Oncogenic IDH1 drives robust loss of histone acetylation and increases chromatin heterogeneity.

Malignant gliomas are heterogeneous tumors, mostly incurable, arising in the central nervous system (CNS) driven by genetic, epigenetic, and metabolic aberrations. Mutations in isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH1/2) enzymes are predominantly found in low-grade gliomas and secondary high-grade gliomas, with IDH1 mutations being more prevalent. Mutant-IDH1/2 confers a gain-of-function activity that favors the conversion of a-ketoglutarate (α-KG) to the oncometabolite 2-hydroxyglutarate (2-HG), resulting in an aberrant hypermethylation phenotype.

How and why funders support engaged research.

Research that better aligns policy, practice, and research communities is gaining momentum around the world. This includes engaged research strategies that bring partners, and their diverse perspectives and kinds of knowledge, together to shape research agendas with on-the-ground-needs and to create dynamic problem-solving processes. These approaches aim to generate more equitable and effective solutions to societal challenges.

The Relationship Between Longest-Held Occupation and Hand Function in Older Adults.

Objective: Hand function, an important component of daily functioning, declines with age, yet the degree to which occupation modifies such declines is largely unknown.Methods: Older adults (≥65) completed an online cross-sectional survey containing a standardized hand function questionnaire, occupation-related questions, and demographic information. Participants were then categorized by their longest-held occupation as Blue Collar or White Collar.

The Impact of Health Insurance on Mortality.

A 2008 review in the considered the question of whether health insurance improves health. The answer was a cautious yes because few studies provided convincing causal evidence. We revisit this question by focusing on a single outcome: mortality.

Dengue severity by serotype and immune status in 19 years of pediatric clinical studies in Nicaragua.

Background: Dengue virus, a major global health threat, consists of four serotypes (DENV1-4) that cause a range of clinical manifestations from mild to severe and potentially fatal disease.

Methods: This study, based on 19 years of data from the Pediatric Dengue Cohort Study and Pediatric Dengue Hospital-based Study in Managua, Nicaragua, investigates the relationship of serotype and immune status with dengue severity. Dengue cases were confirmed by molecular, serological, and/or virological methods, and study participants 6 months to 17 years old were followed during their hospital stay or as ambulatory patients.

Epcoritamab plus GemOx in transplant-ineligible relapsed/refractory DLBCL: results from the EPCORE NHL-2 trial.

Patients with relapsed or refractory (R/R) diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) have poor outcomes. Gemcitabine + oxaliplatin (GemOx) with rituximab, a standard salvage therapy, yields complete response (CR) rates of approximately 30% and median overall survival (OS) of 10-13 months. Patients with refractory disease fare worse, with a CR rate of 7% for subsequent therapies and median OS of 6 months.

Things Latinas need to plan for safety: A dual-site concept mapping study.

Background: Latina women in the United States experience intimate partner violence (IPV) at high rates, but evidence suggests Latinas seek help for IPV at lower rates than other communities. Safety planning is an approach that provides those experiencing IPV with concrete actions to increase their safety and referrals to formal services. While safety planning is shown to reduce future incidences of violence, little is known about the safety planning priorities of Latinas.

Nonabstinence among US Adults in Recovery from an Alcohol or Other Drug Problem.

Objectives: Most US treatment and recovery services are abstinence-based. However, many people in recovery from an alcohol or other drug (AOD) use problem do not abstain completely. This study estimated the prevalence of and characteristics associated with nonabstinence among US adults in recovery.

Satisfaction, user experiences, and initial efficacy of a technology-supported self-management intervention (iSMART) to improve post-stroke functioning: a remoted randomized controlled trial.

Background: Self-management interventions empower individuals to manage their chronic conditions and daily life after stroke. However, traditional in-person self-management interventions often face transportation and geographical barriers. Digital interventions may offer a solution to address this gap.

TDP43 autoregulation gives rise to dominant negative isoforms that are tightly controlled by transcriptional and post-translational mechanisms.

The nuclear RNA-binding protein TDP43 is integrally involved in the pathogenesis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD). Previous studies uncovered N-terminal TDP43 isoforms that are predominantly cytosolic in localization, prone to aggregation, and enriched in susceptible spinal motor neurons. In healthy cells, however, these shortened (s)TDP43 isoforms are difficult to detect in comparison to full-length (fl)TDP43, raising questions regarding their origin and selective regulation.

Medicaid Unwinding Experiences in Dual-Eligible Older Adults.

Importance: Dual-eligible older adults rely on Medicaid to pay for Medicare premiums and cost sharing in addition to supplemental services including dental and long-term care. However, the unique experiences of dual-eligible older adults with Medicaid unwinding remain unknown.

Objective: To assess the awareness and experiences of dual-eligible older adults with Medicaid redetermination.

Implementation of Stochastic Gradient Descent in an Automated Glow Peak Identification Software for Multiple Thermoluminescent Dosimeter Types.

A glow-curve analysis code was previously developed in C++ to analyze thermoluminescent dosimeter glow curves using automated peak detection while a first-order kinetics model. A newer version of this code was implemented to improve the automated peak detection and curve fitting models. The Stochastic Gradient Descent Algorithm was introduced to replace the prior approach of taking first and second-order derivatives for peak detection.

Sox10 is required for systemic initiation of bone mineralization.

Heterozygous variants in SOX10 cause congenital syndromes affecting pigmentation, digestion, hearing, and neural development, primarily attributable to failed differentiation or loss of non-skeletal neural crest derivatives. We report here an additional novel requirement for Sox10 in bone mineralization. Neither crest- nor mesoderm-derived bones initiate mineralization on time in zebrafish sox10 mutants, despite normal osteoblast differentiation and matrix production.

Social Connections, Leukocyte Telomere Length, and All-Cause Mortality in Older Adults From Costa Rica: The Costa Rican Longevity and Healthy Aging Study (CRELES).

Objectives: To examine the association of social connections with blood leukocyte telomere length (LTL) and all-cause mortality in older Costa Ricans.

Methods: Utilizing data from the Costa Rican Longevity and Healthy Aging Study (CRELES), a prospective cohort of 2827 individuals aged 60 and above followed since 2004, we constructed a Social Network Index (SNI) based on marital status, household size, interaction with non-cohabitating adult children, and church attendance. We used linear regression to assess SNI's association with baseline LTL ( = 1113), and Cox proportional-hazard models to examine SNI's relationship with all-cause mortality ( = 2735).

Temperature-Dependent Structural Evolution of Ruddlesden-Popper Bilayer Nickelate LaNiO.

A recent article ( 2024, 146, 7506-7514) details a pressure-temperature (-) phase diagram for the Ruddlesden-Popper bilayer nickelate LaNiO (LNO-2222) using synchrotron X-ray diffraction. This study identifies a phase transition from (#63) to (#69) within the temperature range of 104-120 K under initial pressure and attributes the 4/ (#139) space group to the structure responsible for the superconductivity of LNO-2222. Herein, we examine the temperature-dependent structural evolution of LNO-2222 single crystals at ambient pressure.

Siblings With Berardinelli-Seip Congenital Lipodystrophy: Clinical Insights and Challenges.

Berardinelli-Seip congenital lipodystrophy (BSCL), also known as congenital generalized lipodystrophy (CGL), is an exceptionally rare autosomal recessive disorder marked by a significant deficiency of adipose tissue throughout the body. This lack of adipose tissue, normally found beneath the skin and between internal organs, leads to impaired adipocyte formation and fat storage, causing lipids to accumulate in atypical tissues such as muscles and the liver. The extent of adipose tissue loss directly influences the severity of symptoms, which can include a muscular appearance, increased appetite, bone cysts, marrow fat depletion, acromegalic features, severe insulin resistance, skeletal muscle hypertrophy, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, hepatic steatosis, hepatomegaly, cirrhosis, and intellectual disability.

Azithromycin-loaded PLGA microspheres coated with silk fibroin ameliorate inflammation and promote periodontal tissue regeneration.

Periodontitis, a widespread inflammatory disease, is the major cause of tooth loss in adults. While mechanical periodontal therapy benefits the periodontal disease treatment, adjunctive periodontal therapy is also necessary. Topically applied anti-inflammatory agents have gained considerable attention in periodontitis therapy.

Verbal Memory is Higher After Aerobic Exercise When Compared to Muscle Stretching.

Acute exercise is linked to memory improvement. Several mediators may influence the effect of exercise such as the type of exercise (aerobic exercise, muscle stretching). The primary aim was to analyze memory outcomes after a 20-min bout of aerobic exercise or muscle stretching.

Vocational Skill Fluency Through Frequency Building.

Employment offers many important benefits yet the majority of adults with disabilities are not represented in the workforce suggesting more research is needed on evidence-based vocational training for adults with disabilities (U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, 2024).

Perceptions of Machine Learning among Therapists Practicing Applied Behavior Analysis: A National Survey.

Unlabelled: Collecting data and logging behaviors of clients who have autism spectrum disorder (ASD) during applied behavior analysis (ABA) therapy sessions can be challenging in real time, especially when the behaviors require a rapid response, like self-injury or aggression. Little information is available about the automation of data collection in ABA therapy, such as through machine learning (ML). Our survey of ABA therapists nationally revealed mixed levels of familiarity with ML and generally neutral responses to statements endorsing the benefits of ML.

Apocrine Breast Cancer With Psammoma Bodies in a Male Patient.

Introduction: While male breast carcinoma is a relatively uncommon occurrence, its incidence is on the rise, potentially attributed to sporadic pathophysiological mechanisms, primarily involving hormonal imbalances. Invasive apocrine carcinoma represents a small fraction of global breast malignancies, with limited instances reported among male patients in the literature. The clinical presentation of an apocrine breast carcinoma closely resembles that of other breast cancer subtypes, as it is most often described as a solitary ulcerative nodular lesion occupying a retro-areolar region of the breast.

Prosthetic Valve Endocarditis After Y-Incision Aortic Annular Enlargement: A Simple Solution.

The Y-incision aortic annular enlargement (AAE) has been established as a safe and effective technique for upsizing the aortic annulus by 3 to 4 valve sizes. However, concerns have been raised regarding its technical complexity during reoperations, particularly given the extensive enlargement of the aortic annulus and root. We present a case of reoperative aortic valve replacement after previous Y-incision AAE for prosthetic valve endocarditis and aortic root abscess.