Reporting of nutritional screening, status and intake in trials of nutritional and physical rehabilitation following critical illness: a systematic review.

Background: Surviving critical illness leads to prolonged physical and functional recovery with both nutritional and physical rehabilitation interventions for prevention and treatment being investigated. Nutritional status and adequacy may influence outcome, but no consensus on which nutritional-related variables should be measured and reported in clinical trials exists.

Objective: To undertake a systematic review investigating the reporting of nutritional screening, nutritional status and nutritional intake/delivery in randomised controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating nutritional and/or physical rehabilitation on physical and functional recovery during and following critical illness.

The effect of anti-pronation and anti-supination taping on neuromuscular control in recreational athletes with Achilles Tendinopathy: A randomized controlled cross-over trial.

Objectives: To investigate the effects of different directions of athletic taping on neuromuscular control of the lower limb in recreational athletes with Achilles tendinopathy (AT).

Design: Crossover Study.

Setting: Functional assessment laboratory.

Development and validation of trigger tools in primary care: A scoping review.

In primary care, trigger tools have been utilized to evaluate and identify patient safety events. The use of trigger tools could help clinicians and patients detect adverse events in a patient's medical record. Due to a lack of research on the process development of trigger tools in primary care, the purpose of this scoping review is to investigate the trigger development and validation process in primary care settings.

Ambient temperature and deaths from homicide in Brazil during 2010-2019: A nationwide space-time-stratified case-crossover study.

Research Question: Previous evidence suggests a positive association between temperature and homicide, but the association was less clear in Brazil where homicide is one of the leading causes of death. This study aimed to quantify the association between ambient daily temperature and homicides in Brazil with potential lag effects and to quantify the temperature attributed fractions of homicides in Brazil.

Methods: A space-time-stratified case-crossover design with distributed lag models was used to evaluate the temperature-homicide association from 1·1·2010 to 31·12·2019 in Brazil.

Neighborhood Topology-Aware Knowledge Graph Learning and Microbial Preference Inferring for Drug-Microbe Association Prediction.

The human microbiota may influence the effectiveness of drug therapy by activating or inactivating the pharmacological properties of drugs. Computational methods have demonstrated their ability to screen reliable microbe-drug associations and uncover the mechanism by which drugs exert their functions. However, the previous prediction methods failed to completely exploit the neighborhood topologies of the microbe and drug entities and the diverse correlations between the microbe-drug entity pair and the other entities.

Delivery determinants of an type VI secretion system bifunctional peptidoglycan hydrolase.

is a Gram-negative opportunistic pathogen and is a common cause of nosocomial infections. The increasing development of antibiotic resistance in this organism is a global health concern. The clinical isolate AB307-0294 produces a type VI secretion system (T6SS) that delivers three antibacterial effector proteins that give this strain a competitive advantage against other bacteria in polymicrobial environments.

Development and Implementation of the Palliative Care Assessment Toolkit for Rural Aged Care Facilities in Australia.

Palliative care (PC) in rural aged care facilities faces significant challenges, including late referrals and insufficient staff training, leading to a risk of suboptimal end-of-life care. The aim of the project was to develop and implement an evidence-based Palliative Care Assessment Toolkit (PCAT) to improve PC in rural aged care facilities and evaluate its impact on care delivery and staff practices. The study employed a mixed-methods design across three phases: codesign of the toolkit, implementation, and evaluation (using pre- and post-data).

Association Between COVID-19 Pandemic Phases and the Risk of Maternal Intensive Care Unit Admission: A Retrospective Analysis of 215,363 Victorian Hospital Admissions.

Background: There are no published Australian population-based data on serious COVID-19-associated maternal morbidity before and after widespread vaccination.

Aims: To compare COVID-19 infection rates, intensive care unit (ICU) admissions, and length of stay in hospitalised pregnant patients before and after achieving 70% state-wide maternal COVID-19 vaccination coverage.

Material And Methods: Population-based retrospective cohort study involving all hospital-admitted episodes for pregnant patients over 15-years-old with COVID-19 in Victoria from 1 March 2020 to 31 March 2022.

Mortality in ischaemic stroke patients without standard modifiable risk factors: An analysis of the Riksstroke registry.

Introduction: Little is known of the long-term prognosis of patients with acute ischaemic stroke in the absence of standard modifiable stroke risk factors (SMoRFs). In acute coronary syndromes, patients without modifiable risk factors have a higher mortality rate. We analysed data from the Swedish Stroke Register to determine survival of patients without SMoRFs following an ischaemic stroke.

User-centred design of a patient portal for persons living with home mechanical ventilation and long-term tracheostomy: a mixed methods study.

Patient portals are secure online platforms that offer patients access to various functions such as personal health information. While patient portals are being increasingly offered by health services, there are limited data on their use for persons living with home mechanical ventilation (HMV) and/or long-term tracheostomy. This study, conducted at an Australian hospital's home mechanical ventilation and long-term tracheostomy services, aimed to explore the perspectives and attitudes of patients and carers regarding the introduction of a patient portal.

The investigation of early metabolic level perturbation of northern quahog () in response to brevetoxin.

Brevetoxins are a type of neurotoxin produced in red tide blooms. Northern quahogs () are extensively used in commercial aquaculture farming, and early-stage metabolomics studies can provide early warnings of brevetoxins for farmers. In this study, NMR-based metabolomics was performed to investigate the response of clam gills and digestive glands under a series of sublethal doses of brevetoxins.

Tenecteplase Thrombolysis for Stroke up to 24 Hours After Onset With Perfusion Imaging Selection: The CHABLIS-T II Randomized Clinical Trial.

Background: Whether it is effective and safe to extend the time window of intravenous thrombolysis up to 24 hours after the last known well is unknown. We aimed to determine the efficacy and safety of tenecteplase in Chinese patients with acute ischemic stroke due to large/medium vessel occlusion within an extended time window.

Methods: Patients with ischemic stroke presenting 4.

Sex-Based Differences in Endovascular Thrombectomy Outcomes for Large Ischemic Stroke: A SELECT2 Subanalysis.

Background: Several social and biological factors are shown to differentially affect stroke outcomes between men and women. We evaluated whether clinical outcomes and endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) treatment effects differed between the sexes in patients presenting with large ischemic stroke.

Methods: The SELECT2 trial (A Randomized Controlled Trial to Optimize Patient's Selection for Endovascular Treatment in Acute Ischemic Stroke) was a randomized controlled trial assessing the efficacy and safety of EVT in patients with large strokes across the United States, Canada, Europe, Australia, and New Zealand between October 2019 and September 2022.

Potential Impact of Rapid Molecular Microbiologic Diagnosis for Mechanically Ventilated Children in Intensive Care With Suspected Pneumonia.

Background: Lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs) remain a leading cause of community-acquired and nosocomial infection in children and a common indication for antimicrobial use and intensive care admission. Determining the causative pathogen for LRTIs is difficult and traditional culture-based methods are labor- and time-intensive. Emerging molecular diagnostic tools may identify pathogens and detect antimicrobial resistance more quickly, to enable earlier targeted antimicrobial therapy.

Impact of the XVII Pacific Games on the National Referral Hospital Emergency Department, Solomon Islands.

Background: The XVII Pacific Games was held in Honiara, Solomon Islands in 2023 and was attended by competitors from 24 Pacific nations. The National Referral Hospital (NRH) is the sole tertiary hospital and largest emergency department (ED) in the Solomon Islands, located in the capital city, Honiara, and was the designated referral hospital for the Pacific Games.

Objective: This report documents the lessons learnt from supporting a large international sporting event within a resource-limited health setting, and may help other EDs prepare for similar planned mass gatherings.

HPClas: A data-driven approach for identifying halophilic proteins based on catBoost.

Halophilic proteins possess unique structural properties and show high stability under extreme conditions. This distinct characteristic makes them invaluable for application in various aspects such as bioenergy, pharmaceuticals, environmental clean-up, and energy production. Generally, halophilic proteins are discovered and characterized through labor-intensive and time-consuming wet lab experiments.

Industry perspectives on the implementation of social support for young adults with disability in community gyms: a qualitative study.

Purpose: Social support is a known facilitator of exercise for people with disability. A qualitative approach was used to understand current social support practices in community gyms for young adults with disability.

Methods: Embedded within a larger project "Getting Young adult Moving - Supporting Participation and Access to Recreation Centres" (GYM-SPARC), semi-structured interviews were completed with 25 gym staff, representing 29 community gym facilities across Victoria, Australia.

Phenotyping atherosclerotic plaque and perivascular adipose tissue: signalling pathways and clinical biomarkers in atherosclerosis.

Computed tomography coronary angiography provides a non-invasive evaluation of coronary artery disease that includes phenotyping of atherosclerotic plaques and the surrounding perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT). Image analysis techniques have been developed to quantify atherosclerotic plaque burden and morphology as well as the associated PVAT attenuation, and emerging radiomic approaches can add further contextual information. PVAT attenuation might provide a novel measure of vascular health that could be indicative of the pathogenetic processes implicated in atherosclerosis such as inflammation, fibrosis or increased vascularity.