Synchronicity of the Gulf Stream path downstream of Cape Hatteras and the region of maximum wind stress curl.

The Gulf Stream, a major ocean current in the North Atlantic ocean is a key component in the global redistribution of heat and is important for marine ecosystems. Based on 27 years (1993-2019) of wind reanalysis and satellite altimetry measurements, we present observational evidence that the path of this freely meandering jet after its separation from the continental slope at Cape Hatteras, aligns with the region of maximum cyclonic vorticity of the wind stress field known as the positive vorticity pool. This synchronicity between the wind stress curl maximum region and the Gulf Stream path is observed at multiple time-scales ranging from months to decades, spanning a distance of 1500 km between 70 and 55W.

Temporal and spatial refugia modify predation risk for non-native crabs in rocky intertidal habitats.

Populations of the non-native Asian shore crab, , now dominate the rocky intertidal of southern New England, USA. High abundances suggest the recent invader may have experienced enhanced success as a result of enemy release. While larvae and juveniles may serve as a food source for ecologically important species, little is known about predation of mature or the influence of habitat on predation pressure.

Recent changes in the upper oceanic water masses over the Indian Ocean using Argo data.

Utilizing Argo data from 2003 to 2019, we examine thermohaline changes in the Indian Ocean within the upper 700 m. Widespread warming is observed except in the Southern Indian Ocean. Increasing salinity is obtained over all regions except the Bay of Bengal and Southern Indian Ocean.

Intertidal habitat complexity influences the density of the non-native crab .

Habitat structural complexity can provide protection from predators, potentially affecting population density of native and non-native prey. The invasive Asian shore crab, , occurs in variable densities in the rocky intertidal zone of eastern North America and northern Europe, often in densities greater than in its native range. The present study examined the influence of habitat complexity on the density of .

Professional actors demonstrate variability, not stereotypical expressions, when portraying emotional states in photographs.

It is long hypothesized that there is a reliable, specific mapping between certain emotional states and the facial movements that express those states. This hypothesis is often tested by asking untrained participants to pose the facial movements they believe they use to express emotions during generic scenarios. Here, we test this hypothesis using, as stimuli, photographs of facial configurations posed by professional actors in response to contextually-rich scenarios.

The role of goal-related autonomy: A self-determination theory analysis of perfectionism, poor goal progress, and depressive symptoms.

Adopting a self-determination theory perspective, this 3-wave longitudinal study explores the role of perfectionism in goal pursuit and the experience of depressive symptoms. The findings highlight the role of goal-related autonomy in mediating the opposite effects of self-critical and personal standards perfectionism on goal progress and depressive symptoms over the course of an academic year. The results suggest a way of understanding the pathway to depressive symptoms and poor goal progress in perfectionists.

Histological evaluation of five suture materials in the telson ligament of the American horseshoe crab ().

An ideal suture material supports healing, minimizes inflammation, and decreases the likelihood of secondary infection. While there are published recommendations for suture materials in some invertebrates, there are no published recommendations for or any chelicerate. This study evaluates the histological reaction of horseshoe crabs to five commonly used suture materials: monofilament nylon, silk, poliglecaprone, polydioxanone, and polyglycolic acid.

A Ti(III) reduction method for one-step conversion of seawater and freshwater nitrate into N O for stable isotopic analysis of N/ N, O/ O and O/ O.

Rationale: The nitrogen and oxygen (δ N, δ O, and δ O values) isotopic compositions of nitrate (NO ) are crucial tracers of nutrient nitrogen (N) sources and dynamics in aquatic systems. Current methods such as bacterial denitrification or Cd-azide reduction require laborious multi-step conversions or toxic chemicals to reduce NO to N O for N and O isotopic analyses by isotope ratio mass spectrometry (IRMS). Furthermore, the O composition of N O cannot be directly disentangled using IRMS because O contributes to mass 45 ( N).

Increased neural sensitivity to self-relevant stimuli in major depressive disorder.

The current research examined how individuals with depression process emotional, self-relevant stimuli. Across two studies, individuals with depression and healthy controls read stimuli that varied in self-relevance while EEG data were recorded. We examined the late positive potential (LPP), an ERP component that captures the dynamic allocation of attention to motivationally salient stimuli.

Constructive Feedback Teaching Strategy: A Multisite Study of Its Effectiveness.

Aim: The study purpose was to describe students' perceptions of feedback after participating in a teaching strategy designed to foster a view of feedback as an opportunity for improvement.

Background: Although delivering and receiving constructive feedback are essential to the role of the professional nurse, feedback has been identified as a trigger for incivility in academia and practice.

Method: Twelve nurse educators from the Quality and Safety Education for Nurses Academic Task Force, located at nine schools of nursing across the nation, implemented a presentation about giving and receiving constructive feedback in junior and senior courses.

Sweet-cheeks vs. pea-brain: embodiment, valence, and task all influence the emotional salience of language.

Previous research has found that more embodied insults (e.g. numbskull) are identified faster and more accurately than less embodied insults (e.

Reproducible in vitro model for dystrophic calcification of cardiac valvular interstitial cells: insights into the mechanisms of calcific aortic valvular disease.

Calcific aortic valvular disease (CAVD) is the most prevalent valvular pathology in the United States. Development of a pharmacologic agent to slow, halt, or reverse calcification has proven to be unsuccessful as still much remains unknown about the mechanisms of disease initiation. Although in vitro models of some features of CAVD exist, their utility is limited by the inconsistency of the size and time course of the calcified cell aggregates.

Spectral extrapolation for ultra-wide band radio frequency super-resolution tumor localization in the breast.

The use of ultra-wide band (UWB) radio frequency (RF) as an alternative to x-ray mammography for the detection and localization of breast tumors has been an area of focused research over the last decade. Unlike x-rays, UWB RF is non-ionizing and poses no risk of inducing cancer in examined patients. However, the reduction in operating frequency of UWB RF compared to x-rays results in much poorer localization when using classical space-time adaptive signal processing.

Impact of Cranberries on Gut Microbiota and Cardiometabolic Health: Proceedings of the Cranberry Health Research Conference 2015.

Recent advances in cranberry research have expanded the evidence for the role of this Vaccinium berry fruit in modulating gut microbiota function and cardiometabolic risk factors. The A-type structure of cranberry proanthocyanidins seems to be responsible for much of this fruit's efficacy as a natural antimicrobial. Cranberry proanthocyanidins interfere with colonization of the gut by extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli in vitro and attenuate gut barrier dysfunction caused by dietary insults in vivo.

Characterization of Water Coordination to Ferrous Nitrosyl Complexes with fac-N2O, cis-N2O2, and N2O3 Donor Ligands.

Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) experiments were done on a series of S = (3)/2 ferrous nitrosyl model complexes prepared with chelating ligands that mimic the 2-His-1-carboxylate facial triad iron binding motif of the mononuclear nonheme iron oxidases. These complexes formed a comparative family, {FeNO}(7)(N2Ox)(H2O)3-x with x = 1-3, where the labile coordination sites for the binding of NO and solvent water were fac for x = 1 and cis for x = 2. The continuous-wave EPR spectra of these three complexes were typical of high-spin S = (3)/2 transition-metal ions with resonances near g = 4 and 2.

Adolescent weight control: an intervention targeting parent communication and modeling compared with minimal parental involvement.

Objective: Adolescent weight control interventions demonstrate variable findings, with inconsistent data regarding the appropriate role for parents. The current study examined the efficacy of a standard adolescent behavioral weight control (BWC) intervention that also targeted parent-adolescent communication and parental modeling of healthy behaviors (Standard Behavioral Treatment + Enhanced Parenting; SBT + EP) compared with a standard BWC intervention (SBT).

Methods: 49 obese adolescents (M age = 15.

Making meaning in qualitative research with conversational partnerships: a methodological discussion.

Rubin and Rubin's responsive interviewing method is based on the conversational partnership formed between researcher and participant. This method allows the researcher to understand experiences through the participant's words and stories to create meaning. In this article, the reader is guided through a 3-part interview series with a person living with traumatic spinal cord injury.

Dolphin social intelligence: complex alliance relationships in bottlenose dolphins and a consideration of selective environments for extreme brain size evolution in mammals.

Bottlenose dolphins in Shark Bay, Australia, live in a large, unbounded society with a fission-fusion grouping pattern. Potential cognitive demands include the need to develop social strategies involving the recognition of a large number of individuals and their relationships with others. Patterns of alliance affiliation among males may be more complex than are currently known for any non-human, with individuals participating in 2-3 levels of shifting alliances.

Stress management strategies for women doctoral students.

When women return to school part-time for the doctorate while continuing to work full-time, they face many changes in their lives. Adding the role of doctoral student to existing roles at work and home can be challenging for women. By using stress-reducing strategies aimed at managing role changes, time pressures, and education issues, women can successfully integrate the student role into their daily lives.

Weaving undergraduate research into practice-based experiences.

Most nursing education programs fail to link research to practice-based courses, thus contributing to the research-to-practice-gap. To better prepare graduates for evidence-based practice, a project that linked research to practice-based learning was developed. The author discusses how the Collaborative Learning Project (CLP) was designed and implemented, the learning activities that linked research to practice-based experiences in an adult health course, and the outcomes of the strategy.

A division of labour with role specialization in group-hunting bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) off Cedar Key, Florida.

Individual role specialization during group hunting is extremely rare in mammals. Observations on two groups of bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) in Cedar Key, Florida revealed distinctive behavioural roles during group feeding. In each group, one individual was consistently the 'driver', herding the fishes in a circle toward the remaining 'barrier' dolphins.

Energy analysis of a piezoelectric body under nonuniform deformation.

One of the most powerful and clear methods for solving electromechanical transducer problems is the energy method based on the use of the Euler-Lagrange equations. The general expression is developed in a form convenient for applying the energy method to the calculation of the internal energy of a piezoelectric body under nonuniform deformation. The electrical and mechanical variables in this expression are separable under certain conditions and the underlying physics is illustrated with particular examples of bars made of piezoelectric ceramic for the case of transverse and axial polarization.

Differential roles of developmentally distinct SNAP-25 isoforms in the neurotransmitter release process.

The role of SNAP-25 (synaptosomal associated protein of 25 kDa) isotypes in the neurotransmitter release process was examined by varying their relative abundance during PC12 cell differentiation induced by nerve growth factor (NGF). Norepinephrine release by NGF-differentiated PC12 cells is more sensitive to type A botulinum toxin (BoNT/A) than by nondifferentiated cells, while both differentiated and nondifferentiated PC12 cells are equally sensitive to type E botulinum toxin (BoNT/E). The differential sensitivity to BoNT/A corresponds to an altered susceptibility of SNAP-25 isotypes to BoNT/A cleavage in vitro, whereas both isotypes are equally vulnerable to cleavage by BoNT/E.

Complex social structure, alliance stability and mating access in a bottlenose dolphin 'super-alliance'.

Large brain size in mammals has been related to the number and complexity of social relationships, particularly social alliances within groups. The largest within-group male alliance known outside of humans is found in a social network (> 400) of Indian Ocean bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops aduncus) in Shark Bay Western Australia. Members of this dolphin 'super-alliance' cooperate against other alliances over access to females.