Comprehensive Echocardiographic Protocol for Pigs with Emphasis on Diastolic Function: Advantages over MRI Assessment.

Swine are increasingly utilized in cardiovascular research due to their anatomical and physiological similarities to humans, particularly for studying diastolic dysfunction. While MRI offers excellent structural imaging, echocardiography provides superior real-time assessment of diastolic parameters. To address the lack of standardized methods and reduce variability across studies, we present a comprehensive guide for performing echocardiography in Yorkshire pigs, detailing anatomical considerations, equipment requirements, and technical approaches.

Real-World Use of Tapinarof Cream 1% Once Daily in Patients with Seborrheic Dermatitis: A Case Series.

Seborrheic dermatitis (SD) is an inflammatory skin disease with multifactorial etiology, involving genetic and environmental factors. Many conventional therapies for SD (ie, topical antifungals, topical corticosteroids) are associated with incomplete efficacy, frequent and sometimes rapid disease recurrence, and restrictions on duration of therapy and anatomic sites of application. This may be because they cannot target multiple disease processes and/or are limited by safety considerations.

Education Research: Utilization of Simulation in Residency Programs: A Survey of Adult Neurology Residency Program Directors.

Background And Objectives: Previous research has demonstrated that simulation-based medical education (SBME) can improve neurology trainees' confidence, knowledge, and competence. However, a general needs assessment and review of current SBME used within neurology are needed to guide SBME curriculum development. The objective of this study was to describe the current use of SBME in resident education and to assess perceived barriers to expanding SBME interventions.

Impact of chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis on the diagnostic and intraoperative management of papillary thyroid cancer.

Background: Chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis is an autoimmune thyroid disorder and the most common cause of hypothyroidism in women. Many studies suggest that chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis contributes to a diagnostic challenge in thyroid nodules and may increase the risk of developing papillary thyroid cancer. This study examines preoperative clinical factors and tumor characteristics associated with papillary thyroid cancer among patients with chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis.

Plastic Surgery Contributions to the World Wars: Historical Foundations for Modern Craniofacial Techniques.

Introduction: Plastic surgery played a crucial role during the World Wars. Surgeons dedicated their careers to reconstructing facial injuries and residual deformities incurred during combat. Times of unprecedented trauma led to rapid innovation in plastic surgery, with invaluable impact on practice today.

Anti-integrin αvβ6 Autoantibodies are Increased in Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis Patients With Concomitant Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Correlate With Liver Disease Severity.

Background & Aims: Anti-integrin αvβ6 autoantibodies (anti-αvβ6) are found in more than 50% of individuals with ulcerative colitis (UC). We aimed to determine the prevalence of anti-αvβ6 in patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) and their association with liver disease severity.

Methods: Four cohorts of pre-liver transplant patients with PSC were recruited.

ctDNA in the reading room: A guide for radiologists.

Liquid biopsy with sequencing of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) is a minimally invasive method for sampling body fluids and offers a promising alternative to tissue biopsies that involve greater risks, costs, and time. ctDNA not only identifies actionable targets by revealing unique molecular signatures in cancer, but also may assess treatment response, treatment resistance and progression, and recurrence. Imaging correlates of these applications are already being identified and utilized for various solid tumors.

Implementing a global mentoring program: A call to action for mentorship in surgery.

Background: The Gender Equity Initiative in Global Surgery organization launched a mentorship program to address the limited opportunities available in low-and-middle-income countries (LMICs). We aimed to evaluate the utility of the virtual program in bridging this critical gap.

Methods: A retrospective review of program surveys containing quantitative and qualitative questions from 2022 to 2023 was performed.

One immune cell to bind them all: platelet contribution to neurodegenerative disease.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) and related dementias (ADRD) collectively affect a significant portion of the aging population worldwide. The pathological progression of AD involves not only the classical hallmarks of amyloid beta (Aβ) plaque buildup and neurofibrillary tangle development but also the effects of vasculature and chronic inflammatory processes. Recently, platelets have emerged as central players in systemic and neuroinflammation.

INCIDENCE OF STEROID-RELATED OCULAR HYPERTENSION AND CATARACT FORMATION AFTER SUB-TENON TRIAMCINOLONE IN NONUVEITIC PEDIATRIC PATIENTS.

Purpose: To describe intraocular pressure changes after injection of sub-Tenon triamcinolone during examination under anesthesia for pediatric patients.

Methods: Multicenter, retrospective case series of pediatric patients who received sub-Tenon triamcinolone from three tertiary care ophthalmic services between November 2018 and October 2023.

Results: Of 392 patients identified, 59 eyes (10.

Association Between Pruritus and Fibromyalgia: Results of a Population-Based, Cross-Sectional Study.

Fibromyalgia is a common musculoskeletal condition that affects up to 3% of the worldwide population. Its pathogenesis is not entirely clear but is thought to involve neurogenic inflammation as well as aberrations in peripheral nerves and central pain mechanisms. It is believed that the same mechanism that causes hypersensitivity and pain in patients with fibromyalgia also predisposes them to pruritus.

Help or Hinder: Protein Host Factors That Impact HIV-1 Replication.

Interactions between human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) and the host factors or restriction factors of its target cells determine the cell's susceptibility to, and outcome of, infection. Factors intrinsic to the cell are involved at every step of the HIV-1 replication cycle, contributing to productive infection and replication, or severely attenuating the chances of success. Furthermore, factors unique to certain cell types contribute to the differences in infection between these cell types.

Evaluating the Impact of Heat Stress on Placental Function: A Systematic Review.

Ambient heat stress poses a significant threat to public health, with rising temperatures exacerbating the risks associated with pregnancy. This systematic review examined the associations between heat stress exposure and placental function, synthesizing methodologies from the existing literature to inform future research approaches. Analyzing 24 articles, it explores various study designs, temperature exposure parameters, pregnancy windows, and placental outcome variables.

Resveratrol Mitigates Cognitive Impairments and Cholinergic Cell Loss in the Medial Septum in a Mouse Model of Gradual Cerebral Hypoperfusion.

Vascular cognitive impairment and dementia (VCID) is the second leading cause of dementia. There is currently no effective treatment for VCID. Resveratrol (RSV) is considered an antioxidant; however, our group has observed pleiotropic effects in stroke paradigms, suggesting more effects may contribute to mechanistic changes beyond antioxidative properties.

Placental and umbilical cord anomalies detected by ultrasound as clinical risk factors of adverse perinatal outcome: Case series review of selected conditions. Part 1: Placental abnormalities.

Background: The aim of this extended review of multicenter case series is to describe the prenatal ultrasound features and pathogenetic mechanisms underlying placental and umbilical cord anomalies and their relationship with adverse perinatal outcome. From an educational point of view, the case series has been divided in three parts; Part 1 is dedicated to placental abnormalities.

Methods: Multicenter case series of women undergoing routine and extended prenatal ultrasound and perinatal obstetric care.

The impact of energy-based devices on sebum in acne vulgaris: A systematic review.

Background: Acne vulgaris (AV) is a widespread inflammatory skin condition associated with increased sebum production, abnormal keratinization, bacterial overgrowth, and inflammation. Overactive sebaceous glands (SGs) produce excess sebum, promote Cutibacterium acnes growth, and affect acne development. Energy-based treatments (EBDs), including light therapy, photodynamic therapy (PDT), lasers, and radiofrequency (RF) devices, have emerged as effective treatment options.

Psychiatric Manifestations of Neurological Diseases: A Narrative Review.

Neurological diseases often manifest with psychiatric symptoms, profoundly impacting patients' well-being and treatment outcomes. This comprehensive review examines the psychiatric manifestations associated with Alzheimer's disease, frontotemporal dementia (FTD), Parkinson's disease, multiple sclerosis (MS), stroke, epilepsy, Huntington's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), traumatic brain injury (TBI), and multiple system atrophy (MSA). Key psychiatric symptoms include agitation, depression, anxiety, apathy, hallucinations, impulsivity, and aggression across these diseases.

The Immunomodulatory Power of Dupilumab: -Implications for Keloid Scar Treatment.

Keloids are pathologic responses to cutaneous injury. Current treatments, such as topical and intralesional steroids and even surgical excision, have limited efficacy, creating a demand for improved therapies. Our study explores the functioning of dupilumab, an interleukin-4 and inter-leukin-13 signaling pathway inhibitor, in this context.