent pricing is an ethical imperative and identifies steps that health sector stakeholders should take to help patients and clinicians use pricing information to inform health decision making.

Promoting Antiracist Mental Health Crisis Responses.

Clinicians cannot always directly or effectively engage patients experiencing mental health crises. This article considers the common practice of relying upon law enforcement personnel to facilitate mental health checks and considers its implications for Black patients. An antiracist approach to decriminalizing acute exacerbations of mental illness requires clinicians' engagement in educating, training, and policymaking.

Exploring Daily Salivary Cortisol Patterns as Biomarkers of Chronic Chemotherapy-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy Pain.

Objectives: Little is known about the biologic mechanisms of chronic chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) pain. The purpose of this secondary analysis was to explore salivary cortisol patterns among cancer survivors with chronic CIPN pain to provide preliminary data regarding the role of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis dysregulation in the pathophysiology of this condition.

Sample & Setting: 13 cancer survivors with chronic CIPN pain recruited from the breast, gastrointestinal, and gynecologic cancer centers at Dana-Farber Cancer Institute in Boston, Massachusetts.

An immune correlate of SARS-CoV-2 infection and severity of reinfections.

Background: An immune correlate of protection from SARS-CoV-2 infection is urgently needed.

Methods: We used an ongoing household cohort with an embedded transmission study that closely monitors participants regardless of symptom status. Real-time reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) were used to measure infections and seropositivity.

Telemedicine in paediatric emergency care: A systematic review.

Introduction: The impact of telemedicine on the access and quality of paediatric emergency care remains largely unexplored because most studies to date are focused on adult emergency care. We performed a systematic review of the literature to determine if telemedicine is effective in improving quality of paediatric emergency care with regards to access, process measures of care, appropriate disposition, patient-centred outcomes and cost-related outcomes.

Methods: We developed a systematic review protocol in accordance with PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review) guidelines.

Historical Trauma and Descendants' Well-Being.

Because multiple Asian American and Pacific Islander (AAPI) communities in the United States have experienced historical trauma (HT), it is important to understand HT's impact on the well-being of members of subsequent generations. This article addresses intergenerational trauma transmission, focusing primarily on Japanese American and Southeast Asian American communities. Research on these groups illuminates strategies for future empirical investigations of intergenerational trauma in other AAPI populations and suggests implications for care.

Making Merit Just in Medical School Admissions.

Medical school education must better align with patient care needs for a rapidly changing population. One challenge is to eliminate bias in merit-based admissions to more equitably review candidates with the structural competency skills desperately needed to promote public health and health equity. Aligning merit-based admissions approaches with holistic admissions approaches and equitable candidate evaluation will simultaneously support learners and improve patient care.

Cautions About Medicalized Dehumanization.

Critical lessons can be gleaned by examining 2 of the most salient relationships between racism and medicine during the Holocaust: (1) connections between racism and dehumanization that have immediate, lethal, deleterious, longer-term consequences and (2) intersections of racism and other forms of hatred and bigotry, including discrimination against people with disabilities; lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer people; and social and religious minorities. When considered in the US context, these lessons amplify need for reflection about the history of eugenics and human experimentation and about the persistence of racism and ableism in health care.

THE DEPRESSION INVENTORY DEVELOPMENT SCALE: Assessment of Psychometric Properties Using Classical and Modern Measurement Theory in a CAN-BIND Trial.

The goal of the Depression Inventory Development (DID) project is to develop a comprehensive and psychometrically sound rating scale for major depressive disorder (MDD) that reflects current diagnostic criteria and conceptualizations of depression. We report here the evaluation of the current DID item bank using Classical Test Theory (CTT), Item Response Theory (IRT) and Rasch Measurement Theory (RMT). The present study was part of a larger multisite, open-label study conducted by the Canadian Biomarker Integration Network in Depression (ClinicalTrials.

One size does not fit all: Nutrition strategies for people with diabetes.

Several nutrition strategies and eating patterns can help support self-management among persons with diabetes. This article details the effectiveness of popular eating patterns and nutrition strategies, as well as the role of nurses in facilitating informed patient choices and decisions.

Using Democratic Deliberation to Engage Veterans in Complex Policy Making for the Veterans Health Administration.

A democratic deliberation panel of veterans providing insight into veteran perspectives on resource allocation and the Veterans Choice Act showed the importance and feasibility of engaging veterans in the policy-making process.

What Clinical Ethics Can Learn From Decision Science.

Many components of decision science are relevant to clinical ethics practice. Decision science encourages thoughtful definition of options, clarification of information needs, and acknowledgement of the heterogeneity of people's experiences and underlying values. Attention to decision-making processes reminds participants in consultations that how decisions are made and how information is provided can change a choice.

Which Ethical Considerations Should Inform Hospice Decisions About Caring for Patients With Obesity?

Hospice and palliative care clinicians have the potential to advocate for high-quality medical care for patients with obesity. This article explores current evidence on obesity at the end of life and ethical questions that emerge when a decision is made to enroll a patient with obesity in hospice.