Screening, brief intervention, and referral to treatment for pain management for veterans separating from military service: study protocol of a hybrid type 2 study testing implementation facilitation versus training-as-usual.

Background: Veterans transitioning to civilian life often have chronic pain from service-related musculoskeletal disorders (MSD) with higher risk for substance misuse. Many seek VA (Department of Veterans Affairs) compensation for MSD. Use of Screening, Brief Intervention, and Referral to Treatment for Pain Management (SBIRT-PM) by VA Post-9/11 Military2VA (M2VA) case managers presents an opportunity to engage these veterans in VA pain care and address substance misuse.

p70S6K as a Potential Anti-COVID-19 Target: Insights from Wet Bench and In Silico Studies.

The onset of SARS-CoV-2 infection in 2019 sparked a global COVID-19 pandemic. This infection is marked by a significant rise in both viral and host kinase activity. Our primary objective was to identify a pivotal host kinase essential for COVID-19 infection and the associated phenomenon of the cytokine storm, which may lead to long-term COVID-19 complications irrespective of viral genetic variations.

Rapid Assessment Amid an Injection Drug Use-Driven HIV Outbreak in Massachusetts' Merrimack Valley: Highlights from a Case Study.

Illicitly manufactured fentanyl within the drug supply has substantially increased opioid-related overdose deaths and driven infectious disease outbreaks among people who use drugs (PWUD). Local jurisdictions often lack the data and tools necessary to detect and translate such moments into actionable and effective responses. Informed by a risk environment framework, this case study adopted a mixed-methods design spanning two rapid assessment studies with PWUD in Lowell (n = 90) and Lawrence (n = 40), Massachusetts, during an HIV outbreak (2017, Study 1) and following the outbreak (2019, Study 2).

Soft-sensor model development for CHO growth/production, intracellular metabolite, and glycan predictions.

Efficaciously assessing product quality remains time- and resource-intensive. Online Process Analytical Technologies (PATs), encompassing real-time monitoring tools and soft-sensor models, are indispensable for understanding process effects and real-time product quality. This research study evaluated three modeling approaches for predicting CHO cell growth and production, metabolites (extracellular, nucleotide sugar donors (NSD) and glycan profiles): Mechanistic based on first principle Michaelis-Menten kinetics (MMK), data-driven orthogonal partial least square (OPLS) and neural network machine learning (NN).

Understanding Involuntary Hospitalization Applications Submitted to an Urban Police Department.

Objective: To improve understanding of the application process for temporary involuntary hospitalization (Section 12 of the Massachusetts General Laws) in Boston, the authors focused on cases involving the Boston Police Department (PD) and the information shared about the individuals involved.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on all Section 12 applications submitted to the Boston PD by external clinicians from July 14, 2021, to June 30, 2022. The authors analyzed 488 applications processed by the Boston PD's Street Outreach Unit, examining demographic information, reasons for requests, information provided by petitioners, and the status of the applications (completed vs.

How do we justify research into enhanced warfighters?

State militaries have strong interests in developing enhanced warfighters: taking otherwise healthy service personnel (soldiers, marines, pilots, etc.) and pushing their biological, physiological, and cognitive capacities beyond their individual statistical or baseline norm. However, the ethical and regulatory challenges of justifying research into these kinds of interventions to demonstrate the efficacy and safety of enhancements in the military has not been well explored.

Crystallization modeling of two semi-crystalline polyamides during material extrusion additive manufacturing.

In this work, a heat transfer model is developed for thermally-driven material extrusion additive manufacturing of semicrystalline polymers that considers the heat generated during crystallization by coupling crystallization kinetics with heat transfer. The materials used in this work are Technomelt PA 6910, a semicrystalline hot melt adhesive with sub-ambient glass transition temperature (T) and slow crystallization, and PA 6/66, a traditional semicrystalline polyamide with a higher T and fast crystallization. The coupled model shows that the released heat during crystallization depends on material selection, with Technomelt PA 6910 and PA 6/66's temperatures increased by less than 1 °C and up to 6.

Three-dimensional-printed headcap with embedded microdrive system for customizable multi-region brain recordings with neural probes.

Electrophysiological recordings from single neurons are crucial for understanding the complex functioning of the brain and for developing eventual therapeutic interventions. For electrophysiology, the accuracy and fidelity of invasive implantations of small devices remains unmatched. This study introduces an innovative, cost-efficient, 3D-printed headcap with embedded microdrive (THEM) system designed to streamline the manual labor-intensive electrode implantation process for efficient and precise multi-region brain neural probe implantations.

Antimicrobial Potency of Nor-Pyochelin Analogues and Their Cation Complexes against Multidrug-Resistant Pathogens.

The opportunistic pathogen develops increasing resistance toward even the most potent antibiotics. Like other bacteria, the pathogen produces a number of virulence factors including metallophores, which constitute an important group. Pseudomonads produce the iron-chelating metallophore (siderophore) pyochelin, which, in addition to its iron-scavenging ability, is an effector for the transcriptional regulator PchR in its Fe-bound form (ferripyochelin).

Modeling interfacial electric fields and the ethanol oxidation reaction at electrode surfaces.

The electrochemical environment present at surfaces can have a large effect on intended applications. Such environments may occur, for instance, at battery or electrocatalyst surfaces. Solvent, co-adsorbates, and electrical field effects may strongly influence surface chemistry.

The Association between Food Insecurity and Insomnia Symptoms among Young Adults in Puerto Rico and the Mediating Role of Psychological Distress Symptoms.

Residents of Puerto Rico face a high burden of food insecurity (FI), which has been associated with insomnia symptoms (IS). However, this association remains understudied in Puerto Rican young adults, a vulnerable group experiencing an elevated prevalence of FI and poor sleep. We evaluated the association between FI and IS and the mediating role of psychological distress symptoms among young adults in Puerto Rico.

Adsorption of l-Cysteine and Cysteamine on Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles.

The reaction of l-cysteine and cysteamine hydrochloride with zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs), by stirring excess reactant with the NPs in ethanol, has been studied by thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Raman spectroscopy. l-Cysteine adsorption occurs via the thiol functional group, and there is no evidence for bonding via the carboxylic acid or amine functionalities. However, Raman spectroscopy and XPS reveal some protonated thiol, suggesting unbound l-cysteine is also present, as confirmed by XRD that shows the presence of l-cysteine crystallites.

Limited Migration From Physiological Refugia Constrains the Rescue of Native Gastropods Facing an Invasive Predator.

Biological invasions have caused the loss of freshwater biodiversity worldwide. The interplay between adaptive responses and demographic characteristics of populations impacted by invasions is expected to be important for their resilience, but the interaction between these factors is poorly understood. The freshwater gastropod is native to the Upper St.

Distinct mechanisms drive divergent phenotypes in hypertrophic and dilated cardiomyopathy-associated TPM1 variants.

Heritable forms of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) and dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) represent starkly diverging clinical phenotypes, yet may be caused by mutations to the same sarcomeric protein. The precise mechanisms by which point mutations within the same gene bring about phenotypic diversity remain unclear. Our objective was to develop a mechanistic explanation of diverging phenotypes in two TPM1 mutations, E62Q (HCM) and E54K (DCM).

Untangling the chemical complexity of plastics to improve life cycle outcomes.

A diversity of chemicals are intentionally added to plastics to enhance their properties and aid in manufacture. Yet, the accumulated chemical composition of these materials is essentially unknown even to those within the supply chain, let alone to consumers or recyclers. Recent legislated and voluntary commitments to increase recycled content in plastic products highlight the practical challenges wrought by these chemical mixtures, amid growing public concern about the impacts of plastic-associated chemicals on environmental and human health.

Development of a Single Vial Mass Flow Rate Monitor to Assess Pharmaceutical Freeze Drying Heterogeneity.

During pharmaceutical lyophilization processes, inter-vial drying heterogeneity remains a significant obstacle. Due to differences in heat and mass transfer based on vial position within the freeze drier, edge vials freeze differently, are typically warmer and dry faster than center vials. This vial position-dependent heterogeneity within the freeze dryer leads to tradeoffs during process development.

Conductive single enzyme nanocomposites prepared by in-situ growth of nanoscale polyaniline for high performance enzymatic bioelectrode.

Enzyme-based electrochemical biosensors hold great promise for applications in health/disease monitoring, drug discovery, and environmental monitoring. However, inherently non-conductive nature of proteinaceous enzymes often hampers effective electron transfer at enzyme-electrode interface, limiting biosensor performance of enzyme bioelectrodes. To address this problem, we present an approach to synthesize polyaniline (PAN)-based conductive single enzyme nanocomposites of glucose oxidase (GOx) (denoted as PAN-GOx).