The Role of Sex and Gender in Precision Emergency Medicine: A Scoping Review and Proposed Hierarchy.

Background: Precision medicine utilizes individual patient data to guide decision making. Sex and gender medicine is likewise focused on individual patients' biological sex or sociocultural gender as determinants of disease. How these two fields intersect with one another and with acute care medicine is unclear.

Navigating Treatment Pathways in Metastatic Hormone Receptor-Positive, HER2-Negative Breast Cancer: Optimizing Second-Line Endocrine and Targeted Therapies.

Journal Journal of Clinical Oncology, .

Long-term health outcomes for patients with obstructive sleep apnea: placing the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality report in context-a multisociety commentary.

Unlabelled: This multisociety commentary critically examines the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) final report and systematic review on long-term health outcomes in obstructive sleep apnea. The AHRQ report was commissioned by the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services and particularly focused on the long-term patient-centered outcomes of continuous positive airway pressure, the variability of sleep-disordered breathing metrics, and the validity of these metrics as surrogate outcomes. This commentary raises concerns regarding the AHRQ report conclusions and their potential implications for policy decisions.

The Evolving Landscape of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors and Antibody Drug Conjugates in the Treatment of Early-Stage Breast Cancer.

For decades, chemotherapy has been the mainstay of breast cancer treatment. Novel therapies are expanding the therapeutic options and altering the treatment algorithms to manage this disease. The use and approval of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) and antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) represent a few areas of progress.

Fifteen Patients Who Can Be Helped by Medicare: Insurance Policy Changes in the Coverage of CPAP Therapy for Obstructive Sleep Apnea.

Insurance coverage policies define the diagnostic criteria and adherence requirements for patients to qualify for initial and ongoing therapy with continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) treatment, the most complete therapy for obstructive sleep apnea. Unfortunately, a number of patients who use CPAP and benefit from treatment fail to meet these requirements. We present 15 patients who fail to meet Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services' (CMS) criteria, highlighting policies that do not support patient care.

Post hypoxic myoclonus: A tale of two minds.

Post hypoxic myoclonus (PHM) is considered a poor prognostic sign and may influence decisions regarding withdrawal of treatment. PHM is generally categorized in literature as either acute or chronic (also commonly referred to as Lance-Adams Syndrome) based on the onset of myoclonus. However, it may be more accurate to differentiate between the various presentations of PHM based on the clinical characteristics and electroencephalogram (EEG) findings for prognostication.

Germline Genetic Testing in Breast Cancer: Systemic Therapy Implications.

Purpose Of Review: In this article, we discuss recent advances in germline genetic testing for patients with breast cancer and highlight current limitations and impacts on clinical care. We also provide an update on the therapeutic implications of having a germline mutation, including targeted systemic therapy options for treating early and metastatic breast cancer.

Recent Findings: Approximately 5 to 10% of women diagnosed with breast cancer have a pathogenic variant in a hereditary cancer susceptibility gene, which has significant implications for managing these patients.