3,322 results match your criteria: "University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Grigore. T. Popa"[Affiliation]"

Artificial intelligence (AI) is revolutionizing the field of oral and dental healthcare by offering innovative tools and techniques for optimizing diagnosis, treatment planning, and patient management. This narrative review explores the current applications of AI in dentistry, focusing on its role in enhancing diagnostic accuracy and efficiency. AI technologies, such as machine learning, deep learning, and computer vision, are increasingly being integrated into dental practice to analyze clinical images, identify pathological conditions, and predict disease progression.

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Background: There is currently increasing interest in the implication of traumatic brain injury (TBI) as a potential risk factor for long-term neurodegenerative conditions, such as dementia and Alzheimer's disease (AD). In this context, we performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the association between TBI and the risk of dementia.

Methods: A systematic search was performed across multiple electronic databases, including PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library, to identify relevant meta-analyses and cohort studies.

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Background/objectives: The first reimbursed prescription for palbociclib (Palbo) in breast cancer patients in Romania was issued in July 2018. The objective of this study is to assess the efficacy, safety, and adherence to Palbo in combination with aromatase inhibitor (AI) or fulvestrant in a real-world cohort of HR+/HER2- breast cancer patients from Romania.

Methods: A retrospective analysis of reimbursed Palbo prescriptions was conducted using data extracted from the electronic database of the Romanian Health Insurance House, Dolj County, for disease code 124 (breast cancer), covering the period from 2018 to 2023.

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Background/objectives: Moral hazard represents a significant challenge in healthcare systems globally, reflecting the tendency of insured individuals to over-utilize medical services when shielded from the full costs of care.

Methods: This paper investigates the dynamics and implications of moral hazard within the Romanian public hospital sector, offering practical recommendations for healthcare policymakers to mitigate the financial risks associated with excessive healthcare utilization and ensure long-term sustainability. To achieve the objectives of this study, a quantitative research approach utilizing vignettes was employed.

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Background: Virtual Reality (VR) is an emerging non-pharmacological treatment for anxiety in palliative care patients. Anxiety, a common symptom in this population, has a significant effect on living standards. The aim of this systematic review is to evaluate the effectiveness of VR interventions in reducing anxiety and improving quality of life in palliative care.

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This study aimed to investigate the effects of chronic sympathoinhibition on glucose uptake by the myocardium and by the skeletal muscle in an animal model of obesity associated with leptin signaling deficiency. 6 obese Zucker rats (OZR) and 6 control Lean Zucker rats (LZR) were studied during basal conditions, chronic clonidine administration (30 days, 300 µg/kg), and washout recovery period. Glucose uptake in the myocardium and in the skeletal muscle was measured using positron emission tomography (PET) and 2-[18F] fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose ([18F]FDG).

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Diabetes is a complex condition with a rising global incidence, and its impact is equally evident in pediatric practice. Regardless of whether we are dealing with type 1 or type 2 diabetes, the development of complications following the onset of the disease is inevitable. Consequently, contemporary medicine must concentrate on understanding the pathophysiological mechanisms driving systemic decline and on finding ways to address them.

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Article Synopsis
  • Obesity is a significant risk factor for venous thromboembolism (VTE) and poses unique challenges in anticoagulation management due to limited research on how extreme body weight affects medication outcomes.
  • This review focuses on patients with a body mass index (BMI) of 40 kg/m² or higher, analyzing various anticoagulants' dosages, efficacy, and safety for both prevention and treatment of VTE.
  • The study emphasizes the need for personalized treatment strategies and careful monitoring, especially for specific groups like cancer patients or those with kidney issues, given the insufficient evidence available for effective anticoagulant therapy in morbidly obese individuals.
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Background/objectives: Schizophrenia is a complex mental disorder influenced by genetic and environmental factors, including dietary habits. Oxidative stress and inflammation play a crucial role in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. Emerging research suggests that diet may affect schizophrenia through different biological mechanisms beyond oxidative stress and inflammation.

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Background And Aims: Pan-genotypic ribavirin-free oral direct-acting antivirals, including the glecaprevir/pibrentasvir combination, are recommended for the treatment of most patients with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. In Romania, the HCV-infected patient population receiving glecaprevir/pibrentasvir is not well characterized and data on treatment effectiveness is lacking. The ODYSSEY study aimed to provide insights into the characteristics and treatment outcomes of HCV-infected Romanian patients receiving 8-week therapy with glecaprevir/pibrentasvir.

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: Several significant associations between certain Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) alleles and myasthenia gravis (MG) subtypes were established in populations from Western Europe and North America and, to a lesser extent, from China and Japan. However, such data are scarcely available for Eastern Europe. This study aimed to analyze the associations of HLA Class I and II alleles with MG and its serological subtypes (with anti-acetylcholine receptor autoantibodies, RAch+MG, and double-seronegative, dSNMG) in myasthenic patients of Romanian descent.

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Cathelicidin: Insights into Its Impact on Metabolic Syndrome and Chronic Inflammation.

Metabolites

December 2024

Internal Medicine II Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine, and Pharmacy "Grigore T. Popa", 700115 Iasi, Romania.

: LL-37 is associated with metabolic syndrome (MetS), a constellation of risk factors comprising obesity, insulin resistance (IR), dyslipidemia, and hypertension, which elevates the risk of cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes. : In this narrative review, we analyzed the literature focusing on recent developments in the relationship between cathelicidin and various components of MetS to provide a comprehensive overview. : Studies have shown that LL-37 is linked to inflammation in adipose tissue (AT) and the development of IR in obesity.

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Background/objectives: Understanding speech in background noise is a challenging task for listeners with normal hearing and even more so for individuals with hearing impairments. The primary objective of this study was to develop Romanian speech material in noise to assess speech perception in diverse auditory populations, including individuals with normal hearing and those with various types of hearing loss. The goal was to create a versatile tool that can be used in different configurations and expanded for future studies examining auditory performance across various populations and rehabilitation methods.

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This narrative review comprehensively synthesizes laser technology's clinical applications, advantages, and limitations in modern dentistry. The review of 67 articles published between 2018 and 2023 highlights the latest advancements, including photobiomodulation (PBM) for enhanced tissue healing and inflammation control, alongside innovative uses in implantology, endodontics, and teeth whitening. The findings underscore the transformative potential of lasers in improving dental treatment precision and patient outcomes while addressing the barriers to their widespread adoption, such as costs and training needs.

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The metabolic syndrome, made up of the sum of the entities that define it (obesity, hypertension, dyslipidemias and non-alcoholic hepatic steatosis) has gained an important place in the research of the last decades. This aspect is mainly due to the complexity of management in pediatric practice. The main directions in his approach therefore bring together the concern of counteracting the noise or systemic, of the multiple intercurrents at the physiopathological level, as well as the negative imprint exerted on the quality of life.

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Background: Fractures occurring in the lower extremities as a result of road traffic accidents (RTAs) can lead to considerable morbidity and constitute a large proportion of nonfatal injuries that necessitate hospitalization. The present study aimed to examine the epidemiology of lower extremity fractures linked with RTAs in pediatric patients.

Methods: This is a descriptive retrospective research study carried out between 2015 and 2022 at St.

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The Model for End-Stage Liver Disease (MELD) score is a widely used tool for quantifying hepatic dysfunction, providing greater accuracy and a wider range of values compared to the Child-Turcotte-Pugh (CTP) score, being also used in prioritizing patients who are eligible for liver transplantation. This study assessed the correlation between the MELD score and the European System for Cardiac Operative Risk Evaluation II (EuroSCORE II), a reliable system for categorizing risk levels in patients undergoing cardiovascular surgery. This retrospective study analyzed data from 589 patients who underwent coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) at the Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases 'Prof.

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Brain tumors, despite the high mortality and morbidity, they are a rare type of heterogenous tumors that are highly dependent on sex, age, race, level of education, and socioeconomic status. Due to their high mortality rates, it is important to identify as many potential biomarkers for early detection as the earlier the tumor is discovered, the better the prognosis. One such early biomarker we propose in the current paper is the assessment of anxiety, depression, and cognitive changes.

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Background: Various rejuvenation surgeries, including hyaluronic acid (HA) fillers, aim to address mid-face volume loss. However, literature on the comparative efficacy and safety of different HA fillers for the zygomatic area remains limited.

Methods: This systematic review and network meta-analysis (NMA), adhering to NMA PRISMA 2020 and Cochrane guidelines.

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: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) poses a significant global health challenge, affecting approximately 10% of the population. Patients with an acquired solitary kidney (ASK) from nephrectomy face elevated risks for CKD progression because of the increased functional demand on the remaining kidney. This study aims to identify risk factors for CKD progression in patients with a surgical ASK, highlighting the challenges faced by this population.

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Interest in the transition of care for cystic fibrosis (CF) patients has grown significantly over time, driven by advancements in treatment that have extended life expectancy. As more CF patients survive into adulthood, the need for structured transition strategies has become a priority for healthcare systems worldwide. Transition programs for CF differ globally, reflecting varying resources and healthcare systems.

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Characterizing Managerial Decision Making in Public Hospitals: A Case Study from Romania.

Healthcare (Basel)

November 2024

School of Engineering Technology and Applied Science, Centennial College, 941 Progress Ave., Scarborough, ON M1G 3T8, Canada.

Background/objectives: Our study investigates the primary characteristics of managerial decision-making processes in the public hospital units in Romania, particularly in the Northeast region. This research aims to delineate the decision-making model applied by managers in these units, considering the multitude of legislative, economic, technical, ethical, and organizational changes prompted by the pandemic.

Methods: A mixed-method research approach was utilized, combining semi-structured interviews and autoethnography, to capture experiences, attitudes, perceptions, motivations, and ethical considerations of decision-makers within the healthcare system.

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Resolvins are specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPMs) derived from omega-3 fatty acids that play a critical role in resolving inflammation and restoring tissues to a state of health after an immune response. Their role in chronic inflammatory conditions highlights their importance in maintaining a balance between an effective immune response and the resolution of inflammation to prevent tissue damage. Periodontal disease is a chronic inflammatory condition affecting the tissues surrounding the teeth, leading to gum damage and bone loss.

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This study investigates the impact of chitosan-based nanofibers on burn wound healing in a rat model. Two formulations of chitosan nanofibers were prepared through electrospinning. The formulations were then incorporated with different amounts of norfloxacin and underwent surface modifications with 2-formylphenylboronic acid.

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Chronic kidney disease is a really important heath issue, and transplantation is an intervention that can greatly increase patient quality of life and survival. The aim of this study was to perform a comprehensive evaluation of the BK virus, CMV, and EBV in kidney transplant recipients (KTRs); to assess the prevalence of infections; and to test if our detection method would be feasible for use in follow-ups with KTRs. A total of 157 KTRs registered at the Clinical Hospital "Dr.

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