Developing a National Trauma Research Action Plan: Results from the Pediatric Research Gap Delphi Survey.

Background: In 2016, the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine trauma report recommended a National Trauma Research Action Plan to "strengthen trauma research and ensure that the resources available for this research are commensurate with the importance of injury and the potential for improvement in patient outcomes." With a contract from the Department of Defense, the Coalition for National Trauma Research created 11 expert panels to address this recommendation, with the goal of developing a comprehensive research agenda, spanning the continuum of trauma and burn care. This report outlines the work of the group focused on pediatric trauma.

Substance use and mental health predictors of patterns of non-partner youth violence among high-risk urban youth.

Objective: This study examined the association between baseline substance use and mental health, and non-partner violence trajectories among youth presenting to an urban emergency department who screened positive for drug use. Non-partner violence is physically violent victimization or aggression involving someone other than a dating partner.

Methods: Group-based trajectory modeling was used to identify longitudinal trajectories of non-partner violence in N = 599 youth (14-24 years old) at baseline, 6, 12, 18 and 24 month follow-ups.

Influence of Postconcussion Sleep Duration on Concussion Recovery in Collegiate Athletes.

Objective: To determine whether decreased sleep duration postconcussion influences days to asymptomatic and assessment of performance throughout recovery.

Design: Prospective.

Setting: Institutional Clinical Research Laboratory.

Multivariate Base Rates of Low Scores and Reliable Decline on ImPACT in Healthy Collegiate Athletes Using CARE Consortium Norms.

Objectives: To describe multivariate base rates (MBRs) of low scores and reliable change (decline) scores on Immediate Post-Concussion Assessment and Cognitive Testing (ImPACT) in college athletes at baseline, as well as to assess MBR differences among demographic and medical history subpopulations.

Methods: Data were reported on 15,909 participants (46.5% female) from the NCAA/DoD CARE Consortium.

Estimated Age of First Exposure to American Football and Neurocognitive Performance Amongst NCAA Male Student-Athletes: A Cohort Study.

Background: Repetitive head impacts in young athletes are potentially detrimental to later life (e.g., age 50 + years) neurological function; however, it is unknown what the short-term effects (e.

Recent Advances in Pediatric Concussion and Mild Traumatic Brain Injury.

Concussions after a head injury among children continues to be a substantial public health concern. An increasing number of concussions are being managed initially by primary care physicians. The diagnosis of concussion remains a clinical diagnosis despite the availability of ancillary tests such as computerized neuropsychological testing, advanced imaging, and blood biomarkers.

Health-Related Quality of Life Following Concussion in Collegiate Student-Athletes With and Without Concussion History.

The purpose of this study was to compare global and specific health-related quality of life (HRQOL) throughout concussion recovery between those with and without concussion history. Student-athletes diagnosed with concussion completed global (Short Form-12v2; SF-12) and specific (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale: HADS) HRQOL assessments at baseline, 24-48 h, asymptomatic, return-to-play, and 6-months post-injury. Baseline scores were compared to post-injury time points for SF-12 subscores (physical and mental; PCS-12, MCS-12) and HADS subscores (depression and anxiety; HADS-D, HADS-A).

Patient Preference for Pain Medication in the Emergency Department Is Associated with Non-fatal Overdose History.

Introduction: Opioid overdose is a major public health problem. Emergency physicians need information to better assess a patient's risk for overdose or opioid-related harms. The purpose of this study was to determine if patient-reported preference for specific pain medications was associated with a history of lifetime overdose among patients seeking care in the emergency department (ED).

Predictors of positive drinking outcomes among youth receiving an alcohol brief intervention in the emergency department.

Background: Reducing underage drinking is a public health priority given increased risk for injury and other consequences. Emergency department (ED) visits offer a potential "teachable moment" to initiate interventions among youth engaged in risky drinking. Given mixed findings for alcohol brief interventions (BIs), this paper examined baseline markers of BI response in order to inform future interventions.

Psychosocial Correlates of Marijuana Use among Pregnant and Nonpregnant Adolescent Girls.

Study Objective: Pregnant and nonpregnant populations in the United States report marijuana as the most commonly used illicit drug. Patterns of marijuana use and psychosocial correlates are unclear among non-treatment-seeking teenage girls. DESIGN, SETTING, PARTICIPANTS, INTERVENTIONS, AND MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The objective of this study was to use cross-sectional data to examine the psychosocial correlates of recent marijuana use among a sample of 646 pregnant and nonpregnant adolescent girls presenting to urban primary care clinics (mean age = 15.

Influences of Mental Illness, Current Psychological State, and Concussion History on Baseline Concussion Assessment Performance.

Background: A student-athlete's mental state, including history of trait anxiety and depression, or current psychological state may affect baseline concussion assessment performance.

Purpose: (1) To determine if mental illness (anxiety, depression, anxiety with depression) influences baseline scores, (2) to determine if psychological state correlates with baseline performance, and (3) to determine if history of concussion affects Brief Symptom Inventory-18 (BSI-18) subscores of state anxiety, depression, and somatization.

Study Design: Cross-sectional study; Level of evidence, 3.

Feasibility and Acceptability of Text Messaging to Assess Daily Substance Use and Sexual Behaviors among Urban Emerging Adults.

Background: Daily process research can help distinguish causal relationships between substance use and sexual risk behaviors in high-risk groups, such as urban emerging adults. We employed text messaging to assess 18-25 year-olds' daily substance use and sexual risk behaviors over 28 days. We describe the implementation of this method, attitudes regarding the daily surveys, and correlates of survey completion.

Correction to: Test-Retest Reliability and Interpretation of Common Concussion Assessment Tools: Findings from the NCAA-DoD CARE Consortium.

The article Test-Retest Reliability and Interpretation of Common Concussion Assessment Tools.

Age at First Concussion Influences the Number of Subsequent Concussions.

Background: Individuals who sustain their first concussion during childhood may be at greater risk of sustaining multiple concussions throughout their lifetime because of a longer window of vulnerability. This article aims to estimate the association between age at first concussion and number of subsequent concussions.

Patients And Methods: A total of 23,582 collegiate athletes from 26 universities and military cadets from three military academies completed a concussion history questionnaire (65% males, age 19.

Patterns of Partner and Nonpartner Violence Among High-Risk Youth.

Purpose: Perpetration of violent behavior begins to increase in adolescence and peaks in young adulthood (e.g., age 18-29) before decreasing by the early 30s.

Baseline Performance of NCAA Athletes on a Concussion Assessment Battery: A Report from the CARE Consortium.

Background: Sport-related concussion and repetitive head impact exposure in contact sports continue to receive increased attention in public and medical spheres. The Concussion Assessment, Research and Education (CARE) Consortium, a multicenter cooperative, was established to study the natural history of concussion in National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) collegiate student-athletes across 29 colleges and universities in the United States. The purpose of this investigation is to provide normative data from the CARE Consortium and evaluate for differences between sport categories.

Sexual Violence Victimization Among Youth Presenting to an Urban Emergency Department: The Role of Violence Exposure in Predicting Risk.

Sexual violence (SV) is a widespread public health problem among adolescents and emerging adults with significant short- and long-term consequences. Young people living in urban, disadvantaged communities with high rates of violence may be especially at risk for SV victimization. Understanding interconnections between different forms of violence is critical to reducing SV risk among youth.

Overdose and adverse drug event experiences among adult patients in the emergency department.

Introduction: Overdose is a leading cause of injury and death in the United States. Emergency Department (ED) patients have an elevated prevalence of substance use. This study describes overdose/adverse drug event experiences among adult ED patients to inform strategies to address overdose risk.

Test-Retest Reliability and Interpretation of Common Concussion Assessment Tools: Findings from the NCAA-DoD CARE Consortium.

Background: Concussion diagnosis is typically made through clinical examination and supported by performance on clinical assessment tools. Performance on commonly implemented and emerging assessment tools is known to vary between administrations, in the absence of concussion.

Objective: To evaluate the test-retest reliability of commonly implemented and emerging concussion assessment tools across a large nationally representative sample of student-athletes.

Prevalence and motives for drugged driving among emerging adults presenting to an emergency department.

Objectives: Drugged driving [DD] is a public health concern, particularly among emerging adults who have the highest rates of drug use. Understanding involvement with DD could inform prevention efforts for this population. We evaluated the prevalence of, motives for, and correlates of past-year DD among emerging adults from an urban, under-resourced community.

Factors associated with alcohol consumption among medical cannabis patients with chronic pain.

Introduction: Chronic pain is the most common reason for medical cannabis certification. Data regarding alcohol use and risky drinking among medical cannabis patients with pain is largely unknown. Therefore, we examined the prevalence and correlates of alcohol use and risky drinking in this population.

Kinematic differences during a jump cut maneuver between individuals with and without a concussion history.

Recent evidence suggests that athletes are at a higher risk of lower-body injuries in the months and years following a concussion. However, little is known about how people modify their movements post-concussion. This study examined kinematics during a jump cut motion in young adults with a concussion history (n=9; 4 males, 5 females; 3.

Violent firearm-related conflicts among high-risk youth: An event-level and daily calendar analysis.

Firearm homicide is the leading cause of violence-related youth mortality. To inform prevention efforts, we analyzed event-level data to identify unique precursors to firearm conflicts. Youth (ages:14-24) seeking Emergency Department (ED) treatment for assault or for other reasons and reporting past 6-month drug use were enrolled in a 2-year longitudinal study.

Daily associations between cannabis motives and consumption in emerging adults.

Background: Increasing rates of cannabis use among emerging adults is a growing public health problem. Intensive longitudinal data can provide information on proximal motives for cannabis use, which can inform interventions to reduce use among emerging adults.

Method: As part of a larger longitudinal study, patients aged 18-25 years (N=95) recruited from an urban Emergency Department completed daily text message assessments of risk behaviors for 28days, including daily cannabis quantity and motives.