RP-HPLC-Based Flavonoid Profiling Accompanied with Multivariate Analysis: An Efficient Approach for Quality Assessment of Thunb Leaves and Their Commercial Products.

Chemical profiling for quality monitoring and evaluation of medicinal plants is gaining attention. This study aims to develop an HPLC method followed by multivariate analysis to obtain HPLC profiles of five specific flavonoids, including rutin (1), hyperin (2), isoquercitrin (3), quercitrin (4), and quercetin (5) from leaves and powder products and assess the quality of samples. Eventually, we successfully established HPLC-based flavonoid profiles and quantified the contents of 32 fresh leave samples and four powder products.

Movement disorders in Indochina: Resource challenges and future solutions.

Movement disorders are a major cause of disability worldwide and their increasing prevalence predicts a substantial future burden of care. Impactful patient care requires availability of, and accessibility to, effective medications, knowledge, and disease awareness among both medical professionals and patients, driven by skilled personnel to harness and manage resources. The highest burden of movement disorders is in low-to-middle income countries where resources are often limited and infrastructure is insufficient to meet growing demands.

The High Re-Ulceration Rate in Lower Extremity Amputation Intervention in Type 2 Diabetic Vietnamese Patients After 24-Month Follow-Up at Cho Ray Hospital, Vietnam.

Diabetic foot ulcers (DFU) are a prevalent and severe disease with vascular and/or neurological complications, and if not diagnosed and treated promptly, it may rapidly deteriorate. Despite amputation or nonamputation treatment, there is still a high rate of re-ulceration. Previous studies have shown that the recurrence rate varies from 43% to 59% after 2 years.

Utilization Trends and Predictors of Non-invasive and Invasive Ventilation During Hospitalization Due to Community-Acquired Pneumonia.

Background: Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Non-invasive ventilation (NIV) and invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) are most important interventions for patients with severe CAP associated with respiratory failure. We analysed utilization trends and predictors of non-invasive and invasive ventilation in patients hospitalized with CAP.

Recommendations for the adjuvant use of the poly-antibiotic-resistant probiotic (O/C, SIN, N/R, T) in acute, chronic, and antibiotic-associated diarrhea in children: consensus from Asian experts.

This paper proposes recommendations for probiotics in pediatric gastrointestinal diseases in the Asia-Pacific region. Evidence-based recommendations and randomized controlled trials in the region are included. Cultural aspects, health management issues and economic factors were also considered.

Blood exchange transfusion in viral hepatitis in a small infant: a case report.

We report a case of blood exchange transfusion to treat acute liver failure following hepatitis B infection at the Infectious Disease Department of Children's Hospital No.2 in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. A 3.

Summer schools of adult and paediatric respiratory medicine: course report.

http://bit.ly/38VPAc5.

5-HT receptor-mediated PKCδ phosphorylation is critical for serotonergic impairments induced by p-chloroamphetamine in mice.

p-Chloroamphetamine (PCA), an amphetamine derivative, has been shown to induce serotonergic toxicity. However, the precise mechanism of serotonergic toxicity induced by PCA remains unclear. In this study, PCA treatment (20 mg/kg, i.

Predicted temperature-increase-induced global health burden and its regional variability.

An increase in the global health burden of temperature was projected for 459 locations in 28 countries worldwide under four representative concentration pathway scenarios until 2099. We determined that the amount of temperature increase for each 100 ppm increase in global CO concentrations is nearly constant, regardless of climate scenarios. The overall average temperature increase during 2010-2099 is largest in Canada (1.

Underutilization of epilepsy surgery in ASEAN countries.

Purpose: This survey was performed to determine the availability of epilepsy surgery, and understand the limiting factors to epilepsy surgery in ASEAN countries with total of 640 million population.

Method: A cross-sectional survey was completed by national representatives in all ASEAN countries (Brunei, Cambodia, East Timor, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, and Vietnam).

Results: Overall facilities for initial epilepsy pre-surgical evaluation are available in most countries, but further non-invasive and invasive investigations are limited.

How urban characteristics affect vulnerability to heat and cold: a multi-country analysis.

Background: The health burden associated with temperature is expected to increase due to a warming climate. Populations living in cities are likely to be particularly at risk, but the role of urban characteristics in modifying the direct effects of temperature on health is still unclear. In this contribution, we used a multi-country dataset to study effect modification of temperature-mortality relationships by a range of city-specific indicators.

Rapid onset of multiple concurrent squamous cell carcinomas associated with the use of an arsenic-containing traditional medicine for chronic plaque psoriasis.

We report a case of a 46-year-old Vietnamese man who developed widespread, numerous and concurrent cutaneous squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs) in non-sun exposed skin areas after taking a traditional medicine (TM) formulation for chronic plaque psoriasis. The SCC lesions began to develop within 12-15 months after beginning the arsenic-containing TM. The patient experienced both acute and chronic symptoms consistent with arsenic exposure.

Skin dendritic cell and T cell activation associated with dengue shock syndrome.

The pathogenesis of severe dengue remains unclear, particularly the mechanisms underlying the plasma leakage that results in hypovolaemic shock in a small proportion of individuals. Maximal leakage occurs several days after peak viraemia implicating immunological pathways. Skin is a highly vascular organ and also an important site of immune reactions with a high density of dendritic cells (DCs), macrophages and T cells.

Role of molecular markers to predict distant metastasis in papillary thyroid carcinoma: Promising value of TERT promoter mutations and insignificant role of BRAF mutations-a meta-analysis.

The presence of distant metastasis is associated with an adverse outcome in papillary thyroid cancer. We performed a meta-analysis to investigate the role of molecular markers as predictors for distant metastasis in papillary thyroid cancer. Four electronic databases including PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Virtual Health Library were searched, and odds ratio and its 95% confidence interval concerning the association of BRAF, RAS, and TERT promoter mutations and RET/PTC rearrangements with distant metastasis were calculated using random-effects model.

Use of eschar swabbing for the molecular diagnosis and genotyping of Orientia tsutsugamushi causing scrub typhus in Quang Nam province, Vietnam.

Background: Scrub typhus is a rickettsiosis which is caused by Orientia tsutsugamushi and occurs throughout the Asia-Pacific region. Molecular diagnosis of rickettsioses using eschar swabs has recently emerged, and may be very useful for the diagnosis of these diseases in tropical settings.

Methodology/principal Findings: Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) was used to detect O.

Physicians, Primary Caregivers and Topical Repellent: All Under-Utilised Resources in Stopping Dengue Virus Transmission in Affected Households.

Background: Primary health care facilities frequently manage dengue cases on an ambulatory basis for the duration of the patient's illness. There is a great opportunity for specific messaging, aimed to reduce dengue virus (DENV) transmission in and around the home, to be directly targeted toward this high-risk ambulatory patient group, as part of an integrated approach to dengue management. The extent however, to which physicians understand, and can themselves effectively communicate strategies to stop focal DENV transmission around an ambulatory dengue case is unknown; the matter of patient comprehension and recollection then ensues.

Ministernotomy for correction of ventricular septal defect.

Background: The development of minimally invasive surgery in the adult has created motivation for similar approaches in the congenital heart domain. Over the past 20 years, this type of surgery has been advocated in an effort to reduce costs related to hospital stay, and to improve the cosmetic results. We report our experience with ventricular septal defect repair utilizing a ministernotomy incision.

Clinical evaluation of dengue and identification of risk factors for severe disease: protocol for a multicentre study in 8 countries.

Background: The burden of dengue continues to increase globally, with an estimated 100 million clinically apparent infections occurring each year. Although most dengue infections are asymptomatic, patients can present with a wide spectrum of clinical symptoms ranging from mild febrile illness through to severe manifestations of bleeding, organ impairment, and hypovolaemic shock due to a systemic vascular leak syndrome. Clinical diagnosis of dengue and identification of which patients are likely to develop severe disease remain challenging.

A Prognostic Model for Development of Profound Shock among Children Presenting with Dengue Shock Syndrome.

Purpose: To identify risk factors and develop a prediction model for the development of profound and recurrent shock amongst children presenting with dengue shock syndrome (DSS).

Methods: We analyzed data from a prospective cohort of children with DSS recruited at the Paediatric Intensive Care Unit of the Hospital for Tropical Disease in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. The primary endpoint was "profound DSS", defined as ≥2 recurrent shock episodes (for subjects presenting in compensated shock), or ≥1 recurrent shock episodes (for subjects presenting initially with decompensated/hypotensive shock), and/or requirement for inotropic support.

Screening of Vietnamese medicinal plants for NF-κB signaling inhibitors: assessing the activity of flavonoids from the stem bark of Oroxylum indicum.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Seventeen plants used in Vietnamese traditional medicine for the treatment of inflammatory disorders were screened for NF-κB inhibitory activity. Oroxylum indicum, which exhibited activity, was investigated in detail.

Materials And Methods: Forty plant extracts from 17 species were prepared by maceration using dichloromethane and methanol and were tested (10µg/mL) to evaluate their ability to inhibit NF-κB activation using TNF-α-stimulated HEK-293 cells stably transfected with a NF-κB-driven luciferase reporter.

Anti-Müllerian hormone versus antral follicle count for defining the starting dose of FSH.

This pilot study compared the efficacy and safety of two simple dosing algorithms, one based on anti-Müllerian Hormone (AMH) and the other on the antral follicle count (AFC), to determine the starting dose of recombinant FSH (rFSH) for ovarian stimulation in 348 women. Patients were randomized to a predefined AMH- or AFC-based algorithm. The proportion of cycles with the desired response was similar when rFSH dose was determined using AMH or AFC (35.

Extracts of Crinum latifolium inhibit the cell viability of mouse lymphoma cell line EL4 and induce activation of anti-tumour activity of macrophages in vitro.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Crinum latifolium L. (CL) leaf extracts have been traditionally used in Vietnam and are now used all over the world for the treatment of prostate cancer. However, the precise cellular mechanisms of the action of CL extracts remain unclear.

Effects of short-course oral corticosteroid therapy in early dengue infection in Vietnamese patients: a randomized, placebo-controlled trial.

Background: Patients with dengue can experience a variety of serious complications including hypovolemic shock, thrombocytopenia, and bleeding. These problems occur as plasma viremia is resolving and are thought to be immunologically mediated. Early corticosteroid therapy may prevent the development of such complications but could also prolong viral clearance.