The 3-Year Course of Multiple Substance Use Disorders in the United States: A National Longitudinal Study.

Objective: To examine the 3-year course of multiple co-occurring substance use disorders (SUDs) based on longitudinal survey data from a large, nationally representative sample.

Methods: National estimates of the prevalence of DSM-IV SUDs were derived by analyzing data from structured, face-to-face diagnostic interviews as part of the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions (NESARC), which collected data from a large, nationally representative sample of noninstitutionalized US adults at 2 waves (2001-2002 and 2004-2005; N = 34,653).

Results: US adults with multiple past-year SUDs at Wave 1 were substantially more likely than those with an individual past-year SUD or no SUD at Wave 1 to report at least 1 past-year SUD at Wave 2 (66.

Substance Use as a Risk Factor for Sleep Problems Among Adolescents Presenting to the Emergency Department.

Objectives: To determine correlates of sleep problems among adolescents. Specifically, to assess the relative strength of associations between sleep problems and dating victimization, reasons for emergency department (ED) visit, depression, unhealthy alcohol use, and other drug use (marijuana, nonmedical use of prescription opioids, stimulants, and tranquilizers).

Methods: A total of 1852 adolescents aged 14 to 20 years presenting for care to the University of Michigan Emergency Department, Ann Arbor, Michigan, during 2011-2012, self-administered a computerized health survey.

Selective nonresponse bias in population-based survey estimates of drug use behaviors in the United States.

Purpose: There is a trend of decreasing response rates in population surveys, and selective nonresponse represents a major source of potential bias in population-based survey estimates of drug use behaviors, especially estimates based on longitudinal designs.

Methods: This study compared baseline substance use behaviors among initial respondents who did respond (n = 34,653) and did not respond (n = 8440) to a 3-year follow-up interview in a prospective study of the general U.S.

Complex Mental Health Sequelae of Psychological Trauma Among Women in Prenatal Care.

Pregnancy is a critical time to identify and address maternal mental health problems, for the health of both mother and child. Pregnant women with histories of exposure to interpersonal psychological trauma may experience a range of mental health problems including but not limited to posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). In a community sample of 1,581 pregnant women, 25% reported symptoms consistent with at least one of six syndromes, including PTSD, major depressive disorder (MDD), generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), or clinically significant dissociation, somatization, or affect dysregulation.

Distal and proximal factors associated with aggression towards partners and non-partners among patients in substance abuse treatment.

Studies of violence in substance use disorder (SUD) treatment settings typically focus on partner aggression (PA) although non-partner aggression (NPA) is also a common problem. This study examines potentially distinct paths of distal and proximal risk factors related to aggression towards non-partners (NPA) and partners (PA) among a SUD treatment sample. The sample included 176 adults reporting past-year violence.

Event-level analysis of antecedents for youth violence: comparison of dating violence with non-dating violence.

Background: Dating violence (DV) has emerged as a major concern among youth with links to substance use, injuries, and death. The emergency department (ED) provides an opportunity for violence screening and prevention interventions. Additional data are needed regarding antecedents of DV versus non-dating violence (NDV; e.

Prevalence, trauma history, and risk for posttraumatic stress disorder among nulliparous women in maternity care.

Objective: To estimate prevalence and assess the association of types of trauma with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in a sociodemographically and racially mixed sample of women from both predominantly Medicaid and privately insured settings who are expecting their first infant.

Methods: Structured telephone diagnostic interview data were analyzed for prevalence of trauma exposure, PTSD, comorbidity, risk behaviors, and treatment-seeking among 1,581 diverse English-speaking nulliparous women.

Results: The overall rate of lifetime PTSD was 20.

Mental health, demographic, and risk behavior profiles of pregnant survivors of childhood and adult abuse.

Our objective was to address the gap in knowledge about the extent to which perinatal mental health and risk behaviors are associated with childhood and adult experiences of abuse that arises because of barriers to screening and disclosure about past and current abuse. Survey data from an ongoing study of the effects of posttraumatic stress on childbearing were used to describe four groups of nulliparous women: those with no abuse history, adult abuse only, childhood abuse only, and abuse that occurred during both periods. The rates of abuse history disclosure were higher in the research context than in the clinical settings.

Reliability of a perinatal outcomes measure: the Optimality Index-US.

The Optimality Index-US, a recently developed perinatal clinimetric index, has been validated with both clinical and research databases. Documentation of the reliability of the instrument for medical record abstraction is needed. This paper reports outcomes of interrater reliability assessments conducted for two projects.

PTSD and physical comorbidity among women receiving Medicaid: results from service-use data.

Patterns of physical comorbidity among women with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) were explored using Michigan Medicaid claims data. PTSD-diagnosed women (n = 2,133) were compared with 14,948 randomly selected women in three health outcome areas: ICD-9 categories of disease, chronic conditions associated with sexual assault history in previous research, and reproductive health conditions. PTSD was associated with increased risk of all categories of diseases (OR range = 1.