Screening test characteristics and comparison of diabetes outcomes among pregnant patients with prediabetes.

This study sought to compare test characteristics of hemoglobin A1c, oral glucose tolerance test and fasting plasma glucose for the development of gestational diabetes among women with prediabetes. Diabetes outcomes were compared by screening test used for prediabetes diagnosis among a retrospective cohort of pregnant patients between 2017-2021. During the study, 8132 patients received diabetes screening and 14.

Cardio-Obstetrics: the Next Frontier in Cardiovascular Disease Prevention.

Purpose Of Review: Internationally, cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death in women. With risk factors for CVD continuing to rise, early identification and management of chronic diseases such as hypertension, diabetes, and obstructive sleep apnea is necessary for prevention. Pregnancy is a natural stress test for women with risk factors who may be predisposed to CVD and offers a unique opportunity to not only recognize disease but also implement effective and long-lasting strategies for prevention.

Early Diagnosis of Prediabetes among Pregnant Women that Develop Gestational Diabetes Mellitus and Its Influence on Perinatal Outcomes.

Objective: Purpose of this study was to determine whether early identification of impaired glucose tolerance consistent with prediabetes among pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in the first trimester impacts maternal and neonatal outcomes.

Study Design: This was a retrospective cohort study of patients who were screened for pregestational diabetes in early pregnancy at a large academic tertiary care center from October 1, 2017, to January 31, 2021, and who subsequently developed GDM. Demographic and perinatal outcomes were compared among women with GDM with a positive early diabetes screen consistent with prediabetes to women who screened negative in the first trimester.

Cardiac and Obstetric Outcomes Associated With Mitral Valve Prolapse.

Mitral valve prolapse (MVP) is the most common valvular heart disease in women of reproductive age. Whether MVP increases the likelihood of adverse outcomes in pregnancy is unknown. The study objective was to examine the cardiac and obstetric outcomes associated with MVP in pregnant women.

Results of a Statewide Survey of Obstetric Clinician Depression Practices.

Perinatal depression affects upwards of one in seven women and is associated with significant negative maternal and child consequences. Despite this, it remains under-detected and under-treated. We sought to identify clinician practices, self-efficacy, and remaining barriers to comprehensively addressing perinatal depression care.

Increased plasmin-mediated proteolysis of L1CAM in a mouse model of idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus.

Idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH) is a common neurological disorder that is characterized by enlarged cerebral ventricles, gait difficulty, incontinence, and dementia. iNPH usually develops after the sixth decade of life in previously asymptomatic individuals. We recently reported that loss-of-function deletions in lead to the development of iNPH in a subgroup of patients, but how this occurs is poorly understood.

National Temporal Trends in Hospitalization and Inpatient Mortality in Patients With Pulmonary Sarcoidosis in the United States Between 2007 and 2018.

Background: Sarcoidosis-related hospitalizations have been increasing in the past decade. There is a paucity of data on mortality trends over time in patients with pulmonary sarcoidosis and respiratory failure who are hospitalized.

Research Question: What are the national temporal trends over time in hospitalization and inpatient mortality rates in patients with pulmonary sarcoidosis and respiratory failure hospitalized in the United States between 2007 and 2018?

Study Design And Methods: Hospitalization data between 2007 and 2018 were extracted from the National Inpatient Sample for subjects with pulmonary sarcoidosis.

A Quality Improvement Initiative to Increase Scoring Consistency and Accuracy of the Finnegan Tool: Challenges in Obtaining Reliable Assessments of Drug Withdrawal in Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome.

Background: Current practice for diagnosing neonatal abstinence syndrome and guiding pharmacological management of neonatal drug withdrawal is dependent on nursing assessments and repeated evaluation of clinical signs.

Purpose: This single-center quality improvement initiative was designed to improve accuracy and consistency of Finnegan scores among neonatal nurses.

Methods: One-hundred seventy neonatal nurses participated in a single-session withdrawal-assessment program that incorporated education, scoring guidelines, and a restructured Finnegan scale.

Decision Support with the Personal Patient Profile-Prostate: A Multicenter Randomized Trial.

Purpose: We evaluated the efficacy of the web based P3P (Personal Patient Profile-Prostate) decision aid vs usual care with regard to decisional conflict in men with localized prostate cancer.

Materials And Methods: A randomized (1:1), controlled, parallel group, nonblinded trial was performed in 4 regions of the United States. Eligible men had clinically localized prostate cancer and an upcoming consultation, and they spoke and read English or Spanish.

Association Between Physician Online Rating and Quality of Care.

Background: Patients are increasingly using physician review websites to find "a good doctor." However, to our knowledge, no prior study has examined the relationship between online rating and an accepted measure of quality.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to assess the association between online physician rating and an accepted measure of quality: 30-day risk-adjusted mortality rate following coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery.

Can paediatric and adolescent gynecological care be delivered via Telehealth?

Objective: Paediatric and adolescent gynecology (PAG) is an evolving subspecialty, with patients often having to travel large distances to access care. The goal of the present study was to assess whether Telehealth (TH) would be appropriate for PAG services in a tertiary care centre and to determine patient/family interest.

Methods: The present study was a prospective observational study of patients who attended PAG clinics over the course of one year.

Recruitment and stabilization of brain activation within a working memory task; an FMRI study.

Seventeen subjects underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) performing a 2-Back verbal working memory (VWM) task alternating with a control task to characterize the temporal dynamics of the specific brain regions involved in VWM. Serial sampling of 2-Back sub-blocks revealed many small areas of activation that grew and merged over time. Significant temporal effects for volume recruitment were seen in specific brain regions known to be involved in VWM, including the bilateral dorsolateral prefrontal (DLPFC), medial frontal (MFC), posterior parietal (PPC) cortices and also some extra-cortical and subcortical regions of interest (ROIs).

New options for barrier contraception.

Barrier contraceptives are a safe alternative to hormonal methods of fertility management. Newer barrier method options include the Today Sponge, the FemCap, and the Lea's Shield. Understanding the use, benefits, and limitations of these barrier methods of birth control will assist women's health care providers to better meet the family planning needs of their patients.

The effects of zinc on the olfactory neuroepithelium and olfactory bulbs of the Sprague-Dawley rat after oral administration of zinc-gluconate trihydrate.

Background: The most frequent causes of upper respiratory infections are human rhinoviruses. The nasopharyngeal area, which includes the respiratory epithelium, mucosa, and the olfactory neuroepithelium (ONe), is a first-line of defense against airborne viruses and allergens, some of which manage to penetrate the nasal mucosa and invade the tissues of the nasal respiratory epithelium. Biochemical evidence from several studies suggests that zinc is an effective cold treatment and that over-the-counter (OTC) zinc-gluconate compounds may provide the high pharmacologic doses of zinc needed to act as an effective means of treating and reducing the duration and severity of symptoms of the common cold.