Murdered Indigenous Women: A Comparison Study of Victim and Perpetrator Patterns and Characteristics.

Introduction: The rate of violent crimes against Indigenous people, including murder and rape, is significantly higher than national averages. Even more concerning, Indigenous women and girls represent a large proportion of murdered and missing individuals in the United States. In addition to the murder rate of Indigenous women being higher than the national average, they are significantly more likely to experience rape or other types of sexual violence.

Corrigendum: The prospective outcome of the Monkeypox outbreak in 2022 and characterization of monkeypox disease immunobiology.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.

The prospective outcome of the monkeypox outbreak in 2022 and characterization of monkeypox disease immunobiology.

A new threat to global health re-emerged with monkeypox's advent in early 2022. As of November 10, 2022, nearly 80,000 confirmed cases had been reported worldwide, with most of them coming from places where the disease is not common. There were 53 fatalities, with 40 occurring in areas that had never before recorded monkeypox and the remaining 13 appearing in the regions that had previously reported the disease.

Proposed mechanisms of hypertension and risk of adverse cardiovascular outcomes in LGBT communities.

Hypertension (HTN), a highly prevalent public issue affecting one in two adults in the United States, has recently been shown to differentially burden individuals belonging to marginalized communities, such as the lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) communities. The minority stress theory posits that a unique combination of marginalization-related psychosocial stressors and coping behaviors may underlie the increased burden of diseases like HTN in LGBT populations. Uncontrolled or poorly managed HTN often leads to the development of adverse cardiovascular outcomes, such as heart failure (HF).

Extended Nucleic Acid (exNA): A Novel, Biologically Compatible Backbone that Significantly Enhances Oligonucleotide Efficacy in vivo.

Metabolic stabilization of therapeutic oligonucleotides requires both sugar and backbone modifications, where phosphorothioate (PS) is the only backbone chemistry used in the clinic. Here, we describe the discovery, synthesis, and characterization of a novel biologically compatible backbone, extended nucleic acid (exNA). Upon exNA precursor scale up, exNA incorporation is fully compatible with common nucleic acid synthetic protocols.

Long-Term, Prospective, Multicenter Study of Poly-4-Hydroxybutyrate Mesh (Phasix Mesh) for Hernia Repair in Cohort at Risk for Complication: 60-Month Follow-Up.

Background: Long-term resorbable mesh represents a promising technology for ventral and incisional hernia repair (VIHR). This study evaluates poly-4-hydroxybutyrate mesh (P4HB; Phasix Mesh) among comorbid patients with CDC class I wounds.

Study Design: This prospective, multi-institutional study evaluated P4HB VIHR in comorbid patients with CDC class I wounds.

A RET::GRB2 fusion in pheochromocytoma defies the classic paradigm of RET oncogenic fusions.

The RET kinase receptor is a target of mutations in neural crest tumors, including pheochromocytomas, and of oncogenic fusions in epithelial cancers. We report a RET::GRB2 fusion in a pheochromocytoma in which RET, functioning as the upstream partner, retains its kinase domain but loses critical C-terminal motifs and is fused to GRB2, a physiological RET interacting protein. RET::GRB2 is an oncogenic driver that leads to constitutive, ligand-independent RET signaling; has transforming capability dependent on RET catalytic function; and is sensitive to RET inhibitors.

Cancer Conspicuity on Low-energy Images of Contrast-enhanced Mammography Compared With 2D Mammography.

Objective: Low-energy (LE) images of contrast-enhanced mammography (CEM) have been shown to be noninferior to digital mammography. However, our experience is that LE images are superior to 2D mammography. Our purpose was to compare cancer appearance on LE to 2D images.

Prevention Research Centers and COVID-19: Models of a Community-Engaged Response to a Public Health Emergency.

For more than 30 years, the network of Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)-funded Prevention Research Centers (PRCs) has worked with local communities and partners to implement and evaluate public health interventions and policies for the prevention of disease and promotion of health. The COVID-19 pandemic tested the PRC network's ability to rapidly respond to multiple, simultaneous public health crises. On April 28, 2020, to assess the network's engagement with activities undertaken in response to the early phase of the pandemic, PRC network leadership distributed an online survey to the directors of 34 currently or formerly funded PRCs, asking them to report their PRCs' engagement with predetermined activities across 9 topical areas and provide case studies exemplifying that engagement.

Novel tool for assessing the quality of feedback in the emergency room (FEED-ER).

Background: The Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) emphasizes constructive feedback as a critical component of residency training. Despite over a decade of using competency-based milestone evaluations, emergency medicine (EM) residency programs lack a standardized method for assessing the quality of feedback. We developed two novel EM-specific feedback surveys to assess the quality of feedback in the ER (FEED-ER) from both the resident and the faculty perspectives.

Minimally-invasive pain management techniques in palliative care.

Pain is a common source of suffering for seriously ill patients. Typical first-line treatments consist of lifestyle modifications and medication therapy, including opioids. However, medical treatments often fail or are associated with limiting systemic toxicities, and more targeted interventional approaches are necessary.

Effect of Alteplase Use on Outcomes in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation: Analysis of the Initiation of Anticoagulation After Cardioembolic Stroke Study.

Background Intravenous alteplase improves outcome after acute ischemic stroke without a benefit in 90-day mortality. There are limited data on whether alteplase is associated with reduced mortality in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF)-related ischemic stroke whose mortality rate is relatively high. We sought to determine the association of alteplase with hemorrhagic transformation and mortality in patients with AF.

A nationwide survey of emergency medicine resident workflow efficiency: Are training programs teaching residents to be efficient?

Background: Workflow efficiency (WFE) is essential to the practice of emergency medicine (EM), but a standardized approach to measuring and teaching it during residency is lacking. In this study we sought to describe how EM residency programs in the United States currently measure and teach WFE and to assess the relative importance of WFE teaching to EM residency program leaders.

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional survey of all accredited EM residency training programs in the United States in Fall 2019.

Prospective, multicenter study of P4HB (Phasix™) mesh for hernia repair in cohort at risk for complications: 3-Year follow-up.

Background: This study represents a prospective, multicenter, open-label study to assess the safety, performance, and outcomes of poly-4-hydroxybutyrate (P4HB, Phasix™) mesh for primary ventral, primary incisional, or multiply-recurrent hernia in subjects at risk for complications. This study reports 3-year clinical outcomes.

Materials And Methods: P4HB mesh was implanted in 121 patients via retrorectus or onlay technique.

Emergency medicine in Norway: The road to specialty recognition.

Emergency medicine (EM) in most of Europe is a much newer specialty than in the United States. Until recently, emergency departments (EDs) in Norway were staffed with unsupervised interns, leading to a government report in 2008 that called for change. From the establishment of the Norwegian Society for Emergency Medicine in 2010 to the creation of the specialty in 2017 and the approval of the first emergency physician in Norway in 2019, our review article describes how a small group of physicians were able to work with politicians and the media to get an emergency medicine specialty approved despite resistance from a much larger group of existing specialists.

Sensorimotor function in progressive multiple sclerosis.

Background: A sensitive test reflecting subtle sensorimotor changes throughout disease progression independent of mobility impairment is currently lacking in progressive multiple sclerosis.

Objectives: We examined non-ambulatory measures of upper and lower extremity sensorimotor function that may reveal differences between relapsing-remitting and progressive forms of multiple sclerosis.

Methods: Cutaneous sensitivity, proprioception, central motor function and mobility were assessed in 32 relapsing-remitting and 31 progressive multiple sclerosis patients and 30 non-multiple sclerosis controls.

Changes to the ACGME Common Program Requirements and Their Potential Impact on Emergency Medicine Core Faculty Protected Time.

The Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME), which regulates residency and fellowship training in the United States, recently revised the minimum standards for all training programs. These standards are codified and published as the Common Program Requirements. Recent specific revisions, particularly removing the requirement ensuring protected time for core faculty, are poised to have a substantial impact on emergency medicine training programs.

Combination of Foley and prostaglandins versus Foley and oxytocin for cervical ripening: a network meta-analysis.

Background: Trial and meta-analysis data revealed a reduction in time to delivery for Foley and prostaglandins or Foley and oxytocin vs Foley alone. However, there are limited data for the comparison of the 2 combination methods against each other.

Objective: This study aimed to determine whether Foley and prostaglandins or Foley and oxytocin decrease the time to vaginal delivery using a network meta-analysis.