Six-Month Outcomes in the Long-Term Outcomes After the Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children Study.

Importance: Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) is a life-threatening complication of COVID-19 infection. Data on midterm outcomes are limited.

Objective: To characterize the frequency and time course of cardiac dysfunction (left ventricular ejection fraction [LVEF] <55%), coronary artery aneurysms (z score ≥2.

Adjunctive Diagnostic Studies Completed Following Detection of Candidemia in Children: Secondary Analysis of Observed Practice From a Multicenter Cohort Study Conducted by the Pediatric Fungal Network.

Background: Adjunctive diagnostic studies (aDS) are recommended to identify occult dissemination in patients with candidemia. Patterns of evaluation with aDS across pediatric settings are unknown.

Methods: Candidemia episodes were included in a secondary analysis of a multicenter comparative effectiveness study that prospectively enrolled participants age 120 days to 17 years with invasive candidiasis (predominantly candidemia) from 2014 to 2017.

Visitor Guidelines in US Children's Hospitals During COVID-19.

Objectives: To examine visitor guidelines among children's hospitals in the United States in response to the coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic.

Methods: A retrospective assessment of visitor guidelines in 239 children's hospitals in the United States.

Results: In this study, we present an analysis of 239 children's hospital visitor guidelines posted to hospitals' Web sites during 1 week in June 2020.

A Cognitive Aid for Neonatal Epinephrine Dosing.

Objectives: Errors are common when preparing epinephrine for neonatal resuscitation. Epinephrine is available in two concentrations (1 mg/mL and 1 mg/10 mL) and requires weight-based calculations, which increases the risk of dosing errors. We developed a printed cognitive aid to assist with dose preparation.

Socioeconomic Status and Long-term Outcomes in Single Ventricle Heart Disease.

Background: Low socioeconomic status (SES) has emerged as an important risk factor for higher short-term mortality and neurodevelopmental outcomes in children with hypoplastic left heart syndrome and related anomalies; yet little is known about how SES affects these outcomes over the long-term.

Methods: We linked data from the Single Ventricle Reconstruction trial to US Census Bureau data to analyze the relationship of neighborhood SES tertiles with mortality and transplantation, neurodevelopment, quality of life, and functional status at 5 and 6 years post-Norwood procedure ( = 525). Cox proportional hazards regression and linear regression were used to assess the association of SES with mortality and neurodevelopmental outcomes, respectively.

Room Air for Initiating Term Newborn Resuscitation: A Systematic Review With Meta-analysis.

Unlabelled: : media-1vid110.1542/5839981898001PEDS-VA_2018-1825 CONTEXT: The International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation prioritized to rigorously review the initial fraction of inspired oxygen (Fio) during resuscitation of newborns.

Objective: This systematic review and meta-analysis provides the scientific summary of initial Fio in term and late preterm newborns (≥35 weeks' gestation) who receive respiratory support at birth.

The impact of effective paediatric adherence promotion interventions: systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Understanding the impact of effective paediatric adherence promotion interventions on patients, families and the healthcare system is necessary to inform efforts to improve healthcare quality and control costs. Building on previous research suggesting that improving adherence may have far-reaching benefits, the objective of this study was to quantify the impact of effective adherence promotion interventions for children and adolescents with a chronic medical condition on patients, families and the healthcare system.

Methods: Authors systematically reviewed articles indexed in PubMed, PsycINFO and CINAHL to identify randomized controlled trials of paediatric adherence promotion interventions.

Practice-Based Approach to Assessing and Treating Non-Adherence in Pediatric Regimens.

With advances in medical care, youth with chronic illness have the potential for higher quality of life; however, these treatments often come with cost (i.e., burden, financial) that can result in non-adherence.